Branch of dentistry concerned with the study of functions and activities of the different structures found in the oral cavity

refers to the collective structures and functions involved in the process of chewing, swallowing, breathing and voice production.

encompasses various components, including the teeth, jaws, temporomandibular joint (TMJ), muscles of mastication, salivary glands, taste buds, and other oral structures

Composed of structures of the mouth and jaws considered collectively as they subserve the functions of mastication, deglutition, respiration and speech.

STOMA

GNATHIA

4 FUNCTIONS OF THE STOMATOGNATHIC SYSTEM

physiologic activity formed when there is normal occlusion in a cyclic movement.

chewing process.

once the food is chewed, the next step is to swallow it.

swallowing is a complex group of reactions to move food onwards in the digestive tract while preserving the airway

deglutition/swallowing

sucking/drinking

earliest means of food transport

an expression of thought either written or spoken.

produced by bringing air from the lungs to the larynx where the vocal folds may be held open to allow the air to pass through or may vibrate to make a sound (phonation).

3 speech purposes

Speech enables the exchange of thoughts, ideas, and emotions between individuals.

Speech involves the precise movements of the mouth and vocal organs to produce clear and correct sounds.

Speech requires coordination and control of the muscles involved in breathing, phonation, and articulation

a continuous process closely associated with deglutition.

ventilation wherein there is the entrance of oxygen & release of carbon dioxide.

RESPIRATION 3 purposes

Respiration contributes to the maintenance of physiological balance, including the regulation of body temperature.

The process of respiration generates energy in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate) through cellular respiration.

Respiration facilitates the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the body and the environment.

Basal bones superiorly

Basal bones inferiorly

provide the framework for the teeth and play a crucial role in the process of mastication.

only movable bone in the skull and is connected to the skull through the temporomandibular joint (TMJ).

work together to facilitate biting, chewing, and other oral functions.

elevates and positions the mandible

elevates the mandible

External/Lateral Pterygoid

elevates the mandible.

4 Muscles of Mastication

responsible for the movement of the jaw during chewing.

muscles work together to coordinate the complex motions required for effective chewing and grinding of food.

4 Functions of Muscles of Mastication

6 Main Components of TMJ

joint that connects the mandible to the skull.

allows for the movement of the jaw, including opening and closing of the mouth, as well as side-to-side and forward-backward movements.

Sharp-edged teeth at the front of the mouth used for cutting and biting.

Pointed teeth next to the incisors, used for tearing and gripping food.

Broad teeth with cusps, involved in chewing and grinding.

Large, flat teeth at the back of the mouth, responsible for crushing and grinding food.

4 parts of Periodontium

2 Outer limiting structures

Inner limiting structure

transitory, gliding movement.

for rotary or opening movement.

TMJ Covered with

separates upper and lower compartments.

muscular organ located in the oral cavity composed of muscles and covered with taste buds

part of the lymphatic system and are located at the back of the throat.

part of the body's defense mechanism against infections.

play a role in the body's immune response by trapping and filtering harmful bacteria and viruses that enter the body through the mouth and nose.

Stensen’s duct

Wharton’s duct

Sublingual gland

aqueous solution which moistens the oral cavity

main nerve supply of the oral cavity.

communication network that transmits information by electrical signal in and out of the CNS.

oral cavity is innervated by a complex neural system that includes

provide feedback regarding touch, temperature, and taste sensations

control the movements of the muscles involved in chewing, swallowing, and speech.

main nerve involved in oral sensation and motor control

2 cranial nerves contribute to the neural innervation of the oral cavity.

deliver oxygen and nutrients to the oral tissues,

filter and help eliminate toxins, bacteria, and other harmful substances.

Protection of the individual from undesirable food components

Help further develop or allow jaw bone to grow

transport of material from mouth to esophagus: