PRELIM

73問 • 1年前

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The branch of chemistry which deals with the application of chemical principles in the solution of problems that arise in connection with the administration of justice

FORENSIC CHEMISTRY

4 Stage in the practice of forensic chemistry

COLLECTION OR RECEPTION OF SPECIMEN TO BE EXAMINE, ACTUAL EXAMINATION, THE COMMUNICATION OF RESULT OF EXAMINATION, COURT APPEARANCE

6 Golden rules in the practice of forensic chemistry

GO SLOWLY, BE THOROUGH, TAKE NOTES, CONSULT OTHERS, USE IMAGINATION, AVOID COMPLICATED THEORIES

A fluid that transport oxygen and nutrients to the cells and carries away carbon dioxide and other waste products

BLOOD

how many percent of plasma does human blood have?

55 PERCENT

how many percent of RBC does human blood have?

41 PERCENTAGE

how many percent of WBC does human blood have?

4 PERCENT

Total CC of blood in human body in litres

1 or 5000000 RED CELLS

Average size of human blood

6 QUARTZ OR 6 LITERS

What is RBC scientific name?

erythrocytes

What is WBC scientific name?

LEUCOCYTES

Formed Elements of bloods

RBC, WBC, PLATELETS, SERUM

cell fragments in the blood that help stop bleeding and form clots.

PLATELETS

Platelets composing about ____ of the total blood volume

65 PERCENT

nourishing skin, helping cells grow, and providing biomarkers for diagnostics and therapeutics.

SERUM

A straw-yellowish liquid can be seen when blood is allowed to clot

SERUM

THE 4 TEST OF BLOOD

PRELIMINARY TEST, CONFIRMATORY TEST, PRECIPITIN TEST, BLOOD GROUPING TEST

In preliminary test a positive result is ___________ that the stain is blood but a negative result is ________ that the stain is not blood.

NOT CONCLUSIVE, CONCLUSIVE

Preliminary Test for blood

BENZIDINE TEST, PENOLPHTHALEIN TEST, GUAIACUM TEST, LEUCOMALACHITE GREEN TEST, HEMASTIX TEST, LUMINOL TEST

is an iron-containing protein in red blood cells that transports oxygen throughout the body.

HEMOGLOBIN

Enumerate the 3 confirmatory test

TEICHMAN TEST, TAKAYAMA TEST, WAGENHAAR TEST

DARK BROWN RHOMBIC CRYSTALS OF HAEMIN OR HAEMATIN CHLORIDE

TAKAYAMA TEST OR HEAMIN CRYSTAL TEST

LARGE RHOMBIC CRYSTALS OF A SALMON-PINK COLOR

TAKAYAMA TEST OR HEAMOCHROMOGEN CRYSTAL TEST

Small dark, circular crystals

WAGENHAAR TEST OR ACETON HEAMATIN

Most delicate and reliable test for presence of blood in both old and recent stains.

SPECTROSCOPIC TEST

Spectroscopic Test uses _________

MICROSPECTROSCOPE

Positive result: _________ for recent blood stain

OXYHEAMOGLOBIN

(a converted oxyhaemoglobin owing to exposure to air and light) in old blood stains

METHAEMOGLOBIN

The formation of gray precipitation ring at the interface of the two layers within 20 minutes indicates that the stain is human blood.

PRECIPITIN TEST

Who discovered A-B-O system

KARL LANDSTEINER

Other bodily fluids are_______

SEMEN, SALIVA, URINE, VAGINAL FLUID OR SUBSTANCES

refers to the fluid produced by the male sex organ.

SEMEN

Enumerate the 2 parts of semen

SEMINAL PLASMA OR FLUID AND SPERMATOZOA OR SPERM CELLS

There are usually __________ to _________ sperm cells per milliliter of semen.

50,000,000 TO 150,000,000

During deterioration the bacteria attacks first the ___, making identification difficult.

TAIL

What is the substance which help give a yellowish color to semen and cause it to fluoresce under ultra-violet lights.

FLAVINS

In cases of rape and other sexual crimes, the _________________ by the attacker on the victim’s body or on clothing or furniture presents another powerful source of evidence.

SEMINAL FLUID

Sperm cell consist what parts?

HEAD, BODY OR NECK, TAIL

It takes around ________ for the sperm to reach maturity.

10 WEEKS

Once the sperm is inside the woman’s body it can live up to ______ or even longer under favorable conditions.

5 DAYS

when spermcell is outside the body, it can only survive from a____________

FEW MINUTE TO SEVERAL HOURS

Types of examination for dried specimen

PHYSICAL EXAMINATION, CHEMICAL EXAMINATION, MICROSCOPIC EXAMINATION

3 Chemical test that can be used for seminal test

FLORENCE TEST, BARBERIO'S TEST, ACID PHOSPHATE TEST

Dark-brown crystals, rhombic or needle-shaped.

FLORENCE TEST

Slender yellow-tinted rhomboid needles with obtuse angles.

BARBERIO'S TEST

Orange-red pigment.

ACID PHOSPHATE TEST

The only specific test for semen is the identification of a sperm cell under a microscope.

MICROSCOPIC TEST

disorder produced by male organ which produces semen without sperm cells

ASPERMIA

a semen with a very few sperm cells.

OLIGOSPERMIA

In the investigation of crimes involving the _______________, law enforcement officers need to know whether a suspect has fired a gun or not and the gunshot range or the approx. distance of the shooter to victim.

USE OF FIREARMS

First invented; consist of a mixture of carbon (charcoal) 15%, sulfur 10%, & potassium or sodium nitrate 75%.

BLACK POWDER

which can be either single based; consisting of nitrocellulose and nitroglycerine (glycerol nitrate).

SMOKELESS

Types of Explosives

MECHANICAL, ATOMIC, CHEMICAL

such as those caused by expansion of gas producing high pressure beyond capacity of the container

MECHANICAL

resulting from atomic transformations.

ATOMIC

produced thru the extremely rapid transformations of the unstable substances accompanied by the formation of heat.

CHEMICAL

are low burning and are used mainly as propellants, like black powder and smokeless powder. Atomic – resulting from atomic transformations.

LOW EXPLOSIVES

are extremely sensitive to detonation by heat, shock friction and impact. They detonate without burning, like lead oxide and mercury fulminate.

PRIMARY OR INITIATING EXPLOSIVES

detonate under the influence of shock of the explosion of a primary explosive

HIGH EXPLOSIVES

the cheapest and most readily available salt of nitric acid.

AMMONIUM NITRATE

the most widely used explosive.

TNT OR TRINITROLUENE

most widely used commercial explosive.

NITROGLYCERINE

considered as one of the most important military explosive used today.

RDX

a plastic explosive which is white and dough like in texture.

is the principal component in the filler used in tear gas solutions.

CHOLOROACETOPHENON

Molotov cocktail which is anincendiary device, acids mixed with gasoline, alcohol and gasoline, etc.

FIRE BOMBS

Classification of Explosives

LOW EXPLOSIVES, PRIMARY OR INITIATING EXPLOSIVES, HIGH EXPLOSIVES, FIRE BOMBS

The process of determining the distance between the firearm and a target, usually based on the distribution of powder patterns or the spread of a shot pattern.

DISTANCE DETERMINATION

Damage (on cloth) is due more to the flame and the muzzle blast than to the penetration of the bullet.

CONTACT WOUNDS

when the gun is held from about 2 inches to a maximum of 8 inches. Smoke & soot is deposited around the hole of entrance producing a dirty, grimy appearance. Individual specks of tattooing around the hole are visible with the naked eye.

2 TO 36 INCHES

What distance is partially burned and unburned powder particles are driven into the surface around the gunshot hole producing a black coarsely peppered pattern called tattooing.

2 TO 36 INCHES

What distance where powder tattooing is seldom seen. Nitrate particles may be present.

DISTANCE MORE THAN 36 INCHES

This is test o determine whether a person has fired a gun

PARAFFIN DIPHENYLAMINE TEST

CLJ1 FINALS

Adrian Ramirez · 95問 · 2年前

CLJ1 FINALS