問題一覧
1
activator of insulin secretion
GLP, glucose, aa, glucagon
2
effects of glucagon
increased glucose output from the liver, increased plasma glucose level
3
true about glucagon secretion
stimulated by GH, stimulated by basic aa, hypoglycemia stimulates it
4
catebolic
proteolysis, lipolysis, glycogenolysis
5
glucagon
facilitated by catecholamimes, secreted by the a cell, secretion is stimulated by high levels of plasma aa
6
true about insulin deficiency
can lead to increased protein breakdown in the muscle
7
insulin
promotes growth , activates PDE enzymes, accelerated amino acid transport into the cells, accelerates K transport into the cells
8
anaerobic
protein synthesis, gluconeogenesis, glycogenesis
9
increase plasma glucose level
cortisol, glucagon, GH, epinepjrine
10
IFG: ()-()mM
6.1 7.0
11
after 20 hours of starvation
the liver is the main source of glucose
12
glucose transport is insulin independent in which of the following tissues?
intestine, pancreas beta cells, cornea
13
insulin deficiency may lead to
electrolyte loss, abnormally high plasma glucose, metabolic acidosis, increased rate of glucose filtration in the kidney
14
insulin secretion is stimulated by
aa, epi, GIP, inhibitors of ATP regulated inwardly rectifying K channels
15
during short term fasting
proteolysis is increased, glucagon level is increased, gluconeogenesis is increased
16
response to hypoglicemia
glucagon, epinephrine, GH, cortisol
17
glucagon
stimulates insulin secretion, is produced by pancreatic alpha, stimulates gluconeogenesis and glucose output of the liver, induces its effects via Gs GPCR
18
Which cam enhance the glucagon production
aa, catecholamimes, cortisol
19
epinephrine
increased glucose output from the liver, increased plasma glucose level, increased lactate production from skeletal muscle, liver glycogen is decreased
20
IGT ()mM-()mM
7.8 11.1
21
True about pancreatic beta cells
the closure of KATP channels results in depolarization, depolarization if beta cells induces insulin secretion, glucose enters via GLUT2
22
epinephrine is a potent hyperglycemia agent because of its ablity to
stimulate glucagon synthesis, inhibit insulin secretion, stimulate skeletal muscle glycogenolysis, stimulate hepatic glycogenolysis
23
consume primarily glucose
brain, cornea, testis, RBC
24
increase plasma glucose level
glucagon, GH
25
Glucagon
accelerates the conversion of aa into glucose in the liver, accelerates the conversion of lactic acid into glucose in the liver, accelerates the conversion of glycerol into glucose in the liver
26
metabolic changes in acute stress
plasma glucose level increase, secretion of glucocorticoids is increased, insulin sensitivity decreases
27
precursors for glucose synthesis
aa, glycerol, lactate, G1P, G6P
28
true about diabetes mellitus
type2 diabetes can be treated by increasing insulin secretion of beta cells, type1 diabetes frequently appears prior to age20