british chemist and physicist post the solid sphere model in the early 19th century shifted from philosophical ideas to scientific theory first atomic model based on experimental evidence and quantitative observations pave the way for the development of modern atomic theory

if the magnetic field is on and the electric field is off the cathode ray hit

formula of getting the electron if there is a charge on an element

since the cathode ray is attracted to the positively charged plate and repelled by the negatively charged plate it must consist of negatively charged particles

atoms in their neutral state have a zero charge due to the equal number of

is determined as the difference between the number of protons and the number of electrons

atoms are dense and solid with no internal structure or subatomic particles considered

since electrons are negatively charged the removal of electrons produces positively charged ions called

according to this theory electrons exist as a probable wave like pattern around the nucleus not in a specific orbit it explains why electrons act like a particles and wave and is the foundation of our understanding of atomic structure and widely used in modern physics

formula of getting the neutron

which contains the protons and the neutrons are unchanged in chemical reactions but change in energy driven nuclear reactions

are responsible for almost all chemical properties and reactivities of substances

formula of getting the proton

are not indivisible and are made up of three subatomic particles the protons neutron electrons

is discovered using a cathode ray tube

electrons move in quantized discrete energy levels around the nucleus and emit or absorb energy when transitioning between levels

what are the three subatomic particles of atoms

the electron is discovered using a

atom consists of a small dense positively charged nucleus of the center with electrons are beating around it similar to planet orbiting around the sun

austrian physicist renowned for his contributions to quantum mechanics propose the quantum model in the 1920s quantum mechanics provides a comprehensive understanding of electron behavior it successfully explains multi electron atoms quantum mechanics is the foundation of modern atomic theory

the mass to charge ratio obtained by jj thomson was ____ where c stands for coulomb the unit of electrical charge

danish physics known for his pioneering work in atomic structure propose the planetary model in the early 20th century explain the atomic spectra with the precision introduce the concept of quantized energy levels bridge classical physics with emerging quantum mechanics

according to this theory atoms are tiny balls that can't be broken and all made of the same material this theory help explain how different chemicals mixed together and what makes them different

was able to quantify the charge of the electron in his oil drop experiment in 1906 he use a fine ionized oil with electromagnetic force

electrons do not have definite orbits but are described by wave functions that represent probability distributions of their location

if the electric field is on the ray hit

being the tiniest and most mobile of all subatomic particles can easily be removed out of an atom or capture from an external source a removed or captured in an atom it becomes charged and is transformed to an ion

atoms are described as uniform positively charged spheres with electrons embedded within them similar to raisins in a pudding

also referred to in most references as the proton number(p) represents the total number of protons present in an element

robert was able to calculate the charge of the electron and the mass of the electron which are

atoms that gain electrons from external sources become negatively charged ions called__, also have more electrons than proton

according to this theory atoms are like plum pudding with tiny positive charges rather through out a cloud of negative electrons this theory help explain why atoms have a neutral charge overall and white day emit light when they collide with each other

according to this theory electrons orbit the nucleus of an atom in specific energy levels or shells this theory help explain why atoms emit light and why they absorb certain colors of light it also help explain the stability of atoms and why they don't fall apart

cathode ray tube has two charge plates

an english physicist use the cathode ray tube and the electromagnetic theory to determine the ratio of electric charge to the mass of the individual negatively charged particle

new zealand born physicist known for his contribution to nuclear physics introduce the nuclear model in the early 20th century first model to propose a central massive nucleus explain the behavior of positively charged alpha particles in the gold foil experiment laid the ground work for understanding atomic structure and radioactivity

english physicist known for his work on the nature of electrons propose the plum pudding model in the late 19th century discover the electrons as distinct particles understanding from indivisible atom to subatomic particles paved the way for for the exploration of atomic structure

according to the theory atoms of a nucleus with a positive charge and most of the mass surrounded by natural gas orbits like planets it explains why particles can pass through or bounds of atoms and is the basis of our current understanding of atomic structures