Synthetic resins

Tameyra Stefani Al-Suhairy · 44問 · 1年前

通報

問題一覧

The greatest volume of plastics, frequently termed as

polymers

Thermoplastic

Thermoset

a.k.a auto- polymerizing resin, chemically-activated resin that will cure at room temperature

Self-cured resin

conversion of low molecular weight compounds called monomers to high molecular weight compounds called polymers.

Polymerization

molecular fragment with an unpaired electron

Free radical

high molecular network polymer

Cross-linked polymer

consist of two or more different monomers

Copolymers

means to soften

Plasticize

series of chemical reactions by which the macromolecule, or polymer, is formed from large numbers of single molecules known as monomer (meaning one mer / molecule).

Polymerization

consist of very large molecules.

polymers

repetitive intermolecular reaction that is functionally capable of proceeding indefinitely.

Polymerization

Condensation polymerization

Bakelite

Condensation polymerization

condensation resin

Addition polymerization

Vulcanite

Vinyl resin

Polystyrene

Epoxyresins

Polycarbonate resin

Acrylic resins

is a clear transparent liquid at room temperature; highly volatile; light sensitive; boiling pt. at 100.8oC.

Monomer (methyl methacrylate)

transparent or pink resin of remarkable clarity, stability, & does not discolor in ultraviolet light

Polymer Poly(methyl methacrylate)

Components of Powder (Polymer) of acrylic DB material: 8

Poly(methyl methacrylate), Benzoyl peroxide, Ti dioxide, Inorganic pigments, Dyed synthetic fibers, Dibutyl phthalate, Talc or gelatin, Inorganic materials

polymer, is the principal component, and is present as small spheres called beads or pearls

Poly(methyl methacrylate)

as initiator of polymerization when decomposed by heat or chemicals ; a catalyst; about 1%

Benzoyl peroxide

controls translucency of the polymer; increase the opacity until the material has the approximate translucency of the oral mucosa

Ti dioxide

commonly mercuric sulfide (red), cadmium sulfide (yellow) or ferric oxide (brown); added to match the shade of DB to the soft tissues.

Inorganic pigments

for esthetics, to simulate the minute blood vessels underlying the oral mucosa

Dyed synthetic fibers

plasticizer, can be added by ball milling it to the pearls or by adding to the monome

Dibutyl phthalate

prevent cohesion of beads or pearls during storage

Talc or gelatin

zirconium, silicone, or alumina; controls the coefficient of thermal expansion; increases stiffness of resin

Inorganicmaterials

monomer, highly volatile

Methyl methacrylate

an organic inhibitor, less than 0.1%, prevents the monomer from polymerizing during several years of storage; reaction can be initiated by ultraviolet light, therefore dark brown glass bottles are used to filter out this undesirable light

Hydroquinone

cross-linking agent, increases the resistance of the final DB to surface cracks or crazing.

Glycol dimethacrylate

organic accelerator to decompose peroxide at room temperature so that reaction can be carried out without applying heat to the material

Organic amine

Chemically activated / cured Resin

separating medium to prevent the union between investing medium and U & L halves of the metal flask

Colorgard

2 methods are commonly used to remove stains and calculus

Repolishing, Soaking / brushing

Internal porosities

External porosities

Crazing

Fracture

Warpage or distortion

mean changing the whole denture base and could only be done with heat-cured resin to be processed again.

Rebasing denture

could be done with the use of self-curing reline resin.

relining denture

when there is fracture of dentures or in cases where the pontics have been lost,

Repair resins

soft tissue changes, and bone resorption, changes occur. It is often necessary to change the tissue surface of the denture to conform to the new tissue contours and occlusal relationships. Such a readaptation of the denture can be accomplishe

Rebasing /Relining of dentures

made of self- curing acrylic resins

Resin impression trays

fitting, the oral tissues are inflamed, the conditioners inserted in the denture provide a cushioning effect

Tissue conditioners

composition of the powder is generally a poly (ethymethacrylate) while the liquid monomer is as aromatic ester (butyl phthalate butyl glycolate) in an alcohol solvent.

highly-plasticized resin

used in the manufacture of plastic teeth.

Acrylic resin teeth / Pontics

soft cushion-like liner used for patients with severe undercuts of the ridge or for those patients whose residual ridges are continually sore

Soft Liners

Can be classified as long-term (months) or treatment (days) materials. The materials are used at the chairside, and the liner is replaced frequently or before 3 days

Soft Liners

done to remove excess resin from the sides of the processed denture base to avoid injury to the soft tissues.

Trimming

do not allow production of heat, could cause distortion, warpage of denture base.

Polishing

due to the differential thermal contraction of the resin and gypsum mold may result.

warpage

Once cooled down, open metal flask and remove processed denture bases from the investment plaster.

Deflasking

Rapid Curing

Slow Curing

the polymer gradually settles into the monomer and a somewhat fluid mass is formed. Wet all powder with liquid.

Damp sand stage

monomer attacks the polymer, penetrates the covering of the polymer to start reaction. This stage is characterized by a stringiness and adhesiveness if the mixture is touched or pulled apart.

Sticky stage.

The mass becomes more saturated with polymer in solution, it becomes smooth and doughlike. No longer tacky and does not adhere to the walls of the mixing jar. While the mixture is in this stage, it is packed into the mold space.

Dough stage.

The monomer disappears by evaporation, and by further penetration into the polymer. The mass becomes more cohesive and rubber-like. It is no longer plastic, cannot be molded and should not be packed into the mold.

Rubbery Stage.

to prevent the adhesion of resin to the lower mold surface when the two halves of the flask are pressed together

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