chap 5

32問 • 1年前

問題一覧

the firm’s particular combination of store loca- tion, operating procedures, goods/services offered, pricing tactics, store atmosphere and customer services, and promotional methods

strategy mix

refers to the use of a store or nonstore format, placement in a geographic area, and the kind of site (such as a shopping center)

store location

include the personnel employed, management style, store hours, and other factors.

operating procedures

may encompass many product categories or just one; quality may be low, medium, or hig

goods/services offered

refers to the use of prestige pricing (creating a quality image), competitive pricing (setting prices at the level of rivals), or penetration pricing (underpricing other retailers).

pricing

According to the ____, retail innovators often first appear as low-price operators with low costs and low profit margin requirements.

wheel of retailing theory

The wheel of retailing

high-end strategy medium-end strategy low-end strategy

occurs when a retailer adds goods and services that may be unrelated to each other and to the firm’s original business.

scrambled merchandising

concept states that retail institutions—like the goods and services they sell— pass through identifiable life stages: introduction (early growth), growth (accelerated develop- ment), maturity, and decline.

retail life cycle

involve the combination of separately owned retail firms.

mergers

retailers become active in businesses outside their normal operations, perhaps adding stores in different goods/service categories.

diversification

whereby unprofitable stores are closed or divisions are sold off—by retailers unhappy with performance.

downsizing

Type of Retailer (food oriented) (6)

convenience store conventional supermarket food-based superstore combination store box (limited line) store warehouse store

types of retailer (general merchandise) (7)

specialty store traditional department store variety store off-price chain factory outlet membership club flea market

is typically a well-located, food-oriented retailer that is open long hours and carries a moderate number of items

convenience store

is a self-service food store with grocery, meat, and produce departments and a minimum annual sales of $2 million.

supermarket

is a departmentalized food store with a wide range of food and related products; sales of general merchandise are rather limited

conventional supermarket

is larger and more diversified than a con- ventional supermarket but usually smaller and less diversified than a combination store.

food-based superstore

unites supermarket and general merchandise in one facility, with general merchandise accounting for 25 to 40 percent of sales.

combination store

is a combination store blending an economy supermarket with a discount department store.

supercenter

is a food-based discounter that focuses on a small selection of items, moderate hours of operation (compared with other supermarkets), few services, and limited manufacturer brands.

box (limited-line) store

is a food-based discounter that offers a moderate number of food items in a no-frills setting. It appeals to one-stop food shoppers, concentrates on special purchases of popular brands, uses cut-case displays, offers little service, posts prices on shelves, and locates in secondary sites.

warehouse store

concentrates on selling one type of goods or service line, such as young women’s apparel. It usually carries a narrow but deep assortment in the chosen category and tailors the strategy to a given market segment.

specialty store

(also known as a power retailer) is an especially large specialty store. It features an enormous selection in its category and relatively low prices

category killer

is a large retail unit with an extensive assortment (width and depth) of goods and services that is organized into separate departments for purposes of buying, promotion, customer service, and control.

department store

merchandise quality ranges from average to quite good. Pricing is moderate to above average. Customer service ranges from medium levels of sales help, credit, delivery, and so forth to high levels of each

traditional department store

is a type of department store with these features: ▶▶ It conveys the image of a high-volume, low-cost outlet selling a broad product assortment for less than conventional prices. ▶▶ It is more apt to carry the range of general merchandise once expected only at department stores, including electronics, furniture, and appliances—as well as auto accessories, garden- ing tools, and housewares. ▶▶ Shopping carts and centralized checkout service are provided. ▶▶ Customer service is not usually provided within store departments but at a centralized area. Products are normally sold via self-service with minimal assistance in any single department. ▶▶ Nondurable (soft) goods often feature private brands, whereas durable (hard) goods empha- size well-known manufacturer brands. ▶▶ Less fashion-sensitive merchandise is often carried. ▶▶ Buildings, equipment, and fixtures are less expensive; and operating costs are lower than for traditional department stores and specialty stores.

full-line discount store

handles an assortment of inexpensive and popularly priced goods and services, such as apparel and accessories, costume jewelry, notions and small wares, candy, toys, and other items in the price range. There are open displays and few salespeople. The stores do not carry full product lines, may not be departmentalized, and do not deliver products. Although the conventional variety store format has faded away, there are two successful spin-offs from it: dollar discount stores and closeout chains.

variety store

features brand-name (sometimes designer) apparel and accessories, footwear (primarily women’s and family), linens, fabrics, cosmetics, and/or house-wares and sells them at everyday low prices in an efficient, limited-service environment. It fre- quently has community dressing rooms, centralized checkout counters, no gift wrapping, and extra charges for alterations.

off-price chain

is a manufacturer-owned store that sells closeouts, discontin- ued merchandise, irregulars, canceled orders, and sometimes in-season, first-quality merchandise.

factory outlet

straddles the line between whole- saling and retailing. It appeals to price-conscious consumers, who must be members to shop there. Some members are small business owners and employees who pay a membership fee to buy merchandise at wholesale prices

membership club

many retail vendors sell a range of products at discount prices in plain surroundings. It is rooted in the centuries-old tradition of street selling—shoppers touch and sample items, and haggle over prices. Vendors used to sell only antiques, bric-a-brac, and assorted used merchandise. Today, they also frequently sell new goods, such as clothing, cosmetics, watches, consumer electronics, housewares, and gift items

flea market

Chap 1

Jake Matthew · 10問 · 1年前

Chap 1