Infectious disease.

65問 • 2年前

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It is when two organisms live intimatelyclose, typically over longer periods,often measured in generations for atleast one of the organisms

Symbiosis.

If one organism is substantially smaller than the other organism and lives in oron the larger, then the larger organism is referred to as a host and the smaller asa symbiont

Symbiosis.

A symbiosis in which both host and symbiont benefit

Mutualism

A symbiosis in which one of the participants benefits (typically the symbiont) but the other organism neither benefits nor is harmed (typically thehost)

Commensalism.

The third category of symbiosis, is one where the host is harmed while the lsymbiont gains (the latter, e.g. , byhaving a place to live and something toeat) .

Parasitism.

The Normal microbata in humans is there internal organs are usually free of microorganisms (True/False)

True.

But surface tissues have extensive populations of microorganisms

Normal microbiota of humans.

The microbes that normally inhabit a healthy individual’s body are called microbiota or “normal flora”. (True/False)

True.

Microbiota are specialists, able to colonize and survive on human tissue.

Normal microbiota of humans.

Each body region has characteristic flora.

Normal flora.

they are usually harmless and sometimes they are even beneficial.

Normal flora.

Skin is not a great habitat it Dries out, constantly being shed, secretions include fatty acids (True/False)

True.

What is the ph of the skin.

4-6.

What are some skin regions better habitats than others.

Scalp, ears, underarms and anal region.

acnes that can live in sweat glands, hair follicles, so it is not eliminated by washing skin.

Propionibacterium.

expose sa environment, air, different surfaces na hinahawakan natin;

Skin.

first line of defense also largest organ of the human body and it has a large surface area; hindi gaanong mataas ang moisture ng skin.

Skin.

corny layers; top most layer; composed of dead cells na wala ng moisture.

Stratum corneum.

propionibacterium acnes; causative agent of acne; propionic acid na ginagamit natin to lower the ph of our skin is used by them as food.

Cutibacterium acnes.

They love sebum or yung oil na napoproduce sa mukha; usually sa adolescence

Cutibacterium acnes.

primarily on our skin

Staphylococcus epidermis.

can be found in our skin as well as in our nasal area; certain strains of s. aureus has the ability to eat some of our tissue.

Staphylococcus aureus.

Saliva contains lysozymes and other enzymes that kill bacteria (True/False)

True.

Streptococcus mutans and other Streptococcus adheres to teeth, especially gum margins, providing microhabitat for other bacteria to colonize. (True/False)

True.

natutunaw sa acid and dahil doon nagkakaroon ng butas sa ngipin natin dahil sa mga microorganisms kaya nagkakaroon ng oral cavity.

Tooth enamel.

a type of capsule that also allows other microorganisms to proliferate to our mouth; serve as a protection of microorganism.

Biofilm.

Stomach is highly acidic (pH 2-3) and kills most microbes (True/False)

True.

Some bacteria and yeasts can tolerate passage through the stomach; few microorganisms live in the stomach (True/False)

True.

Small intestine has some bacteria, but does not proliferate due to digestive enzymes. (True/False)

True.

As it approach colon, more and more bacteria can be seen, especially Gram-negative Enterobacter. (True/False)

True.

Colon has an enormous bacterial population (1/3 of feces is bacteria) (True/False)

True.

Bacteria in the colon divide every 12-24 hours on average, much slower than laboratory batch culture rates. (True/False)

True.

Upper urinary tract is usually sterile (True/False)

True.

Lower part of urethra gets some bacteria, but frequently "washed out" by urinary flow(True/False)

True.

When washout is reduced, more chances of urinary tract infections (True/False)

True.

Vagina has complex microbiota. After women start periods, glycogen is secreted, and lactic acid bacteria produce lactic acid, maintaining pH ~ 4.5.

Genitourinary tract.

Disease occurs when this balance between the normal flora and the host is upset. (True/False)

True.

An infection that results from a prior infection is called

Secondary infection.

a microorganism that can survive in our stomach

Helicobacter pylori.

main digestion

Small intestine.

gram negative bacilli, rod shaped bacilli that harbors our gastrointestinal.

Eschericia coli.

Sterile

Bladder and urethra.

UTI means?

Urinary Tract Infection.

harmless; di nag cacause ng sakit; can fight off bad bacteria

Good bacteria.

it can kill a lot of groups of microorganism; pinapadami ang normal flora kapag namisuse kaya nag poproduce na ng toxin and nagkakaroon na ng diseases.

Broad spectrum antibiotic.

if one bacteria prevents the growth or kills another form of bacteria.

Antibiosis.

nagiging pathogenic siya kapag umalis siya sa git and napunta siya sa lungs; nagcacause sila ng sakit sa lungs specifically pneumonia.

Klebsiella pneumoniae.

Broad spectrum antibiotic na kapag tinake ay mapapatay ang ibang microorganism maliban sa clostridium difficile and dadami ang clostridium difficile resulting to microbial overgrowth and usually nagkakaroon ng diarrhea and a specific disease pseudomembranous colitis.

Clindamycin.

treatment of pseudomembranous colitis

Vancomycin.

It is the prevention of harmful bacterial growth by a non-harmful bacterium.

Microbial competition.

An organism existing in an area on or in the host fills the area and thus serves to prevent the filling of the same area by a harmful bacterium.

Microbial competition.

Normal microbiota can benefit the host by preventing overgrowth of harmful microorganisms.

Microbial competition.

In other words, the good bacteria help defend against the bad bacteria.

Microbial competition.

Resident microflora are the more-or-less permanent members of normal microflora.

Resident microbiota.

Transient microflora are present only under unusual circumstances and only transiently present (hours to months).

Transient microbiota.

Opportunists are members of the normal microflora that do not usually cause disease but can be pathogenic under certain circumstances

Opportunistic microorganisms.

study of the cause of the disease.

Etiology.

Concerned with etiology as well as structural and functional changes brought about by the disease.

Pathology.

Invasion and colonization of the body by pathogenic microorganisms.

Infection.

it may exist in spite of an absence of detectable disease; so pag may infection tayo basta may bacterial growth, meron tayong infection but not necessarily namay sakit tayo.

Infection.

Occurs when an infection results in any change from a state of health.

Disease.

An abnormal state in which part or all of the body is incapable of performing normal functions.

Disease.

An organism's capacity to cause disease.

Pathogenicity.

The degree of disease an organism has the potential to cause disease.

Virulence.

Growing the pathogen under conditions that decrease its adaptation to growth on a given host will decline the virulence of pathogen (attenuation).

Virulence.

Cell structure.

Quinn Karylle Fuentes · 28問 · 2年前

Cell structure.