agrarian reform

44問 • 1年前

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the whole system of agriculture, an important aspect of the Philippine economy because nearly half of the population is employed in the agricultural sector, and most citizens live in rural areas. Centered on the relationship between production and the distribution of land among farmers.

agrarian reform

A system where rural communities were organized into pueblos, with families assigned land to cultivate but not allowed to own it.

pueblo agriculture (16th century)

Spanish laws governing colonial administration, including land distribution.

law of the indies

Land grants awarded to Spanish military personnel as a reward for their service.

repartamientos

Individuals granted encomiendas, responsible for managing land and collecting tribute from Filipinos.

encomenderos

Abusive practices where Filipino farmers were forced to sell their products at low prices or surrender them to encomenderos

compras y vandalas

Large landed estates developed in the 19th century, tied to the export market and often employing tenant farmers.

hacienda system

Large estates owned by religious orders, often a source of exploitation for Filipinos.

friar lands

Filipinos fought for freedom and land ownership, with the revolutionary government confiscating large estates.

Philippine revolution

US law regulating public land disposal, limiting individual and corporate land ownership.

Philippine bill of 1902

1903 Introduced the Torrens system to address the absence of accurate land records.

land registration act (act no. 496)

Allowed tenants to acquire farms of at least 16 hectares, mainly in Northern Luzon and Mindanao.

homestead program

Peasant uprisings in Luzon fueled by landlessness and exploitation.

colorum and sakdal uprisings

Religious or social movements predicting societal transformation, often with a focus on social justice.

millenarianism movements

President Quezon's program focused on purchasing haciendas for division and sale to tenants.

social justice program

Established to assist peasants in legal battles for land rights.

national rice and corn corporation (naricc)

Exercised jurisdiction over landowner-tenant disputes.

court of industrial relations

Administered the Homestead Program

national land settlement administration

Established a 70-30 sharing arrangement between tenants and landlords

republic act no 34 (1946)

Accelerated resettlement programs for peasants.

LASEDECO (land settlement development corporation) 1950s

Responsible for resettlement programs and land distribution.

national resettlement and rehabilitation administration (narra)

(1955) Governed the relationship between landlords and tenants, protecting tenurial rights.

agricultural tenacy act (republic act no 1199)

Resolved land disputes between landowners and peasant organizations.

court of agricultural relations

Administered tenancy issues.

agricultural tenacy commission

Provided warehouse facilities and marketing assistance to farmers.

agricultural credit and cooperative financing administration (accfa)

Provided easier terms for applying for homesteads and farmlands

agricultural and industrial bank

Communist-led peasant movement fighting for land reform and social justice.

huks

1963 Aimed to abolish share tenancy and promote owner-cultivatorship. - president macapagal's term

agricultural land reform code (republic act no 3844)

A system where farmers own and cultivate their own land.

owner-cultivatorship

1972 Declares martial law and implements Presidential Decree No. 27, establishing the Code of Agrarian Reform, focusing on redistribution of rice and corn lands. - Marcos term

presidential decree no. 27

Program to transfer ownership of rice and corn lands to tenant farmers. -marcos term

operation land transfer

Rice self-sufficiency program providing loans and agricultural inputs to farmers. -marcos term

masagana '99

Program under President Aquino, based on Republic Act No. 6657 (Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law), aimed at redistributing agricultural lands. Aquino's term

comprehensive agrarian reform program (carp)

Fair payment for land acquired by the government for agrarian reform.

just compensation

A large sugar plantation owned by the Aquino family, which became a controversial case in CARP implementation

hacienda luisita

Outlined President Aquino's land reform program.

presidential proclamation 131

Further defined President Aquino's land reform program.

executive order 229

Provided the legal framework for CARP, including land redistribution and just compensation.

republic act no. 6657 (comprehensive agrarian reform law)

Amended CARL and extended CARP for another ten years. - ramos term

republic act no. 8532 (1998)

Extended the deadline for CARP implementation and introduced reforms.

comprehensive agrarian reform program extension with reforms (carper)

Republic Act No. 9700 (CARPER) extends the deadline for CARP implementation and introduces reforms. What year

2009

CARPER distributes 1 million hectares of land to 900,000 farmer beneficiaries. What year

2014

Government agency responsible for implementing CARP and CARPER.

department of agrarian reform (dar)

Government agency that works with DAR in implementing land reform programs.

department of environment and natural resources (denr)

Chap 1

Jake Matthew · 10問 · 1年前

Chap 1