dds

Hannah Angelique Losaria · 100問 · 2年前

通報

問題一覧

An agent intended for use in the diagnosis, treatment, cure, mitigation, & prevention of disease in man or animals

DRUG

Agents intended to be placed in contact with external parts of the human body, teeth, or mucus membranes

COSMETICS

• AKA additives, adjuncts, pharmaceutical necessities • Largest percentage present in dosage form

EXCIPIENTS

Reddens the skin

RUBEFACIENT

Causes the contraction of body tissues to stop bleeding

ASTRINGENT

Relieves itching

ANTI-PRURITIC

Produces a superficial irritation in one part of the body to relieve irritation in another

COUNTER-IRRITANT

Makes skin soft & pliable

EMOLLIENT

Prevents the escape of water from the skin

OCCLUSIVE

Prevents drying of the dosage form

HUMECTANT

Intended to be swallowed

ORAL POWDERS

• Powder for cleaning teeth • Abrasive, anti-cariogenic

DENTRIFICE

• Applied into body cavities • Dissolved in warm water • pH usually 3.5-5

DOUCHE

• Introduced into body cavities by insufflator • CONS: Inaccurate dosing

INSUFFLATION

Dropped into the skin by means of sifter-top containers

DUSTING POWDERS

Administered with the aid of inhalers

AEROSOLS

From coarsely powdered herbs

POULTICE

• A process of particle size reduction

COMMINUTION OF POWDERS

Method of producing finer drug particles under 10 micrometers

MICRONIZATION

• Intended to both comminute & mix • Grinded using mortar & pestle

TRITURATION

Solutions, suspension, ointments

Glass

Soft aggregates, crystals

Porcelain

Crystalline solids

Wedgewood

• Use of a non-volatile non-solvent • Forms a PASTE using a levigating agent • Ex. Mineral oil, glycerin

LEVIGATION

• Addition of a volatile solvent • For gummy materials • Ex. Alcohol + camphor, Ether + iodine pellets

PULVERIZATION BY INTERVENTION

• For non-potent substances • Results in a light, fluffy product

SIFTING

• For small amounts of powders & non-potent substances • Eutectic mixtures

SPATULATION

• For potent substances • 1:1 proportion

GEOMETRIC DILUTION

Mixing in a large, rotating chamber

TUMBLING

Prepared agglomerates of smaller particles of powder

GRANULES

Removed prior to use

RELEASE LINER

Ensures contact for continuous drug release

adhesive layer

where the drug is kept

drug reservoir

release controller

microposous membrane

protects the patch from the environment prevents drug/ water loss

occlusive backing layer

supersonic shock waves of helium gas

high velocity powder particles

low voltage curent to fascilitate diffusion

iontophoresis

shirt high-volatage electric pulses which creates acqueaous phores

electrophoration

higgh frequency ultrasound

sonophoresis

homogenous blend of PEGs and polysorbate 80

polybase

aka pluronics black copolymers

poloxamers

70% glycerin 20% granular gelatin 10%Drug

glycenerated gelatin

bn: carbowax polymers of ethylene oxide and water

peg

eutectic mixture of mono-di, triglycerides derived from natural vegetable oils

suppocire

triglycerides from palm, palm kernel, coconut oils

fattibase

daturated fatty acid esp lauric acid

witepsol

coconut oil

wecobee

most stable form: beta

cocoa butter

small, compressed or tuft

pledget

plastic masses used in dermatological practice

dressing

soft moist mass in hot cloth

cataplasm

dental fillings

cements

uses muslin cloth

cerates

• AKA: Water-ABSORBABLE • Do not contain oleaginous → greaseless • For incorporation of solids

water soluble

• AKA: Water-MISCIBLE • o/w emulsions resembling creams • Absorbs serous discharges

water removable

• Greasy & non-water washable • Absorbs small amounts of water

absorption

• AKA: Hydrocarbon base • Emollient, occlusive dressing

oleaginous

holds the valve in place

mounting cup

delivers and regulates the flow of material from the container

valve

prevents formulation leakage

gsket

holds gasket in place

spring

brings formulation from conntainer to valve

dip tube

links the dip tube, stem, actuator

housing

supports actuator

stem

button pressed to activate valve assembly

actuator

expasion of propellant- small bubbles

foam

carry API to srface

surface

remains in the air for prolonged periods

space

• O/W → W/O • W/O → O/W

phase inversion

irrecersible separation of the internal phase

cracking/ breaking

complete fusion

coalescence

reversible agglomeration

flocculation

downward movement w/o

sedimenttaion

ipwad movement o/w

creaming

in situ soap 1:1

nascent

forbes 3:2:1 for volatile oils

bottle

english 4:2:1 water, gum, oil drop by drop

wet gum

continental 4:2;1 oil, gum, water all at once

dry gum

Plastic masses containing 15% gelatin, 40% glycerin, 30% water, & 10% API

glycerogelatins

Aqueous suspensions of insoluble inorganics having bigger particles than gels & lotions

magmas

Liquid suspension or dispersion with LOW viscosity intended for external application to the skin

lotions

irreversible sol-gel formation

rheopexy

reversible gel-sol formation

thixotropy

liberatiion of oil/water

bleeding

liquid is removed andonly framework remains

xerogel

gel shrinks with loss of liquid

syneresis

take ip liquid with increase in vlume

syneresis

take up liquid without increase in volume

imbibtion

Clear, sweetened hydroalcoholic solutions intended for oral use & are usually flavored to enhance their palatability & always contains alcohol

elixir

injected into bloodstream

parenteral

Sterile, non-pyrogenic solutions used to wash or bath surgical incisions, wound or body tissue.

wound irrigation

Alcohol or oil-based solutions prepared from vegetable materials or from chemical substances. • 10% Potent

tinctures

Occlusive, protectant, applied over bandages

collodion

Class of gels with a structural matrix containing a higher percentage of water

jellies

Thick, viscid adhesive liquids made of dispersing gum in water

MUCILAGE

Thick liquid preparations allied to syrups but used as base

HONEY

Viscous oral liquid that generally contains a higher concentration of sugar

LINCTUS

Concentrated aqueous preparation of sugar or sugarsubstituted w/ or w/o flavoring agents & medicinal substances & may contain alcohol as preservative or as solvent for the flavors but not as the general solvent • SIMPLE SYRUP: 85% w/v or 65% w/w

SYRUP

Treatment of the pharynx & nasopharynx by forcing air from the lungs thru the gargle, held in throat & spit out.

.GARGLE

100

Used by swishing the liquid in the oral cavity

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