This stage is named so because it is when the cell synthesizes a copy of its DNA in a very notable process called DNA replication.

This stage is named so because it is when the cell synthesizes a copy of its DNA in a very notable process called ______.

-Continued growth and the production of materials that are necessary for cell division to occur -Protein synthesis but not at the rate similar to that of the G1 phase

They undergo meiosis

They undergo mitosis.

-is marked by the formation of a cleavage furrow in animal cells -is marked by the formation of a cell plate in plant cells

can only occur once the genetic material is properly distributed to the daughter cells.

___ refers to how a cell divides to produce new cells.

will only begin mitosis if the conditions are correct and favorable for cell division.

check for errors.

The Chromosome DNA in interphase is found in the form of ____ which condenses during mitosis.

Each chromosome is made up of two _____ ____.

The ____ has 23 pairs of chromosomes for a total of 46 chromosomes in each cell. 23 is the haploid number whereas 46 is the diploid number.

23 is the ____ number

46 is the ____ number

____ is often represented as n

While ____ is represented as 2n

The number of sets of chromosomes that a cell or an organism has is known as ____.

All human body cells are diploid except ____ which are haploid.

In animals, the boundary of the new cells is known as the ____.

is not a phase of mitosis but is closely related to it.

is the M phase that leads to the production of either sperm cells or egg cells. This type of division is very closely tied with the process of sexual reproduction.

___ involves the pairing of the members of homologous chromosomes so as to allow them to undergo crossing over and to segregate them.

____ is considered the reductional division in meiosis because it reduces the number of sets of chromosomes from two to one.

, by contrast, is considered the equational division in meiosis because there is no further reduction of the chromosome number in daughter cells.

can be described according to the number of divisions, number of daughter cells, and the unique events that take place.

Applications of stem cell therapy range from genetic disorders to injuries.

Meiosis produces new cell variants, and mitosis proliferates genetically modified cells.

Cells are usually limited by a certain number of times that they can divide before being too aged to further undergo mitosis. This limit is known as the ____.

_____ is when the homologous chromosomes in the tetrads exchange segments. This is an event during meiotic division that allows recombination of genes, and ultimately, enhances genetic variation.

Cell Cycle Diseases and Disorder

A karyotype of a person with trisomy 21 (left) and a photo showing some of the distinct facial characteristics associated with _____ (right).

A karyotype of a person with trisomy 13 (left) and a photo showing some of the distinct facial characteristics associated with _____(right).

Skin discolorations are characterized by person with a ____ form of Klippel-Trénaunay syndrome.

____ is characterized by manic and depressive episodes.

is characterized by severe depressive episodes.

interferes with a person's sense of reality.

If errors occur in the cell cycle, the cell will either attempt to compensate for the error through repair processes or undergo ___ if the errors cannot be repaired.

The failure of the chromosomes or chromatids to separate properly is known as ____.

is primarily characterized by uncontrollable cell division which results in a neoplasm, which is an abnormal growth of the defective cells.

occurs when the cell has an abnormal number of chromosomes

Chromosome condensation happens in ____. Spindle formation also begins.

begins after the completion of the breakdown of the nuclear envelope.

involves the alignment of the chromosomes in the metaphase plate.

The sister chromatids move to the opposite poles of the cell in .

ends when two nuclei are formed in the cell.

occurs when the cell has an abnormal number of sets of chromosomes