Business Finance

通報

問題一覧

most of activities that we do concerning money spending deals with

finance

the science and art of managing money

finance

types of investments

insurance foreign bonds personal mutual funds real estate stocks gold

it deals with how much of their earnings they spend

finance

it deals with how much they have

finance

it deals with how they invest their savings

finance

it deals with how they raise additional funds

finance

the two types of corporation

privately owned and publicly owned

you can be a part of a _____ by buying STOCKS OR SHARES

CORPORATION

you can be a part of a CORPORATION by buying _____

STOCKS OR SHARES

the overall objective of a shareholder should be

wealth maximization

factors that influence market price and wealth maximization

profitability good liquidity dividends competent management good corporate plan

who are the owners of the corporation structure

shareholders and board of directors

who are the managers of the corporate structure

president or ceo vp for marketing vp for finance vp for production vp for marketing

what are the functions of vp for finance

financing decisions, investing decisions, operating decisions, and dividend policies

the role of the financial manager is to determine the appropriate ______ of the company

capital structure

it refers to how much of your total assets is financed by DEBT and how much is financed by EQUITY

capital structure

what are the two types of debt financing

short term and long term

most of the things are activities that you do concerning how you spend your money do you should FINANCE, to be specific, it's called _______

budgeting

what are the forms of business organizations

sole proprietorship partnership corporation

a business owned by one person and operated for his or her own profit

sole proprietorship

a business owned by two or more people and operated for profit

partnership

an entity created by law owned by shareholders

corporation

how can you be a shareholder or stockholder of a corporation?

by buying stocks or shares

corporations that are often owned by family members who stocks may not be offered to outsiders unless consent by the family members is secure

privately owned corporation

companies that are owned by unrelated investors and are traded in organized exchanges like the PHILIPPINE STOCK EXCHANGE

publicly owned corporation

factors that influence market price of shares and wealth maximization: CONTROLLABLE BY MANAGEMENT

profitability having a good liquidity and receivable leverage position dividends competent management which affects the company's operating efficiency coming up with corporate plants that improve the business prospects of the company

factors that influence market price of shares and wealth maximization: UNCONTROLLABLE BY MANAGEMENT

macroeconomic conditions political stability prospects of the industry where the company operates general market sentiment flow of foreign funds invested in the philippines stock market

factors that influence market price and wealth maximization

profitability liquidity and leverage dividends competent manager corporate plans that improve the business prospects

a measure of the financial performance of a company for a period of time

profitability

it is a major driver for increasing the value of stock

profitability

refers to the company's management of the type and amount of assets and liabilities that it will hold in the course of its operations

liquidity and leverage

holders of shares receive dividends from a corporation as returns and their investments and form of cash or other properties that's why companies which have better dividend policies are generally more attractive than companies to do not pay out dividends

dividends

a competent manager must have any of the following attributes

1. visionary 2. decisive 3. people-oriented 4. inspiring 5. innovative 6. respected 7. experienced/seasoned manager

these factors influences the general reaction of investors in making an investment decision

external factors

these factors are result of the environment a company operates in, rather than the decisions of the company's management

external factors

two types of factors that influence market price and wealth maximization

controllable by management and uncontrollable external factors

deals with decisions that i supposed to maximize the value of shareholder's wealth

financial management

the goal of this is to maximize the value of shares of stocks

financial management

are responsible for making the decisions for the company that would lead to wards shareholders' wealth maximization

financial managers

every problems encountered must be dealt with having shareholders wealth maximization in mind

chief financial officer (cfo) or financial manager

function of financial managers

1. financing decisions 2. investing decisions 3. operating decisions 4. dividend policies

include making decisions as to how to finance long-term investments and working capital which deals with the day-to-day operations of the company

financing decisions and investing decisions

deals with the daily operations of the company especially on how the finance working capital accounts such as accounts receivable and inventory

operating decisions

is a part of profits that are available for distribution to equity shareholders

dividend

the finance manager must decide whether the firm should distribute all the profits or retain them or distribute a portion and retain the balance

dividend policies

recite the corporate organizational structure

shareholder elects board of directors board of directors appoints president or ceo under president are: vp for marketing vp for finance vp for production vp for administration

elect the board of directors or BOD, each share held is equal to 1 voting right

shareholders

is the highest policy making body in a corporation

board of directors

since they are elected by the shareholders, their responsibility is to carry out the objectives of the shareholders

board of directors

setting policies on investments , capital structure , and dividend policies

responsibilities of the board of directors

approving company strategies , goals , and budgets

responsibilities of the board of directors

appointing and removing members of the top management including the president

responsibilities of the board of directors

approving the information and other disclosures reported in the financial statements

responsibilities of the board of directors

president is also called as

chief executive officer

overseeing the operations of a company and ensuring that the strategies as approved by the board are implemented as planned

president or ceo

performing all areas of management: planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling

president or ceo

representing the company and professional , social , and civic activities

president or ceo

formulating marketing strategies and plans

vp for marketing

directing and coordinating company sales

vp for marketing

performing market and competitor analysis

vp for marketing

analyzing and evaluating the effectiveness and cost of marketing methods applied

vp for marketing

conducting or directing research that will allow the company identify new marketing opportunities, for example of variance of the existing products or services already offered in the market

vp for marketing

promoting good relationships with customers and distributors

vp for marketing

ensuring production needs customer demands

vp for production

identifying production technology our process that minimizes production costs and make the company cost competitive

vp for production

coming up with the production plan that maximizes the utilization of the company's production facilities

vp for production

identifying adequate and cheap raw materials supplier

vp for production

coordinating the functions of administration , finance , and marketing departments

vp for administration

assisting other departments in hiring employees

vp for administration

providing assistance in payroll preparation , payment offenders , and collection of receivables

vp for administration

determining the location and the maximum amount of office space needed by the company

vp for administration

identifying means , processes , or systems that will minimize the administrative and operating costs of the country

vp for administration

their role is to determine the appropriate capital structure of the company

financial manager

refers to how much of your total assets is financed by debt and how much is financed by equity

capital structure

what are the two investments through debt financing

short term investment and long term investment

the plan for this, the Financial Manager should be able to make use of _______ such as BUDGETING and FORECASTING

FINANCIAL PLANNING TOOLS

the plan for this, the Financial Manager should be able to make use of FINANCIAL PLANNING TOOLS such as ______ and _______

BUDGETING FORECASTING

are those that will be payable in at most 12 months

short term investment

this investment have interest rate which is generally lower as compared to that of long-term loans

short term investment

post a trade-off between profitability and liquidity risk, because this source what years in a short period, there is a possibility that the company may not be able to obtain enough cash to pay their obligation

short term investment

prepare a ______ to determine if the long term investment will be profitable

CAPITAL BUDGETING ANALYSIS

this investment mature in longer periods

long term investment

since this will be paid much later, the lenders expect more risk and place a higher interest rate which makes the cost higher

long term investment

risk that the company will fail to pay its short term obligations

liquidity risk

risk that you will not be able to sell investments in financial assets immediately

liquidity risk

types of financial managers

controller credit managers cash managers risk managers Insurance managers

direct the preparation of financial reports that summarize and forecast the organizations financial position, such as income statements, balance sheets and analysis of future earnings or expenses

controller

oversee the firm's credit business , they set credit rating criteria, determine credit ceilings and monitor the collections of past due accounts

credit managers

monitor and control the flow of cash that comes and goes out of the company to meet the company's business and investment needs

cash manager

control financial risk by using hedging and other strategies to limit or offset the probability of a financial loss or a company's exposure to financial uncertainty

risk managers

decide how best to limit a company's losses by obtaining insurance against risks such as the need to make disability payments for an employee to get hurt on the job or costs imposed by a lawsuit against the company

insurance managers

two conditions must exist to declare cash dividends

1. the company must have enough retained earnings (accumulated profits) to support cash dividend declaration 2. the company must have cash

important skills for financial managers

analytical skills communication attention to detail math skills (business math) organizational skills

is a system that allows the exchange of funds between lenders , investors and borrowers

financial system

if A knows that B is a needs of funds or if B knows that A is willing to invest funds, A and B may agree to make a _______

PRIVATE PLACEMENT

kabalo asa nalagpot ang kwarta

direct finance

wala kabalo asa nalagpot ang kwarta

indirect finance

financial markets examples:

stock market bond market real estate market

100

financial intermediaries or financial institutions example:

commercial banks insurance companies management investment companies savings and loans brokerage credit unions investment banks shadow banks investment companies non bank financial institutions

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