問題一覧
1
What are the properties of the cyst?
It is responsible for survival in unfavourable environment, it is a dormant, inactive form.
2
What are the development stages of the protozoa?
Trophozoite and cyst
3
What is the causative agent of the lung fluke disease?
Paragonimus westermani
4
What is the treatment of leishmaniosis?
Stibogluconate in combination with g-IFN and amphotericin-B
5
Which helminths can suck blood?
Ancylostoma duodenale, Necator americanus
6
In which population can Toxoplasma cause serious disease?
In pregnant women and in immunocompromised population
7
What kind of helminthic infection can spread to humans by eating the meat of a carnivore animal?
Trichinella spiralis
8
How can leishmaniasis be diagnosed?
Microscopy of Giemsa-stained of biopsy specimen
9
What is the causative agent of fascioliasis?
Fasciola hepatica
10
What is the treatment of fascioliasis?
bithionol or triclabendazole
11
List two amoebas!
Entamoeba sp., Acantamoeba sp., Naegleria sp.
12
What is the treatment of schistosomiasis?
praziquantel
13
Which helminth can cause itching in the perianal area?
Enterobius vermicularis
14
What is the causative agent of primary amoebic meningoencephalitis?
Naegleria fowleri.
15
How can malaria spread?
By the bite of Anopheles mosquito, transplacental and by transfusion
16
What kind of disease can be caused by Leishmania sp.?
Cutan, mucocutan and visceral leishmaniosis
17
What is the treatment of filariasis?
Diethylcarbamazine
18
How can Chagas disease spread?
By the faeces of the kissing bug during the bite
19
How can Hymenolepis nana infection treated?
Niclosamide
20
What is the most common intermediate host of the flukes?
water snail
21
Classification of the helminths by morphology?
Flatworms: flukes and tapeworms; roundworms
22
How can the protozoa be classified?
By the type of movement: amoeba, ciliate, flagellate and sporozoa
23
What kind of human disease can be caused by Toxocara canis?
visceral larva migrans and ocular larva migrans syndrome
24
Which protozoon can spread by sexual contact?
Trichomonas vaginalis
25
What is the treatment of cryptosporidiosis?
Oral rehydration
26
How can Balantidium coli spread?
By fruits, vegetable contaminated by pig manure or by faeco-oral route
27
Prevention of malaria by chemoprophylaxis?
chloroquine, mefloquine, doxycycline
28
What is the treatment of sleeping sickness?
Suramin, melarsoprol, nifurtimox
29
Which helminth can cause river blindness and elephant skin?
Onchocerca volvulus
30
What can Entamoeba histolytica cause?
amoebic dysentery, liver, lung and brain abscess
31
How can the sleeping sickness spread?
By the bite of tsetse fly
32
Which protozoa can spread by the bite of sandfly?
Leishmania sp.
33
How can the hydatid cysts be treated?
By albendazole or surgical removal
34
What is the causative agent of amoebic dysentery?
Entamoeba histolytica
35
What are the properties of the trophozoite?
It is the active form: it can move, feed, multiply and die
36
Which protozoon can cause prostatitis?
Trichomonas vaginalis
37
Which fluke can live in the bladder venules?
Schistosoma haematobium
38
What are the symptoms of malaria (4 symptoms)?
periodic high fever, chills, headache, pain in joints and muscle, anaemia, hepato-and splenomegaly, kidney failure
39
What is the causative agent of amoebic keratitis?
Acanthamoeba castellanii
40
Which helminth can cause diarrhoea and prolapse of rectum?
Trichuris trichiura
41
What is the treatment of malaria? (2 examples)
Chloroquine, mefloquine and artemisin, hypnozoites by primaquine
42
What are the most characteristic properties of the flukes (3 example)?
they are short, flat, leaf shaped, hermaphrodites,
43
What is the diagnosis of trichinellosis?
Serology from blood
44
Treatment of balantidiasis?
Metronidazole, tetracycline
45
What kind of human diseases can be caused by Taenia solium? (2 examples)
tapeworm infection and cysticercosis
46
What is the causative agent of lymphatic filariasis, elephantiasis?
Wuchereria bancroti
47
What are the symptoms of sleeping sickness?
Lethargy, meningoencephalitis, dementia, coma
48
Which protozoa can cause steatorrhea?
Giardia lamblia
49
How can elephantiasis spread?
By mosquito bite
50
What are the symptoms of balantidiasis?
Diarrhoea and abdominal pain
51
What is the treatment of the infection caused by Ancylostoma and Necator?
mebendazole, albendazole
52
Which helminths can develop hydatid cysts?
Echinococcus granulosus and Echinococcus multilocularis
53
Which flukes can live in the intestinal venules?
Schistosoma mansoni and Schistosoma japonicum
54
What kind of diseases can be caused by Cryptosporidium parvum?
watery diarrhoea which lasts for 1-2 week
55
How can Enterobius vermicularis infection be treated?
Mebendazole
56
What are the symptoms of paragonimiasis?
night sweats, fever, bloody sputum, chest pain
57
What is the treatment of giardiasis?
Metronidazole
58
What is the final host of Toxoplasma gondii?
Cats
59
Which helminth can appear in subconjunctival region?
Loa-loa
60
Which helminth can cause paralytic ileus?
Strongyloides stercoralis
61
Which helminth can cause protein deficiency (Kwashiorkor syndrome)?
Ascaris lumbricoides
62
What is the treatment of taeniasis?
Niclosamide, mebendazole
63
What is the treatment of diphyllobothriasis?
Niclosamide
64
What is the intermediate host of Taenia saginata?
cattle
65
What is the intermediate host of Taenia solium?
pig
66
What is the treatment of paragonimiasis?
praziquantel or bithionol
67
What is the causative agent of Chagas diseases?
Trypansoma cruzi
68
What is the treatment of Chagas disease?
Nifurtimox, the chronic stage is untreatable
69
Which vitamin deficiency can be cause by Diphyllobothrium latum?
The lack of B12 vitamin
70
What is the treatment of the Trichinella infection?
Mebendazole, albendazole,
71
How is malaria diagnosed?
From blood: thick droplet, thin film stained by Giemsa; serology, PCR
72
What are the blood flukes?
Schistosoma mansoni, Schistosoma japonicum, Schistosoma haematobium
73
What are the causative agents of Human African Trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness)?
Trypanosoma brucei gambiense, Trypanosoma brucei rhodensiense
74
What is the causative agent of fish tapeworm disease?
Diphyllobothrium latum
75
What is the treatment of toxoplasmosis?
Spiramycin, pyrimethamine combined with sulphonamide
76
How can Enterobius vermicularis infection be diagnosed?
Microscopy of perianal sample taken by sticky cellulose tape
77
Prevention of malaria by vaccine?
A vaccine containing fusion protein is used for children living in some endemic areas in Africa ( effective against Plasmodium falciparum)