問題一覧
1
What are under cholinergic agonist
Direct acting , Indirect acting
2
What are under direct acting
Choline ester, Alkaloids
3
What are under indirect acting
Reversible , Irreversible
4
What are under choline ester
Acetylcholine , Metacholine , Carbachol , Betanechol
5
What are under alkaloids
Pilocarpine , Muscarine, Nicotine , Arecholine, Varenecline
6
What are under reversible
Quaternary alcohol , Carbamates
7
What are under quaternary alcohol
Edrophonium
8
What are under carbamates
Neostigmine , TDGR, Demecarium, Ambenonium, Physostigmine
9
What is under irreversible
Organophosphate
10
What are under organophosphate
Parathion , Nerve gases, Ecothiophate, Malathion
11
Raidly hydrolyzed and. A quaternary ammonium compounds cannot penetrate
Acetylcholine.
12
more resistant to enzymatic hydrolysis than ACh.
Methacholine.
13
What is the generic name of methacholine
Mecholyl.
14
Methacholine mecholyl pharmaceutical action is?
Muscarinic actions =Ach. , Clinical Use: not used clinically, No nicotinic actions
15
very potent choline ester having both muscarinic and nicotinic effects
Carbachol.
16
Pharmacological action of carbachol
Act predominabntly on GIT, UB , For Glaucoma, nicotinic actions>Muscarinic actions :
17
Not hydrolyzed by cholinesterases
Betanechol, Methacholine
18
What is the generic name of betanchol
Urecholine
19
Pharmacological action of betanechol
Act predominabntly on GIT, UB. , No nicotinic actions
20
What is the uses of betanechol
Gastric retention , Postoperative abdominal distention, Nonobstructive urinary retention , Prevention of paralytic ileus
21
Tertiary amine and well absorbed orally
Alkaloids
22
Stimulate receptors of acetylcholine.
Alkaloids.
23
From leaves of jaborandi
Pilocarpine.
24
Has a muscarinic action similar to ACH
Pilocarpine, Muscarine
25
For mushrooms poisoning
Muscarinic
26
Chronic nicotinic toxicity
Nicotine.
27
Smoking sensation
Nicorrete gum or patch
28
What is the plant sources or nicotine
Nicotiana tabacum
29
Respiratory paralyzed
Nicotine.
30
from Areca nut
Arecoline.
31
dont form a covalent bond and a short acting
Quaternary alcohol
32
An autoimmune disease
Myasthenia gravis
33
Short acting and test used for myasthenia gravis.
Endophonium.
34
endophonium also know as?
Tensilon.
35
Long acting for about 2-3 hours.
Carbamates
36
What is the brand name of physostigmine
Eserine.
37
Attach to the ACHE enzyme and are only slowly hydrolyzed.
Reversible inhibitor
38
Reacts to form a stable, phosphorylated enzyme, which is essentially not hydrolyzed.
Irreversible inhibitor
39
can cross BBB
Physostigmine
40
What is the pharmacologic effect of physostigmine
Opthalmic , poisoning anticholinergic agent
41
Cannot cross BBB
Neostigmine
42
What is the generic name of neostigmine
Prostigmine.
43
What is the pharmacology action of neostigmine
Post operative ileus, Urinary retention , Reverse Vms Block, Myasthenia gravis
44
diagnosis of Myasthenia gravis
Endophonium
45
What is yhe generic name of pyridostigmine
Mestinon
46
What is the generic name of Ambenonium
Mytelase.
47
Muscle weakness & fatigue people with myasthenia gravis
Ambenonium
48
What is yhe generic name of demecarium
Humorsol.
49
Used for ophthalmic solution
Demecarium
50
Treat glaucoma by decreasing the pressure inside the eye
Demecarium.
51
Drugs that can treat Myasthenia gravis
Ambenonium., Neostignine
52
Capable to increase the acetylcholine level in body
Indirect
53
Directly bind to antagonist
Direct
54
Not intend to use for industrial purposes and only for Biological weapon
Irreversible.
55
What are under of choline este that is resistance in nicotinic and muscarinic
Betanchol, Methacholine
56
Use for diagnostic for provocation testing/ Diagnostic asthma
Methacholine.
57
In Alkaloids what is the only drug for glaucoma
Pilocarpine
58
Agonist dont stimulate and bond
Indirect acting
59
It only increase the level of acetylcholine by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase
Indirect acting.
60
It decreases. ocular pressure = Increase the drainage aqueous
Miosis
61
What are the drugs used for glaucoma
Demecarium , Pilocarpine , Ecothiophate, Carbachol
62
What are drugs used for the treatment of myasthenia gravis
Neostigmine , Ambenonium, Pyridostigmine.
63
What are under organoleptic used as insecticide
Parathion , Malathion
64
Found in stomach and acud secretion
M1
65
Bradycardia/ lower heart rate
M2
66
Smooth muscle like pupil and bronchioles
M3
67
Uptake of choline or vesicles
Hemicholinium
68
Lowers / Decrease acetylcholine level
Vesamicol.
69
What is the rate limiting step in SNS
Metyrosin
70
What is the rate limiting step in PNS
Hemicholinium
71
What is the inhibitor of vesicles in SNS
Reserpine
72
What is the inhibitor of vesicles in PNS
Vesamicol.
73
What is the release inhibitor in SNS
Brethylium
74
What is the release inhibitor in PNS
Botox.
75
management of wrinkles
Butox.
76
Why is in Choline ester betachol and methacholine is resistance in acetylcholinesterase and has a lower nicotinic activity
Presence of methyl substituents in Beta carbon
77
What is the most toxic nerve gas?
Tabuun.
78
Ganglionic blocker can cause?
Antihypertensive , Activates SNS and PNS
79
What is the downside of ganglionic blocker why it is less prescribed
Reverse dumbbells , Adverse effects.
80
Atropine
Hysosyamine
81
Scopolamine
Hyoscine
82
What are medicine used for parkingson
Bensotropine, Biperiden, Trihexyphenidyl.
83
Im what disease does decrease level of dopamine and has a High level of acetylcholine
Parkingson
84
A beta 2 agonist
Salbutamol.
85
What are medicine for bronchial asthma and PUD
Ipratropnium, Oxytropnium., Triotropium.
86
M1 blocker and for P.U.D
Pirenzipine, Telenzipine
87
Used for inflammation
Cyclopenlate