8 Work Study and Time Study

53問 • 1年前

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Is a generic term for those techniques, particularly METHOD STUDY AND WORK MEASUREMENT, which are used in all its context and which lead systematically to the investigation of all the factors, which affect the efficiency and economy of the situation being reviewed in order to affect improvement

work study

Is the systematic examination of the methods of carrying on activities so as to improve the effective use of resources and to set up standards of performance for the activities being carried out

work study

Increase efficiency Better product quality To choose the fastest method to do job To improve the working process Las fatigue to operators and workers Effective labor control Effective utilization of resources To decide equipment requirements To pay fair wages To aid and calculating exact delivery To formulate realistic labor budgeting To decide the required manpower to do a job

objectives of work study

Work study ensures higher productivity

advantages of work study

Better working conditions with less fatigue

advantages of work study

Higher wages to workers

advantages of work study

Uniform production flow

advantages of work study

Job satisfaction and job security to worker

advantages of work study

Reduction in unit cost of production

advantages of work study

Quality products to consumers

advantages of work study

Fast delivery schedule

advantages of work study

Harmonious employer employee relation

advantages of work study

Better service to customers

advantages of work study

Is to obtain facts and to use those facts as a means of improvement

purpose of work study

Consequently, work study may be regarded principally as a procedure for determining the truth about the activities existing people and existing plant and equipment as a means of improvement of those activities

purpose of work study

It will provide the means of achieving higher productive efficiency under prevailing circumstances

purpose of work study

To improve methods of production

method study

To assess human effectiveness

work measurement

Two types of work study

method study and work measurement

Resulting in more effective use of materials plant and equipment and human resources

method study

Baking possible improved planning and control staffing levels and as a basis for sound incentive schemes

work measurement

The determination of a particular work or job of production

method study

It helps the current method of production

method study

Work measurement is also called as

time study

Time study is also called as

work measurement

Is the determination of time allotted to worker to finish a certain job, defines level of performance

time study

Select the procedure to analyze Record the information Examination of collect data Modification and improvement in current data Installation of new method Periodic verification of method

procedure of method study

Select the procedure to be analyzed Divide the selected procedure into small work elements Record information or data of those small work elements Examination of collected data Measurement of work wrt time of work element Modification in current measurement Installation of new method Convert the work content into standard time

procedure of time study

The ______ among teams may be a simple as one operator handling apart to another or as complex as a cardiovascular surgical theme of doctors nurses anesthesiologist operator of an artificial heart machine

degree of interaction

Is useful in plotting each individuals activities on a time scale similar to that of the worker-machine chart

an activity or gantt process chart

Is usually employed to trace the interaction of a number of workers with machines in a specified operating cycle to find the best combination of workers and machines

gantt process chart

Is less restrictive and maybe used to follow the interaction of any group of operators with or without equipment being involved

activity chart

Such charts are often used to study and define each operation in an ongoing repetitive process and they are extremely valuable and developing a standardized procedure of a specific task

activity chart

The fundamental purpose of ______ is to set time standards for a job

work measurement

All scheduling approaches require some estimate of how much time it takes to do the work being scheduled

the schedule work and allocate capacity

The schedule work and allocate capacity To provide an objective basis for motivating the workforce and measuring workers performance The bed for new contracts and to evaluate performance on existing ones To provide benchmarks for improvement

work measurement and standards

Measured standards are particularly critical where output based incentive plans are employed

to provide an objective basis for motivating the workforce and measuring workers performance

Questions such as "can we do it?" and "how are we doing?" presume the existence of standards

to bed for new contracts and to evaluate performance on existing ones

In addition to internal evaluation benchmarking themes regularly compare work standards and their company with those of similar jobs in other organizations

to provide benchmarks for improvement

Work measurement and its resulting work standards have been controversial since_____ time

taylors

There is also the argument that workers who find a better way of doing the job get penalized by having a revised rate set which is commonly called

rate cutting

Argue that work standards and quotas inhibit process improvement and tent to focus the workers efforts on speed rather than quality

w edwards deming

Despite criticism these have proved effective and much depends on social technical aspects of the work

work measurement and standards

There are two common techniques for measuring work and setting standards

time study and work sampling

Highly detailed repetitive work usually calls for this type of analysis

time study

When work is in frequent or entails along cycle this is the tool of choice

work sampling

Is generally made with a stopwatch either on the spot or by analyzing a video tape for the job

time study

The job or task to be studied is separated into measurable parts or elements and each element is timed individually

time study

The application of a rating factor gives what is called a

normal time

Normal time formula

observe performance time per unit × performance rating

Operator is observed for a period of time and the number of units produced during the time along with the performance rating gives this type of normal time formula

normal time = (time worked/number of units produced) × performance rating

Is derived by adding to normal time allowances for personal needs such as breaks or work delays

standard time

Standard time formula

standard time = normal time + (ALLOWANCES × normal time)

Business Finance

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