An agent intended for use in the diagnosis, treatment, cure, mitigation, & prevention of disease in man or animals

Agents intended to be placed in contact with external parts of the human body, teeth, or mucus membranes

• AKA additives, adjuncts, pharmaceutical necessities • Largest percentage present in dosage form

Reddens the skin

Causes the contraction of body tissues to stop bleeding

Relieves itching

Produces a superficial irritation in one part of the body to relieve irritation in another

Makes skin soft & pliable

Prevents the escape of water from the skin

Prevents drying of the dosage form

Intended to be swallowed

• Powder for cleaning teeth • Abrasive, anti-cariogenic

• Applied into body cavities • Dissolved in warm water • pH usually 3.5-5

• Introduced into body cavities by insufflator • CONS: Inaccurate dosing

Dropped into the skin by means of sifter-top containers

Administered with the aid of inhalers

From coarsely powdered herbs

• A process of particle size reduction

Method of producing finer drug particles under 10 micrometers

• Intended to both comminute & mix • Grinded using mortar & pestle

Solutions, suspension, ointments

Soft aggregates, crystals

Crystalline solids

• Use of a non-volatile non-solvent • Forms a PASTE using a levigating agent • Ex. Mineral oil, glycerin

• Addition of a volatile solvent • For gummy materials • Ex. Alcohol + camphor, Ether + iodine pellets

• For non-potent substances • Results in a light, fluffy product

• For small amounts of powders & non-potent substances • Eutectic mixtures

• For potent substances • 1:1 proportion

Mixing in a large, rotating chamber

Prepared agglomerates of smaller particles of powder

Removed prior to use

Ensures contact for continuous drug release

where the drug is kept

release controller

protects the patch from the environment prevents drug/ water loss

supersonic shock waves of helium gas

low voltage curent to fascilitate diffusion

shirt high-volatage electric pulses which creates acqueaous phores

higgh frequency ultrasound

homogenous blend of PEGs and polysorbate 80

aka pluronics black copolymers

70% glycerin 20% granular gelatin 10%Drug

bn: carbowax polymers of ethylene oxide and water

eutectic mixture of mono-di, triglycerides derived from natural vegetable oils

triglycerides from palm, palm kernel, coconut oils

daturated fatty acid esp lauric acid

coconut oil

most stable form: beta

small, compressed or tuft

plastic masses used in dermatological practice

soft moist mass in hot cloth

dental fillings

uses muslin cloth

• AKA: Water-ABSORBABLE • Do not contain oleaginous → greaseless • For incorporation of solids

• AKA: Water-MISCIBLE • o/w emulsions resembling creams • Absorbs serous discharges

• Greasy & non-water washable • Absorbs small amounts of water

• AKA: Hydrocarbon base • Emollient, occlusive dressing

holds the valve in place

delivers and regulates the flow of material from the container

prevents formulation leakage

holds gasket in place

brings formulation from conntainer to valve

links the dip tube, stem, actuator

supports actuator

button pressed to activate valve assembly

expasion of propellant- small bubbles

carry API to srface

remains in the air for prolonged periods

• O/W → W/O • W/O → O/W

irrecersible separation of the internal phase

complete fusion

reversible agglomeration

downward movement w/o

ipwad movement o/w

in situ soap 1:1

forbes 3:2:1 for volatile oils

english 4:2:1 water, gum, oil drop by drop

continental 4:2;1 oil, gum, water all at once

Plastic masses containing 15% gelatin, 40% glycerin, 30% water, & 10% API

Aqueous suspensions of insoluble inorganics having bigger particles than gels & lotions

Liquid suspension or dispersion with LOW viscosity intended for external application to the skin

irreversible sol-gel formation

reversible gel-sol formation

liberatiion of oil/water

liquid is removed andonly framework remains

gel shrinks with loss of liquid

take ip liquid with increase in vlume

take up liquid without increase in volume

Clear, sweetened hydroalcoholic solutions intended for oral use & are usually flavored to enhance their palatability & always contains alcohol

injected into bloodstream

Sterile, non-pyrogenic solutions used to wash or bath surgical incisions, wound or body tissue.

Alcohol or oil-based solutions prepared from vegetable materials or from chemical substances. • 10% Potent

Occlusive, protectant, applied over bandages

Class of gels with a structural matrix containing a higher percentage of water

Thick, viscid adhesive liquids made of dispersing gum in water

Thick liquid preparations allied to syrups but used as base

Viscous oral liquid that generally contains a higher concentration of sugar

Concentrated aqueous preparation of sugar or sugar￾substituted w/ or w/o flavoring agents & medicinal substances & may contain alcohol as preservative or as solvent for the flavors but not as the general solvent • SIMPLE SYRUP: 85% w/v or 65% w/w

Treatment of the pharynx & nasopharynx by forcing air from the lungs thru the gargle, held in throat & spit out.

Used by swishing the liquid in the oral cavity