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Respiratory
61問 • 1年前
  • Tameyra Stefani Al-Suhairy
    • 通報

    問題一覧

  • 1

    3 Non-selective beta agonists:

    Epinephrine, Isoproterenol, Ephedrine

  • 2

    3 Selective Beta2 agonists

    Short-acting, Long-acting, Ultra-long-acting

  • 3

    Selective Beta2 agonists (short acting ) 5

    Albuterol, Terbutaline, Metaproterenol, Levalbuterol, Pirbuterol

  • 4

    Selective Beta2 agonists (long acting ) 2

    Salmeterol, Formoterol

  • 5

    Selective Beta2 agonists (ultra long acting ) 4

    Indacaterol, Olodaterol, Vilanterol, Bambuterol

  • 6

    3 Methyxanthines

    Theophylline, Theobromide, Caffeine

  • 7

    4 Muscarinic antagonists

    Ipratropium bromide, Tiotropium, Aclidinium, Umeclidinium

  • 8

    Anti-inflammatory Agents 3

    Corticosteroids, Release inhibitors, Leukotriene antagonists

  • 9

    TargetedMonoclonalAntibodies • IgE Antibody

    Omalizumab

  • 10

    Leukotriene antagonists 3

    Zeliuton, Montelukast, Zafirlukast

  • 11

    Release inhibitors

    Cromolyn sodium/Nedocromil

  • 12

    Bronchodilators 3

    Sympathomimetic Agents/Beta agonists, Methyxanthines, Muscarinic antagonists

  • 13

    Non-selective Beta-Agonists

    Epinephrine

  • 14

    Tachycardia, arrhythmias, worsening of angina pectoris

    Epinephrine

  • 15

    Arrhythmias

    Isoproterenol

  • 16

    Pronounced central effects

    Ephedrine

  • 17

    partial agonist

    Salmeterol

  • 18

    full agonist

    Formoterol

  • 19

    Methylxanthine drugs 3

    theophylline, theobromide, caffeine

  • 20

    theophylline 3 derivatives

    aminophylline, dyphylline, oxtriptylline

  • 21

    1,3-dimethylxanthine

    theophylline

  • 22

    3,7-dimethylxanthene

    theobromide

  • 23

    1,3,7-trimethyxanthine

    caffeine

  • 24

    selective inhibitor of PDE4

    Roflumilast

  • 25

    Xanthine derivative, more potent bronchodilator, devoid of adenosine antagonism

    Enprofylline

  • 26

    stimulate secretion of gastric acid and digestive enzymes

    GIT

  • 27

    weak diuretics

    Kidneys

  • 28

    have potent effects in improving contractility and in reversing fatigue of diaphragm in patient with COPD

    Skeletal muscles

  • 29

    • inhibit antigen-induced release of histamine from lung tissue

    Smooth muscle

  • 30

    Methylxanthine drugs • Pharmacodynamics (4)

    GIT, Kidneys, Skeletal muscles, Smooth muscle

  • 31

    quarternary ammonium derivative of atropine

    Ipratropium bromide

  • 32

    structural analog of ipratropium

    Tiotropium

  • 33

    Delivered by inhalation (metered dose inhaler/nebulizer) – Slightly less effective than beta agonist – Adverse effects: blurred vision, dry mouth and urinary retention – Effective in COPD

    Anti-Muscarinic/Anticholinergic Agents

  • 34

    Reducing the inflammatory cells and their activation in the airways Minimize sputum production and secretion

    Corticosteroids

  • 35

    The most effective way to avoid systemic adverse effects of corticosteroid therapy

    Inhaled Corticosteroids

  • 36

    SE: hoarseness, oropharyngeal candidiasis - topical clotrimazole

    Inhaled Corticosteroids

  • 37

    – SE: truncal obesity, bruising, osteoporosis, diabetes, hypertension, gastric ulceration, proximal myopathy, depression, cataracts

    Systemic Corticosteroids

  • 38

    Mucolytic Agents 3

    Acetylcysteine (mucomyst), Carbocysteine (SCMC), Bromhexine

  • 39

    - reduce the thickness and stickiness of purulent and non-purulent pulmonary secretions - antidote for paracetamol poisoning

    Acetylcysteine (mucomyst)

  • 40

    - act by regulating and normalizing the viscosity of secretion from the mucus cell of respiratory tract - decrease the size and number of mucus producing cells

    Carbocysteine (SCMC)

  • 41

    - depolymerization of mucopolysaccharides, direct effect on bronchial glands - liberation of lysosomal enzymes producing cells which digest mucopolysaccharide fibers

    Bromhexine

  • 42

    Mucokinetic & Secretolytic

    Ambroxol

  • 43

    - increase respiratory tract secretions - enhance pulmonary surfactant production - stimulates cilia activity

    Ambroxol

  • 44

    Expectorant 2

    Vagal stimulants, Direct stimulants

  • 45

    Vagal stimulants 2

    glyceryl guiacolate, salt solution

  • 46

    4 Direct stimulants

    KISS, bromhexine, SCMC, ambroxol

  • 47

    Narcotic antitussives 3

    heroin, codeine, morphine

  • 48

    Non-narcotic antitussive

    Dextromethorphan

  • 49

    recently been developed for the treatment of eosinophilic asthma

    Benralizumab

  • 50

    associated with hypersensitivity reactions

    Reslizumab

  • 51

    - carries a small (0.3%) risk of anaphylaxis - reactivation of herpes zoster

    Mepolizumab

  • 52

    approval as add-on, maintenance therapy of severe asthma in patients with eosinophilic phenotype

    Anti-IL-5 Therapy

  • 53

    Anti-IL-5 Therapy (3)

    Mepolizumab, Reslizumab, Benralizumab

  • 54

    - drugs that reduce the amount of IgE that binds to its receptors (Fcε-R1 and Fcε- R2) on mast cells, dendritic cells, basophils and other inflammatory cells

    Anti-IgE Antibodies

  • 55

    indications: - severe asthma exacerbations - evidence of allergic sensitization - chronic recurrent urticaria - peanut allergy

    Omalizumab (anti-IgE MAb)

  • 56

    elimination: liver reticuloendothelial system, bile

    Omalizumab (anti-IgE MAb)

  • 57

    Main indication: reducing symptoms of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis

    Cromolyn Sodium & Nedocromil

  • 58

    Act by inhibiting mast cell degranulation Have no direct bronchodilator action

    Cromolyn Sodium & Nedocromil

  • 59

    Other effects: • Have demonstrated an important role in aspirin-induced asthma

    Antileukotrienes

  • 60

    Selectively and reversibly inhibits the 5-lipoxygenase pathway

    Zileuton

  • 61

    • Blocks the cysteinyl leukotrienes LTD4 and LTE4 at the CsyLT1 receptor

    Montelukast and Zafirlukast

    • Sporeformers

    Sporeformers

    Tameyra Stefani Al-Suhairy · 44問 · 1年前

    Sporeformers

    Sporeformers

    44問 • 1年前
    Tameyra Stefani Al-Suhairy

    Spirochetes

    Spirochetes

    Tameyra Stefani Al-Suhairy · 46問 · 1年前

    Spirochetes

    Spirochetes

    46問 • 1年前
    Tameyra Stefani Al-Suhairy

    Subcutaneous, Systemic, Opportunistic Mycoses

    Subcutaneous, Systemic, Opportunistic Mycoses

    Tameyra Stefani Al-Suhairy · 75問 · 1年前

    Subcutaneous, Systemic, Opportunistic Mycoses

    Subcutaneous, Systemic, Opportunistic Mycoses

    75問 • 1年前
    Tameyra Stefani Al-Suhairy

    Mycobacteria

    Mycobacteria

    Tameyra Stefani Al-Suhairy · 46問 · 1年前

    Mycobacteria

    Mycobacteria

    46問 • 1年前
    Tameyra Stefani Al-Suhairy

    Bacterial Classification, morphology, utrastructure

    Bacterial Classification, morphology, utrastructure

    Tameyra Stefani Al-Suhairy · 64問 · 1年前

    Bacterial Classification, morphology, utrastructure

    Bacterial Classification, morphology, utrastructure

    64問 • 1年前
    Tameyra Stefani Al-Suhairy

    HIV

    HIV

    Tameyra Stefani Al-Suhairy · 31問 · 1年前

    HIV

    HIV

    31問 • 1年前
    Tameyra Stefani Al-Suhairy

    CORONA

    CORONA

    Tameyra Stefani Al-Suhairy · 24問 · 1年前

    CORONA

    CORONA

    24問 • 1年前
    Tameyra Stefani Al-Suhairy

    PAPILLO

    PAPILLO

    Tameyra Stefani Al-Suhairy · 15問 · 1年前

    PAPILLO

    PAPILLO

    15問 • 1年前
    Tameyra Stefani Al-Suhairy

    ADENO

    ADENO

    Tameyra Stefani Al-Suhairy · 16問 · 1年前

    ADENO

    ADENO

    16問 • 1年前
    Tameyra Stefani Al-Suhairy

    POX

    POX

    Tameyra Stefani Al-Suhairy · 6問 · 1年前

    POX

    POX

    6問 • 1年前
    Tameyra Stefani Al-Suhairy

    PARVO

    PARVO

    Tameyra Stefani Al-Suhairy · 25問 · 1年前

    PARVO

    PARVO

    25問 • 1年前
    Tameyra Stefani Al-Suhairy

    HEPATOTROPHIC

    HEPATOTROPHIC

    Tameyra Stefani Al-Suhairy · 24問 · 1年前

    HEPATOTROPHIC

    HEPATOTROPHIC

    24問 • 1年前
    Tameyra Stefani Al-Suhairy

    PICORNA

    PICORNA

    Tameyra Stefani Al-Suhairy · 25問 · 1年前

    PICORNA

    PICORNA

    25問 • 1年前
    Tameyra Stefani Al-Suhairy

    RABIES

    RABIES

    Tameyra Stefani Al-Suhairy · 26問 · 1年前

    RABIES

    RABIES

    26問 • 1年前
    Tameyra Stefani Al-Suhairy

    PARAMYXO

    PARAMYXO

    Tameyra Stefani Al-Suhairy · 20問 · 1年前

    PARAMYXO

    PARAMYXO

    20問 • 1年前
    Tameyra Stefani Al-Suhairy

    HERPES

    HERPES

    Tameyra Stefani Al-Suhairy · 40問 · 1年前

    HERPES

    HERPES

    40問 • 1年前
    Tameyra Stefani Al-Suhairy

    ORTHO

    ORTHO

    Tameyra Stefani Al-Suhairy · 7問 · 1年前

    ORTHO

    ORTHO

    7問 • 1年前
    Tameyra Stefani Al-Suhairy

    FLAVI

    FLAVI

    Tameyra Stefani Al-Suhairy · 24問 · 1年前

    FLAVI

    FLAVI

    24問 • 1年前
    Tameyra Stefani Al-Suhairy

    TOGA

    TOGA

    Tameyra Stefani Al-Suhairy · 19問 · 1年前

    TOGA

    TOGA

    19問 • 1年前
    Tameyra Stefani Al-Suhairy

    VIRUS STRUCTURE

    VIRUS STRUCTURE

    Tameyra Stefani Al-Suhairy · 16問 · 1年前

    VIRUS STRUCTURE

    VIRUS STRUCTURE

    16問 • 1年前
    Tameyra Stefani Al-Suhairy

    問題一覧

  • 1

    3 Non-selective beta agonists:

    Epinephrine, Isoproterenol, Ephedrine

  • 2

    3 Selective Beta2 agonists

    Short-acting, Long-acting, Ultra-long-acting

  • 3

    Selective Beta2 agonists (short acting ) 5

    Albuterol, Terbutaline, Metaproterenol, Levalbuterol, Pirbuterol

  • 4

    Selective Beta2 agonists (long acting ) 2

    Salmeterol, Formoterol

  • 5

    Selective Beta2 agonists (ultra long acting ) 4

    Indacaterol, Olodaterol, Vilanterol, Bambuterol

  • 6

    3 Methyxanthines

    Theophylline, Theobromide, Caffeine

  • 7

    4 Muscarinic antagonists

    Ipratropium bromide, Tiotropium, Aclidinium, Umeclidinium

  • 8

    Anti-inflammatory Agents 3

    Corticosteroids, Release inhibitors, Leukotriene antagonists

  • 9

    TargetedMonoclonalAntibodies • IgE Antibody

    Omalizumab

  • 10

    Leukotriene antagonists 3

    Zeliuton, Montelukast, Zafirlukast

  • 11

    Release inhibitors

    Cromolyn sodium/Nedocromil

  • 12

    Bronchodilators 3

    Sympathomimetic Agents/Beta agonists, Methyxanthines, Muscarinic antagonists

  • 13

    Non-selective Beta-Agonists

    Epinephrine

  • 14

    Tachycardia, arrhythmias, worsening of angina pectoris

    Epinephrine

  • 15

    Arrhythmias

    Isoproterenol

  • 16

    Pronounced central effects

    Ephedrine

  • 17

    partial agonist

    Salmeterol

  • 18

    full agonist

    Formoterol

  • 19

    Methylxanthine drugs 3

    theophylline, theobromide, caffeine

  • 20

    theophylline 3 derivatives

    aminophylline, dyphylline, oxtriptylline

  • 21

    1,3-dimethylxanthine

    theophylline

  • 22

    3,7-dimethylxanthene

    theobromide

  • 23

    1,3,7-trimethyxanthine

    caffeine

  • 24

    selective inhibitor of PDE4

    Roflumilast

  • 25

    Xanthine derivative, more potent bronchodilator, devoid of adenosine antagonism

    Enprofylline

  • 26

    stimulate secretion of gastric acid and digestive enzymes

    GIT

  • 27

    weak diuretics

    Kidneys

  • 28

    have potent effects in improving contractility and in reversing fatigue of diaphragm in patient with COPD

    Skeletal muscles

  • 29

    • inhibit antigen-induced release of histamine from lung tissue

    Smooth muscle

  • 30

    Methylxanthine drugs • Pharmacodynamics (4)

    GIT, Kidneys, Skeletal muscles, Smooth muscle

  • 31

    quarternary ammonium derivative of atropine

    Ipratropium bromide

  • 32

    structural analog of ipratropium

    Tiotropium

  • 33

    Delivered by inhalation (metered dose inhaler/nebulizer) – Slightly less effective than beta agonist – Adverse effects: blurred vision, dry mouth and urinary retention – Effective in COPD

    Anti-Muscarinic/Anticholinergic Agents

  • 34

    Reducing the inflammatory cells and their activation in the airways Minimize sputum production and secretion

    Corticosteroids

  • 35

    The most effective way to avoid systemic adverse effects of corticosteroid therapy

    Inhaled Corticosteroids

  • 36

    SE: hoarseness, oropharyngeal candidiasis - topical clotrimazole

    Inhaled Corticosteroids

  • 37

    – SE: truncal obesity, bruising, osteoporosis, diabetes, hypertension, gastric ulceration, proximal myopathy, depression, cataracts

    Systemic Corticosteroids

  • 38

    Mucolytic Agents 3

    Acetylcysteine (mucomyst), Carbocysteine (SCMC), Bromhexine

  • 39

    - reduce the thickness and stickiness of purulent and non-purulent pulmonary secretions - antidote for paracetamol poisoning

    Acetylcysteine (mucomyst)

  • 40

    - act by regulating and normalizing the viscosity of secretion from the mucus cell of respiratory tract - decrease the size and number of mucus producing cells

    Carbocysteine (SCMC)

  • 41

    - depolymerization of mucopolysaccharides, direct effect on bronchial glands - liberation of lysosomal enzymes producing cells which digest mucopolysaccharide fibers

    Bromhexine

  • 42

    Mucokinetic & Secretolytic

    Ambroxol

  • 43

    - increase respiratory tract secretions - enhance pulmonary surfactant production - stimulates cilia activity

    Ambroxol

  • 44

    Expectorant 2

    Vagal stimulants, Direct stimulants

  • 45

    Vagal stimulants 2

    glyceryl guiacolate, salt solution

  • 46

    4 Direct stimulants

    KISS, bromhexine, SCMC, ambroxol

  • 47

    Narcotic antitussives 3

    heroin, codeine, morphine

  • 48

    Non-narcotic antitussive

    Dextromethorphan

  • 49

    recently been developed for the treatment of eosinophilic asthma

    Benralizumab

  • 50

    associated with hypersensitivity reactions

    Reslizumab

  • 51

    - carries a small (0.3%) risk of anaphylaxis - reactivation of herpes zoster

    Mepolizumab

  • 52

    approval as add-on, maintenance therapy of severe asthma in patients with eosinophilic phenotype

    Anti-IL-5 Therapy

  • 53

    Anti-IL-5 Therapy (3)

    Mepolizumab, Reslizumab, Benralizumab

  • 54

    - drugs that reduce the amount of IgE that binds to its receptors (Fcε-R1 and Fcε- R2) on mast cells, dendritic cells, basophils and other inflammatory cells

    Anti-IgE Antibodies

  • 55

    indications: - severe asthma exacerbations - evidence of allergic sensitization - chronic recurrent urticaria - peanut allergy

    Omalizumab (anti-IgE MAb)

  • 56

    elimination: liver reticuloendothelial system, bile

    Omalizumab (anti-IgE MAb)

  • 57

    Main indication: reducing symptoms of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis

    Cromolyn Sodium & Nedocromil

  • 58

    Act by inhibiting mast cell degranulation Have no direct bronchodilator action

    Cromolyn Sodium & Nedocromil

  • 59

    Other effects: • Have demonstrated an important role in aspirin-induced asthma

    Antileukotrienes

  • 60

    Selectively and reversibly inhibits the 5-lipoxygenase pathway

    Zileuton

  • 61

    • Blocks the cysteinyl leukotrienes LTD4 and LTE4 at the CsyLT1 receptor

    Montelukast and Zafirlukast