Immunology final

99問 • 2年前

通報

問題一覧

Constant region of an antibody is:

The C terminus of heavy chains

Characteristics of opsonization:

Process promoting phagocytosis

During the alternative pathway of complement activation, this factor has NO ROLE:

What is an antigen?

Own or foreign substance provoking immune response

Antibodies in the organism

In blood plasma, in lymph, on B cell surfaces

In patients with deficiency of C6...

The resistance against Neisseria bacteremia decreases

If the levels of C3 and C4b complement proteins decreased, it would refer to:

Classical complement activation

Primary lymphoid organ

bone marrow, thymus

What types of cells are produced in the bone marrow?

Every myeloid and lymphoid cell type

Progenitor cells for monocytes in bone marrow

myeloid cells

True about bone marrow

generation of B cells and myeloid cells take place here

The place of affinity maturation

peripheray

Secondary immune organs are for

antigen recognition and activation of lymphocytes

In which tissues does T cell generation take place?

Thymus

The major site of T cell maturation is

Thymus

Which is not innate immune cells

plasma cells

true statement about the innate immune response

It is a first line defense

It is NOT a feature of innate immunity:

Secondary line of defense

They are professional phagocytes, except

basophils

The phagocytosis

belongs to natural immunity

The process of phagocytosis is directly not involved in

antibody synthesis

receptors involved in the innate response

can discriminate self and nonself

innate immunity is characterized by

involvement of macrophages and NK cells

Main function of neutrophil granulocyte

Phagocytosis

Polymorphonuclear neutrophils attack bacteria:

By phagocytosis

Which cell arrive irstvto the site of infection?

Pmn cells

38. The variable parts of the immunoglobulins are at:

N terminal of the chains

The chain structure of immunoglobulins

covalent tetramer

Types of the light chains of immunoglobulins may be:

Lambda (l) and kappa (k)

Isotype of the immunoglobuline refers to the

The constant region of the heavy chain

Which one of the following is a correct description of the basic symmetric core structure of an IgG antibody?

Two heavy chains and two light chains

_______, differentiated from _______, produce antibodies.

plasma cells; B-cells

What determines the idiotype of an antibody?

The variable domains of the heavy chains and the variable domains of the light chain together.

The antibody's antigen-binding site is formed primarily by:

the hypervariable regions of H and L chains.

changes during isotope switch; () regions of () chains

constant heavy

the Ag binding part of a B cell determines its

idiotype

The class of an immunoglobulin:

is determined by the heavy chain type

Where do we find IDCs in our body? Along the ()sites of microbes

entry

mDCs are in the () immune organs.

secondary

What makes the internal thioester bond accessible in the C4 and C3 molecules?

The cleavage by the C4 and C3 convertases

What is the immunological term for the covalent binding of C4b or C3b to a pathogen surface?

opsonization

Why soluble antibodies do not activate the classical pathway?

Because only the antigen-bound antibody undergoes a conformational change that enables complement activation

Why the natural autoantibodies do not active the complement system?

Because if they bind self antigens, in the meantime there are complement regulatory proteins present on the surface of our own cells

Why do many figures indicate C2aC4b instead of C2bC4b?

It is an old nomenclature

What is the origin of the designation of the complement system?

It is a serum component that complements the bacterium killing activity

Which statements are true for the complement system?

The number of the different types of its proteins > 30, The amount of its proteins is approximately 10% of the total serum proteins

Which immunological molecule category do C1q, MBL and ficolin belong to?

Soluble pattern recognition receptors

How is it possible that IgG, the structure of which is quite different from that of the pentameric IgM, can also activate the classical pathway?

multiple IgGs close to one another collectively enable C1q binding

What happens to the IgM molecule upon binding to the surface of a bacterium?

Instead of a planar state, it undergoes a conformational change and gains a staple form

The accessible thioester bond is only reactive for a couple of milliseconds, and afterwards it undergoes hydrolysis. What is the advantage of this?

This way, C3b and C4b can only bind to the surface in the immediate vicinity of the activating enzyme, and there is no damage to farther structures

Whatbis HLA molecule?

gene producr for human MHC molecules

HLA molecules are important to be typed in the following conditions:

tissue transplantation

Which protein has chemotactic activity and elevates the permeability of the vessels?

C3a

idiotype

Variable epitope of antigen binding surface

Antibodies to streptococcus pyogenes attack certain proteins in the heart valves, causing rheumatic fever. This is an example of:

Cross-reaction

Fc receptor binds

C terminus of IgG

Which part of the IgE antibody is responsible for binding to mast cells and basophils?

Fc region

Activation of the complement system includes

Activation of proteases

CD8+ T cells:

Are also known as cytotoxic T cells, Respond to Ag presented by HLA Class I molecules

Which complement protein is not a common component of the classical and alternative complement activation

The binding of MBL to mannose-containing on mannose-containing molecules on pathogen surface:

Is an example of pattern recognition

The location of MHC in the genome

Became fixed in phylogeny

When the innate immune system encounters a foreign Ag, what cell surface molecule plays the role of recognizing the presence of foreign Ag?

TLR

Biological roles of the complement system

Lysis of bacteria

Which one is not referred to as a professional APC

T, Neutrophil

size of peptide in MHC2

10-24 aa

Main functions of basophil granulocytes

Histamine production

C5B forms a complex with:

C6, C7, C8, C9

Which statements is valid for HEV-s?

They are special postcapillary venules found permanently in lymph nodes and GALT

Defense mechanisms against soluble bacterial toxins

Complement genes in the MHC III region

C2, C4, B

Myeloperoxidase is acting in

Neutrophil granulocyte

Factor involved in mast cell and basophil degranulation:

C3a

The localization of the immune system

is diffuse in the body

clonal selection occurs when the antigen is encountered by a

T cell

What does somatic gene rearrangement result in?

a random combination of the possible VDJ and VJ gene segments

MHC Class I antigen complex recognized by

CD8 (cytotoxic) T cells

Bacteria are recognized by lectins through

Carbohydrates

Immune response against intracellular bacteria is mediated mostly by

Activated macrophages

NOT on the surface of macrophages

CD3 molecule

The number of thymocytes during the maturation

Decreases

Type I hypersensitivity reaction is characterized by:

IgE response related to immediate reactions

Monoclonal antibodies are

Products of artificially fused B cells

IgE

differs from IgG because of its heavy chains

The polypeptide chains in an Ig are held together primarily with:

Disulfide bonds

Which of the following bond is NOT responsible for linking an Ab to its cognate region of an Ag?

Disulfide bonds

The CDR region of an Ab:

Is a hypervariable sequence binding the epitope

Which statement is FALSE ?

Ig is composed of a heavy and a light chain

Fc receptors:

Membrane receptors interacting with IgG Fc region

LigandsforFCγreceptors

C terminus of IgG

High affinity Fce receptors are

On basophil granulocytes and mast cells

Chose the wrong answer. Cells expressing Fce R:

NK cells

determine idiotype

variable regions of light and heavy chains

Object of Ag presentation by CD1:

lipid

Which molecule is involved in the antigen presentation of lipids, CD

all T cell ,CD

The characteristic marker of cytotoxic T cells is: cd

Characteristic marker of B-cell: CD

19 20

CD34

Is a hematopoietic progenitor marker

Week3-4

Week3-4

Weekly2

Weekly2

Weekly2-2

Weekly2-2

Weekly2-3

Weekly2-3

Weekly3

Weekly3

Weekly3-2

Weekly3-2

Weekly3-3

Weekly3-3

Weekly3-4 Viscerosensory

n · 34問 · 2年前

Weekly3-4 Viscerosensory

34問 • 2年前

Week6-skeletal muscle

n · 10問 · 2年前

Week6-skeletal muscle

Week6- Heart

Week6- Heart

Weekly4-1

Weekly4-1

Week9

Week9

⭐️Parameters

⭐️Parameters

DNA

DNA

RNA

RNA

Week11

Week11

Week12

Week12

Week13

Week13

week1

week1

genetics quiz

genetics quiz

genetics mcq

genetics mcq

genetics2

genetics2

Week2

Week2

Week3

Week3

Week3-4 Thyroid

Week3-4 Thyroid

general

general

general2

general2

Week4-body

Week4-body

Week4-Caicium, bone

Week4-Caicium, bone

Week5,6-sexual

Week5,6-sexual

immunology

immunology

Internal Metabolism

Internal Metabolism

cell cycle

cell cycle

mid1?

mid1?

mid2

mid2

Week8

Week8

sensory

sensory

nerve

nerve

genetic3

genetic3

gene4

gene4

Week12

Week12

Week13

Week13

week11

week11

Midterm pp

Midterm pp

Midterm1-2

Midterm1-2

Mid2-1

Mid2-1

Minimum-mycology

Minimum-mycology

Minimum-virology

Minimum-virology

Minimum-general

Minimum-general

Minimum-systemic

Minimum-systemic

Mid2-2

Mid2-2

Mod2-3

Mod2-3

Minimum-systemic2

Minimum-systemic2

Minimum-parasitology

Minimum-parasitology

問題一覧

Constant region of an antibody is:

The C terminus of heavy chains

Characteristics of opsonization:

Process promoting phagocytosis

During the alternative pathway of complement activation, this factor has NO ROLE:

What is an antigen?

Own or foreign substance provoking immune response

Antibodies in the organism

In blood plasma, in lymph, on B cell surfaces

In patients with deficiency of C6...

The resistance against Neisseria bacteremia decreases

If the levels of C3 and C4b complement proteins decreased, it would refer to:

Classical complement activation

Primary lymphoid organ

bone marrow, thymus

What types of cells are produced in the bone marrow?

Every myeloid and lymphoid cell type

Progenitor cells for monocytes in bone marrow

myeloid cells

True about bone marrow

generation of B cells and myeloid cells take place here

The place of affinity maturation

peripheray

Secondary immune organs are for

antigen recognition and activation of lymphocytes

In which tissues does T cell generation take place?

Thymus

The major site of T cell maturation is

Thymus

Which is not innate immune cells

plasma cells

true statement about the innate immune response

It is a first line defense

It is NOT a feature of innate immunity:

Secondary line of defense

They are professional phagocytes, except

basophils

The phagocytosis

belongs to natural immunity

The process of phagocytosis is directly not involved in

antibody synthesis

receptors involved in the innate response

can discriminate self and nonself

innate immunity is characterized by

involvement of macrophages and NK cells

Main function of neutrophil granulocyte

Phagocytosis

Polymorphonuclear neutrophils attack bacteria:

By phagocytosis

Which cell arrive irstvto the site of infection?

Pmn cells

38. The variable parts of the immunoglobulins are at:

N terminal of the chains

The chain structure of immunoglobulins

covalent tetramer

Types of the light chains of immunoglobulins may be:

Lambda (l) and kappa (k)

Isotype of the immunoglobuline refers to the

The constant region of the heavy chain

Which one of the following is a correct description of the basic symmetric core structure of an IgG antibody?

Two heavy chains and two light chains

_______, differentiated from _______, produce antibodies.

plasma cells; B-cells

What determines the idiotype of an antibody?

The variable domains of the heavy chains and the variable domains of the light chain together.

The antibody's antigen-binding site is formed primarily by:

the hypervariable regions of H and L chains.

changes during isotope switch; () regions of () chains

constant heavy

the Ag binding part of a B cell determines its

idiotype

The class of an immunoglobulin:

is determined by the heavy chain type

Where do we find IDCs in our body? Along the ()sites of microbes

entry

mDCs are in the () immune organs.

secondary

What makes the internal thioester bond accessible in the C4 and C3 molecules?

The cleavage by the C4 and C3 convertases

What is the immunological term for the covalent binding of C4b or C3b to a pathogen surface?

opsonization

Why soluble antibodies do not activate the classical pathway?

Because only the antigen-bound antibody undergoes a conformational change that enables complement activation

Why the natural autoantibodies do not active the complement system?

Because if they bind self antigens, in the meantime there are complement regulatory proteins present on the surface of our own cells

Why do many figures indicate C2aC4b instead of C2bC4b?

It is an old nomenclature

What is the origin of the designation of the complement system?

It is a serum component that complements the bacterium killing activity

Which statements are true for the complement system?

The number of the different types of its proteins > 30, The amount of its proteins is approximately 10% of the total serum proteins

Which immunological molecule category do C1q, MBL and ficolin belong to?

Soluble pattern recognition receptors

How is it possible that IgG, the structure of which is quite different from that of the pentameric IgM, can also activate the classical pathway?

multiple IgGs close to one another collectively enable C1q binding

What happens to the IgM molecule upon binding to the surface of a bacterium?

Instead of a planar state, it undergoes a conformational change and gains a staple form

The accessible thioester bond is only reactive for a couple of milliseconds, and afterwards it undergoes hydrolysis. What is the advantage of this?

This way, C3b and C4b can only bind to the surface in the immediate vicinity of the activating enzyme, and there is no damage to farther structures

Whatbis HLA molecule?

gene producr for human MHC molecules

HLA molecules are important to be typed in the following conditions:

tissue transplantation

Which protein has chemotactic activity and elevates the permeability of the vessels?

C3a

idiotype

Variable epitope of antigen binding surface

Antibodies to streptococcus pyogenes attack certain proteins in the heart valves, causing rheumatic fever. This is an example of:

Cross-reaction

Fc receptor binds

C terminus of IgG

Which part of the IgE antibody is responsible for binding to mast cells and basophils?

Fc region

Activation of the complement system includes

Activation of proteases

CD8+ T cells:

Are also known as cytotoxic T cells, Respond to Ag presented by HLA Class I molecules

Which complement protein is not a common component of the classical and alternative complement activation

The binding of MBL to mannose-containing on mannose-containing molecules on pathogen surface:

Is an example of pattern recognition

The location of MHC in the genome

Became fixed in phylogeny

When the innate immune system encounters a foreign Ag, what cell surface molecule plays the role of recognizing the presence of foreign Ag?

TLR

Biological roles of the complement system

Lysis of bacteria

Which one is not referred to as a professional APC

T, Neutrophil

size of peptide in MHC2

10-24 aa

Main functions of basophil granulocytes

Histamine production

C5B forms a complex with:

C6, C7, C8, C9

Which statements is valid for HEV-s?

They are special postcapillary venules found permanently in lymph nodes and GALT

Defense mechanisms against soluble bacterial toxins

Complement genes in the MHC III region

C2, C4, B

Myeloperoxidase is acting in

Neutrophil granulocyte

Factor involved in mast cell and basophil degranulation:

C3a

The localization of the immune system

is diffuse in the body

clonal selection occurs when the antigen is encountered by a

T cell

What does somatic gene rearrangement result in?

a random combination of the possible VDJ and VJ gene segments

MHC Class I antigen complex recognized by

CD8 (cytotoxic) T cells

Bacteria are recognized by lectins through

Carbohydrates

Immune response against intracellular bacteria is mediated mostly by

Activated macrophages

NOT on the surface of macrophages

CD3 molecule

The number of thymocytes during the maturation

Decreases

Type I hypersensitivity reaction is characterized by:

IgE response related to immediate reactions

Monoclonal antibodies are

Products of artificially fused B cells

IgE

differs from IgG because of its heavy chains

The polypeptide chains in an Ig are held together primarily with:

Disulfide bonds

Which of the following bond is NOT responsible for linking an Ab to its cognate region of an Ag?

Disulfide bonds

The CDR region of an Ab:

Is a hypervariable sequence binding the epitope

Which statement is FALSE ?

Ig is composed of a heavy and a light chain

Fc receptors:

Membrane receptors interacting with IgG Fc region

LigandsforFCγreceptors

C terminus of IgG

High affinity Fce receptors are

On basophil granulocytes and mast cells

Chose the wrong answer. Cells expressing Fce R:

NK cells

determine idiotype

variable regions of light and heavy chains

Object of Ag presentation by CD1:

lipid

Which molecule is involved in the antigen presentation of lipids, CD

all T cell ,CD

The characteristic marker of cytotoxic T cells is: cd

Characteristic marker of B-cell: CD

19 20

CD34

Is a hematopoietic progenitor marker