immunology

55問 • 1年前

通報

問題一覧

Opsonization is

coating of a bacterium with antibody to make it more susceptible to phagocytosis

Characteristics of opsonization:

Process promoting phagocytosis

Which FALSE

opsonized ag is destroyed by NK cells

Belongs to the cellular components of the natural immune system only:

dendritic cell

Belongs only to the cellular components of the adaptive immune system:

CD8+ T lymphocyte

Immune reactions are sensitive since:

Amplifying mechanisms operate in immune activations

The secondary immune response has

Shorter latency and higher amplitude

The reaction of the immune system to the “non-self” antigens is

Can be ignorance

CD antigens are

differentiation Ag

CD3 is specific of

The antigen is

All substances provoking immune response

What kind of chemical substances can be antigens for the human immune system?

nucleic acids, carbohydrates, lipids, proteins

Antigens such as proteins have several different sites that can react with antibodies. These sites are called

epitope

Alternative name of antigen determinant

epitope

What is an epitope?

Those regions of the antigens, which are recognized by TCR or BCR.

Antigens such as proteins have several different sites that can at as antibodies. They are called:

Epitope

Which marker or markers could be used to specifically identify B cells by FACS?

CD 19 and CD 20

Markers for helper T cells:

CD3, CD4

immune complex consits of () plus ()

antigen antibody

What happens if the bone marrow does not function?

There is a drop in the number of circulating blood cells (pancytopenia) with extensive and recurrent infections

What happens in athe thymus of an infants is removed surgically (e.g. during cardiac surgery)?

It may influence the peripheral T cell populations and may result in premature immune aging

What can be the consequence of the removal of a lymph node?

Lymhodema may develop because of the defective lymphatic drainage

What can be the consequence of the removal of the spleen?

Predisposition to infections by encapsulated bacteria, because of the lack of memory cells

What can be the consequence of the removal of tonsils?

It has no immediate consequence

Approximately what percentage of recirculating lymphocytes reacts with a given antigen?

< 0.01%

Which of the following actually kills invading microbes?

lysozymes, stomach acid, intestinal enzymes

What is characteristic for lysozyme?

It is present in tears, saliva and mucus, It takes part in the oxidative killing pathway by which pathogenic bacteria ban be killed, It is an enzyme that breaks down hydrogen peroxide

False about dendritic cells

their immature form is found in bone marrow

Antibodies in the organism

In blood plasma, in lymph, on B cell surfaces

The antibody:

can opsonize, since it promotes phagocytosis

Antibodies (Igs) ...

tag antigens for destruction and removal.

Not true for the antibodies:

The isotype of antibodies are determined by their light chain.

Which IL for homing process

Main biological function of IL-2 on T cells:

Growth factor

The most important effect of IL-2:

Induces T cell proliferation

Marker of T-cell activation:

IL-2 R

Which of the following secrete IL-4 ?

Inhibits the cellular immune response: IL-

Mutual inhibitors

IFN-g and IL-4

Elevates in APR:IL

IL6 act mainly

hepatocyte

Role of IL-6 in B cell maturation:

Terminal differentiation if B cell maturates to plasma cell

The plasma cells receive the following signal(s) to survive in the bone marrow: IL

Identify the cytokine that is responsible for the development of the B cell in the bone marrow. In its absence, B cells cannot develop. IL

Chemotactic substance:IL

Which of the following induce the differentiation of Th17 cells? IL

The natural autoantibodies are

Low affinity, cross-reacting autoantibodies

the role of the liver in embryo

Source of bone marrow stem cells

The paracortical region of the lymph node comprises mainly:

Which cells dominate in the follicles of lymph nodes?

Which of the following is a feature of the NK cells?

They kill virally infected cells by a perforin/granzyme dependent mechanism

One of the killing agents produced by NK cells is:

Perforin

“Homing” receptors:

Are found on the surface of lymphocytes

Naïve lymphocytes enter the lymph nodes:

Anytime, though the HEV

Extravasation of lymphocytes

Process helped by diverse adhesive proteins

Week3-4

Week3-4

Weekly2

Weekly2

Weekly2-2

Weekly2-2

Weekly2-3

Weekly2-3

Weekly3

Weekly3

Weekly3-2

Weekly3-2

Weekly3-3

Weekly3-3

Weekly3-4 Viscerosensory

n · 34問 · 2年前

Weekly3-4 Viscerosensory

34問 • 2年前

Week6-skeletal muscle

n · 10問 · 2年前

Week6-skeletal muscle

Week6- Heart

Week6- Heart

Weekly4-1

Weekly4-1

Week9

Week9

⭐️Parameters

⭐️Parameters

DNA

DNA

RNA

RNA

Week11

Week11

Week12

Week12

Week13

Week13

week1

week1

genetics quiz

genetics quiz

genetics mcq

genetics mcq

genetics2

genetics2

Week2

Week2

Immunology final

Immunology final

Week3

Week3

Week3-4 Thyroid

Week3-4 Thyroid

general

general

general2

general2

Week4-body

Week4-body

Week4-Caicium, bone

Week4-Caicium, bone

Week5,6-sexual

Week5,6-sexual

Internal Metabolism

Internal Metabolism

cell cycle

cell cycle

mid1?

mid1?

mid2

mid2

Week8

Week8

sensory

sensory

nerve

nerve

genetic3

genetic3

gene4

gene4

Week12

Week12

Week13

Week13

week11

week11

Midterm pp

Midterm pp

Midterm1-2

Midterm1-2

Mid2-1

Mid2-1

Minimum-mycology

Minimum-mycology

Minimum-virology

Minimum-virology

Minimum-general

Minimum-general

Minimum-systemic

Minimum-systemic

Mid2-2

Mid2-2

Mod2-3

Mod2-3

Minimum-systemic2

Minimum-systemic2

Minimum-parasitology

Minimum-parasitology

問題一覧

Opsonization is

coating of a bacterium with antibody to make it more susceptible to phagocytosis

Characteristics of opsonization:

Process promoting phagocytosis

Which FALSE

opsonized ag is destroyed by NK cells

Belongs to the cellular components of the natural immune system only:

dendritic cell

Belongs only to the cellular components of the adaptive immune system:

CD8+ T lymphocyte

Immune reactions are sensitive since:

Amplifying mechanisms operate in immune activations

The secondary immune response has

Shorter latency and higher amplitude

The reaction of the immune system to the “non-self” antigens is

Can be ignorance

CD antigens are

differentiation Ag

CD3 is specific of

The antigen is

All substances provoking immune response

What kind of chemical substances can be antigens for the human immune system?

nucleic acids, carbohydrates, lipids, proteins

Antigens such as proteins have several different sites that can react with antibodies. These sites are called

epitope

Alternative name of antigen determinant

epitope

What is an epitope?

Those regions of the antigens, which are recognized by TCR or BCR.

Antigens such as proteins have several different sites that can at as antibodies. They are called:

Epitope

Which marker or markers could be used to specifically identify B cells by FACS?

CD 19 and CD 20

Markers for helper T cells:

CD3, CD4

immune complex consits of () plus ()

antigen antibody

What happens if the bone marrow does not function?

There is a drop in the number of circulating blood cells (pancytopenia) with extensive and recurrent infections

What happens in athe thymus of an infants is removed surgically (e.g. during cardiac surgery)?

It may influence the peripheral T cell populations and may result in premature immune aging

What can be the consequence of the removal of a lymph node?

Lymhodema may develop because of the defective lymphatic drainage

What can be the consequence of the removal of the spleen?

Predisposition to infections by encapsulated bacteria, because of the lack of memory cells

What can be the consequence of the removal of tonsils?

It has no immediate consequence

Approximately what percentage of recirculating lymphocytes reacts with a given antigen?

< 0.01%

Which of the following actually kills invading microbes?

lysozymes, stomach acid, intestinal enzymes

What is characteristic for lysozyme?

It is present in tears, saliva and mucus, It takes part in the oxidative killing pathway by which pathogenic bacteria ban be killed, It is an enzyme that breaks down hydrogen peroxide

False about dendritic cells

their immature form is found in bone marrow

Antibodies in the organism

In blood plasma, in lymph, on B cell surfaces

The antibody:

can opsonize, since it promotes phagocytosis

Antibodies (Igs) ...

tag antigens for destruction and removal.

Not true for the antibodies:

The isotype of antibodies are determined by their light chain.

Which IL for homing process

Main biological function of IL-2 on T cells:

Growth factor

The most important effect of IL-2:

Induces T cell proliferation

Marker of T-cell activation:

IL-2 R

Which of the following secrete IL-4 ?

Inhibits the cellular immune response: IL-

Mutual inhibitors

IFN-g and IL-4

Elevates in APR:IL

IL6 act mainly

hepatocyte

Role of IL-6 in B cell maturation:

Terminal differentiation if B cell maturates to plasma cell

The plasma cells receive the following signal(s) to survive in the bone marrow: IL

Identify the cytokine that is responsible for the development of the B cell in the bone marrow. In its absence, B cells cannot develop. IL

Chemotactic substance:IL

Which of the following induce the differentiation of Th17 cells? IL

The natural autoantibodies are

Low affinity, cross-reacting autoantibodies

the role of the liver in embryo

Source of bone marrow stem cells

The paracortical region of the lymph node comprises mainly:

Which cells dominate in the follicles of lymph nodes?

Which of the following is a feature of the NK cells?

They kill virally infected cells by a perforin/granzyme dependent mechanism

One of the killing agents produced by NK cells is:

Perforin

“Homing” receptors:

Are found on the surface of lymphocytes

Naïve lymphocytes enter the lymph nodes:

Anytime, though the HEV

Extravasation of lymphocytes

Process helped by diverse adhesive proteins