Distribution.

Quinn Karylle Fuentes · 28問 · 2年前

通報

問題一覧

transfer of drug from blood to extravascular fluids and tissues by systemic circulation.

Distribution.

70 kg, 5 L of blood, 3 L of plasma.

Circulatory system.

Cardiac Output = 0.08 L/min. x 89 beats/min

Circulatory system.

Generally rapid through fine capillaries; most drugs permeate easily but depends on the physicochemical nature of the drug and the cell membrane (favors lipid-soluble drugs)

Drug distribution.

CNS and muscles; surrounded by lineal cells.

Continuous capillary.

“blood-brain barrier” – thick lipid membrane that prevents absorption of drugs.

Continuous capillary.

glomerular and gut mucosa.

Fenestrated capillary.

Liver and Bone Marrow.

Discontinuous capillary.

Drugs can easily pass through these capillaries.

Discontinuous capillary.

Liver is very permeable and allows passage of high MW molecules. (True/False)

True.

Pressure gradient from arterial end entering the tissue and venous capillaries leaving the tissue

Hydrostatic pressure.

If high, liquid leaves capillaries; if osmotic pressure is higher, liquid enters; if in equilibrium, stays inside capillaries

Hydrostatic pressure.

High pressure at the arterial end of the capillary

Filtration pressure.

Lower pressure of the venous blood compared to tissue fluid.

Absorptive pressure.

Tissue with highest blood flow will rapidly equilibrate with the drug (True/False)

True.

Onset and intensity of drug action is influenced by initial distribution and total dose of drug (True/False)

True.

Rate of free drug that reaches receptor site (MEC)

Onset.

Total drug concentration at receptor and no. of receptor sites

Intensity.

Duration of drug action depends on rate of drug elimination (True/False)

True.

important factor in determining initial distribution of drugs.

Blood flow.

Rate-limiting step in distribution

Blood flow.

What are the Physiologic condition where permeability is altered

Burns and meningitis.

Alter permeability of skin and allow drugs to permeate inward or outward

Burns.

inflammation increases permeability; dangerous

Meningitis.

Depends on blood and tissue affinity (can be reversed.

Drug accumulation.

Accumulates on tissue

High tissue affinity.

Accumulates on lipid tissue

High water partition coefficient.

formation of drug-protein complexes.

Drug protein binding.

weaker bonds like hydrogen or van der waals.

Reversible.

Chemical activation; covalent bonding; accounts for drug toxicity

Irreversible.

Widely distributed group of globular plasma protein (58%) from liver.

Albumin.

Responsible for maintaining osmotic pressure

Albumin.

Elimination half life = 17-18 days; major component responsible for reversible drug binding

Albumin.

Binds basic (cationic) drugs and is highly lipophilic

Amino acid glycoprotein.

what is the leve of plasma in amino acid glycoprotein.

0.4-15.

lipid and protein complexes classifying according to density and separation in centrifuge.

Lipoprotein.

transport of plasma lipids and binding of drugs if the albumin becomes saturated.

Lipoprotein.

Binds both endogenous and exogenous compounds

Erythrocytes.

What is the plasma concentration present in erythrocytes.

45%.

low capacity but high affinity for endogenous substances transport.

Globulins.

Drug is less than the binding capacity of albumin; includes majority of useful clinical agents

Class l.

Drugs exceed the number of binding sites

Class ll.

when class II is administered simultaneously

Displacement of class l drugs.

Cell structure.

Cell structure.

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