i3 3rd q

25問 • 1年前

問題一覧

-is a systematic investigation process used to expand or modify prior knowledge by discovering new facts. - follows an organized method of data collection and analysis to discover new facts or validate existing knowledge. -It is essential for solving real-world problems and advancing academic and scientific understanding. - solves problems, advances knowledge, and informs policies. It drives technological advancements, improves education, and enhances productivity across various fields.

Research

Research problems must be __ to maintain focus and practical application. Without these attributes, a study may lack direction and effectiveness.

Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-bound (SMART)

describes it as a "problem or issue that leads to the need for a study." This definition emphasizes that research begins with identifying a gap or issue that requires systematic investigation.

John W. Creswell

Refers to the central focus of the study that the researcher is interested in. • The research topic defines the study's primary area of interest, guiding its scope and methodology. A well-defined topic ensures that research remains relevant and aligned with academic or professional objectives.

Research Topic

• visually connects essential concepts to provide clarity and direction for the research • Provides a visual representation of key concepts and their relationships, offering clarity and direction for the study. It helps researchers understand how variables interact and influence each other.

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

• includes proven concepts guiding the research and their relevance to the topic. consists of proven theories and principles that support the study's foundation. It ensures that research aligns with existing knowledge and provides a structured approach to inquiry.

THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

The study's background explains its historical development, relevance, and contribution to knowledge. It highlights existing research gaps and justifies why the study is necessary.

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

• Involves numerical data to test hypotheses and generalize results. • Focuses on measurable variables and empirical investigation. • Examines hypotheses using numerical data to generalize results for a larger population. It relies on statistical analysis to support findings.

Quantitative Research

• Explores non-numerical data to understand behaviors, motivations, and real-world phenomena through interviews, observations, and thematic analysis. • Provides deeper insights into phenomena

QUALITATIVE RESEARCH

• First-hand evidence collected directly from the source. • Gathered directly from subjects through experiments, surveys, or interviews.

PRIMARY DATA

• Includes publications or data derived from other studies. • comes from previously published sources such as books, articles, and official reports. It supports and validates primary research.

SECONDARY DATA

Can change and are not static

VARIABLES

Purposefully manipulated by the researcher to determine effects. • The factor deliberately manipulated by the researcher

Independent Variable

Observed and measured based on changes in the independent variable.

Dependent Variable

Take infinite values within a population.

Continuous Variable

Common structure for scientific research papers: Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion. • Widely used in academic research. It provides a logical and standardized way to present findings, making research clear and well-organized.

IMRAD FORMAT

• Summarizes the key ideas and is often the most-read part of a research paper. • As the most-read part of a study, the abstract offers a brief yet comprehensive summary of the research objectives, methodology, and key findings. It helps readers quickly assess the study's relevance.

ABSTRACT

Stands for the American Psychological Association; includes author, year, title, and publisher. • Citation follows a standardized format for referencing sources. It prevents plagiarism and enhances the credibility of research by acknowledging original authors. • Widely used citation format in social sciences, ensuring standardized referencing

APA CITATION

• Proper citations maintain academic integrity and credit original authors.

PLAGIARISM PREVENTION

• Provides foundational knowledge for the research topic. • Can be organized using thematic or historical approaches.

LITERATURE REVIEW

• Groups topics or issues by themes. • Organizes sources by common themes.

THEMATIC APPROACH

Focuses on the progression of time and events. • Tracks research progression over time.

HISTORICAL APPROACH

• Clearly defines the dilemma to be investigated, often using a deductive approach. A well-written problem statement outlines the issue being investigated and its significance. It ensures the research remains focused, relevant, and justifiable.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

• Must be specific, mesurable, and unbiased to define the scope of the study. They guide the methodology and prevent vague or irrelevant findings.

RESEARCH OBJECTIVES

• Specify how concepts are measured and controlled. • This ensures consistency and prevents ambiguity in interpretation.

OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS

Gen Chem

Joshua Timbol · 65問 · 2年前

Gen Chem