Suspension

What are examples of Ampotheric.

Ca++,Mg++,& Al+++ salts of fatty acids (True/False)

Commercially available as Tween, Myrj, Polysorbate

It is explained as being due to the pressure difference across the curved meniscus of the liquid in the capillary. Hence, the liquid will move up the capillary until the hydrostatic head produced equals the pressure drop across the curve meniscus

Used more as antiseptic

Powder particles in contact.

Liquid surface, body of water exposed to atmosphere.

The principle of this instrument depends on the fact that the force necessary to detach a platinum-iridium ring immersed at the surface or interface is proportional to the surface or interfacial tension.

Aracel 83

is the force per unit length existing at the interface between two immiscible liquid phases, and like surface tension, has the units dynes/cm.

Molecules or ions that are adsorbed at interfaces

Span 40

Span 80

Span 65

Used as antifoaming agents, w/o emulsifying agent and wetting agent

Span 20

Solid surface, table top.

Give 5 examples of non-ionic that most widely used.

most stable; undissociated surfactants; most widely used

HLB: 1-10 lipophilic surfactants (True/False)

Commercially available as Span, Arlacel, Glyceryl monostearate

An alternative term is an amphiphile which suggests that the molecule or ion has a certain affinity for both polar and non polar solvents

Salts formed from fatty acids and an organic amine such as triethanolamine

Span 85

inactivated in the presence of anions; used as preservative for eye drops

HLB: above 10-20 hydrophilic surfactants (True/False)

No interface possible.

Used as o/w emulsifying agent, detergents and solubilizing agent

Acacia (10-20%) , gelatin, lecithin, cholesterol, agar, methylcellulose

Alkali soaps such as K+,Na+ , & NH4 + salts of lauric acid and oleic acid (True/False)

contains both anion and cation

Carbohydtes, Sulfonates, Sulfates

Span 60

Liquid-liquid interface, emulsion.