eapp 4th q

26問 • 1年前

問題一覧

•helps writers categorize main points • organize paragraphs for consistency and sense • ensure that paragraphs are fully developed

Outlining Academic Texts

A well-written outline has:

• a thesis statement • the main idea for each paragraph • the evidence and supporting details for each paragraph

• only phrases and main ideas are used • wording is parallel to one another • headings and subheadings should be divided into two or more parts

Topic Outline

• sentences utilized • less need for parallelism

Sentence Outline

There are two ways to outline ideas for written works:

topic outline and sentence outline.

is a restatement of a text, passage, or work and to give the meaning in another form.

Paraphrasing

Characteristics of a Good Paraphrase

• relays the information from the source text in your own words • leads the readers to the source of the information

When to Paraphrase

•when dealing with short texts •minimize direct quotation •without changing the meaning of the source text.

The function of some words in a sentence are changed to a different part of speech.

Change of Parts of Speech

The structure of the sentence is changed to reflect the writer's interpretation of the source text.

Change of Structure

___ are reduced or changed to phrases to lessen confusion and interruption and make the sentence simpler.

Clause Reduction

It involves the change of words in the sentence with similar words or synonyms.

Synonym Replacement

claiming ownership of material that is not your own

Plagiarism

• also known as "copy-paste plagiarism" • happens when a researcher copies another person's work word-for-word or verbatim without proper citation of the author(s)

Word-for-Word or Verbatim Plagiarism

happens when a writer changes some of the words of the author(s) by looking at the synonyms of the words and replacing or rearranging them to make the text look as if it were their own

Word Order Plagiarism

happens when a writer paraphrases the work of another in his or her own writing but does not properly cite or attribute the idea to the author(s)

Idea Plagiarism

is a way to give credit to the authors whose creative and intellectual work you used to support or supplement your own research. • It is also used to more easily locate particular sources as well as help avoid plagiarism.

citation

dictates what information is necessary to include in a citation, how that information should be organized, what punctuations are used, and other formatting concerns.

citation style

is used in education, psychology, and the social sciences.

APA (American Psychological Association)

is normally used in the humanities.

MLA (Modern Language Association)

is often used in business, history, and fine arts.

Chicago/Turabian style

consists of guidelines to ensure the clear and consistent presentation of written material. • It concerns itself with a number of elements, such as a selection of headings, tone, length, citation of references, and many more.

APA citation style

In MLA, the concept of ____ is crucial. If the source text being used is part of a larger collection or whole, that larger collection can be thought of as the container of the source.

containers

The Chicago style has two basic documentation systems:

notes and bibliography and author-date.

style is preferred in the humanities, especially by those in literature, history, and the arts. • This style presents bibliographic information in notes and, often, a bibliography.

notes and bibliography

is typically used by those in the sciences. • Sources are briefly cited in the text, usually in parentheses, by the author's last name and date of publication.

author-date style

Gen Chem

Joshua Timbol · 65問 · 1年前

Gen Chem