Contusion depends on.....

Extraversion of blood in a newly formed cavity

Stimuli that propduce physical injuries:

tearing or rupture of muscle fibers or over stretching

injury involving a greater area beyond the site of the application of force.

In all forms of physical injuries, the offender must _______________________

Special Types of Wound

When there's no breach of continuity of skin or mucous membrane.

Involuntary spasmodic painful contraction of muscles Due to dehydration and excessive loss of chlorides by sweating

Evidence to show that the wound is homicidal:

An injury of the substance of the skin, discoloration of the surface due to extraversion of blood. This is due to application of blunt instruments.

the jarring of the brain leading to some commotion of the cerebral substance

closing mouth and nostrils by solid objects

Types of Abrasion

When there is a communication with the outside or break in the skin or mucous membrane

injury found both at the site or opposite the site of the application of the force but in some areas offering least resistance to the force applied.

An open wound that characterized by the removal of the epithelial layer of the skin or brought about by the friction against hard, rough object.

When injuries do not require medical attention or do not prevent the victim from engaging in their habitual work

Involes the removal or amputation of body parts, which may include castration or other organs.

Evidence to show that the wound is accidental:

is caused by deprivation of oxygen either due to lack of oxygen in environment or from obstruction of air passages. In general it indicates asphyxia.

the injuries are on the opposite side from where the blow was initiated.

Covers cases where one person wounds, beats, or assault another resulting in injuries that may lead to insanity, imbecility, impotence, blindness, loss of speech or hearing, loss of an eye, hand, foot, arm, leg, or similar incapacitations.

wounds capable of causing death

Wounds that do not endanger one’s life

solution of continuity of bone resulting from violence or some existing pathology.

Refers toharm inflicted on bodily tissue to the extent that the tissue requires a healing process to return to a healthy condition

produced by forcible contact on the body by sharp edge instrument.

caused by dry heat by the application of heat or chemical substances, produced by fire, radiant heat, solid substances, fire, friction and electricity

Anything that applied in the body produces reaction in varying degrees

Is a condition wherein there is interference in the process of respiration resulting to impairment of normal exchange of the respiratory gases where by the supply of oxygen to the blood and tissue has been reduced below the normal level.

A form of strangulation wherein the assailant stands at the back of the victim and forearm is applied in front of the neck.

Cutting-off part of the body

is a state of injury or death of the body whereby the ligature tightened around the neck by the suspension of the body.

penetration of a sharp pointed weapon

Shaped by the instrument or object reflecting on the body, like tire marks or radiator prints.

Types of Burn

Characteristics between gunshot of entrance and exit

Pertains to injuries that incapabilities the victim for 10 or more days but less 30 days. When commited with manifest intent, insult, or offend the injured person or under circumstance adding ignominy to the offense, a fine may also be imposed

intracranial, rupture of organs, or laceration of organs

Heart failure primarily caused by heat and precipitated by muscular exertion and warm clothing

almost indistinguishable due to severity of friction and roughness of the object

soft tissue injury where a flap of tissue has been removed or is barely attached.

A form of strangulation where by the hands are used in applying pressure to the neck and obstructing the air passage.

Resulting from instinctive self-protection reactions, including contusions or incised wound.

refer to an injury of the bone where a tendon or ligament has been ripped away from its insertion point.

Is a form of hematoma only that the extent of extraversion of blood is wider but thiner

Are pinpoint, round spots that appear on the skin as a result of bleeding.

signifies that the injuries are located beneath the impact (usually caused by blow)

damage to the brain on both sides

Strangulation by ligature is usually homicidal and is done by tying the ligature around the neck and the two ends pulled in the opposite direction in such a manner that tightens the ligature.

2 types of gunshot wounds

type of suffocation induced by the submersion of the mouth and nose in a liquid.

Types of hanging

Forms of abrasion

A form of strangulation wherein metal collar or strap is placed around the neck.

produced by the forcible application and penetration of a sharp edged and sharp pointed instrument.

Musco-eskeletal injuries

several abrasion noted on the body surface of a person.

caused by hot liquid near boiling point, or in its gaseous state; term applies to tissue destruction by moist heat

Change in the color contusion:

are the action strong acids, alkaline and other irritant chemicals

happen when something blocks a person's airway and prevents breathing

tearing of the skin due to forcible contact of a blunt instrument.