5 function of pulp

Odontoblasts from dentin

Nourishment of dentin

Sensory function is performed by nerve fibers within the pulp to mediate sensation of pain

Reaction of pulp to irritation by mechanical, thermal, chemical, or bacterial stimuli through inflammation or formation of dentin

Dental papilla, induces IDE cells to differentiate to ameloblasts

located in the pulp chamber in the crown potion of the tooth.

conical projections of coronal pulp directed towards incisal edges and cusp tips

average size of foramen of the maxillary teeth in the adult

average size of foramen of the mandibular teeth in the adult

The pulp is circumscribed peripherally by a specialized odontogenic area.

This zone is composed of the bodies of odontoblasts bordering the dentin wall.

Contains few cells. This area is suggested to be the site for mobilization of UMC.

fibroblasts and undifferentiated mesenchymal cells

large-caliber blood vessels, nerves and lymph vessels

Adjacent to the predentin with the cell bodies in the pulp and cell processes in the dentinal tubules.

a major site of nutrients and gas exchange within the subodontoblastic plexus

present beneath the odontoblastic layer. area of mobilization and replacement of odontoblasts.

present beneath the cell free zone. composed of fibroblasts and undifferentiated mesenchymal cells.

Increased density of as compared to cell free zone More extensive vascular system

Center of the pulp chamber Many cells Extensive neurovascular supply Similar to cell rich zone

Conduction velocity 30-70 m/s Very low threshold, non-noxious sensation

50% of myelinated fibers in pulp Functions not fully known

Conduction velocity 2-30 m/s Lower threshold fast, sharp pain

Stimulated by hydrodynamic stimuli Sensitive to ischemia Sharp pain

Conduction velocity 0-2 m/s Higher threshold Involved in slow, dull pain

Stimulated by direct pulp damage Sensitive to anesthetics

Conduction velocity 0-2 m/s Post-ganglionic fibers of superior cervical ganglion Vasoconstriction

Odontoblast Fibroblast

Undifferentiated mesenchymal cells

Macrophages, neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, plasma cells and Lymphocytes

7 defensive cells

2 fibrillar elements

Act as a medium to transport nutrients to cells and metabolites of the cell to the blood vessels.

Blood vessels, nerves, lymph vessels

early stage of development odontoblasts consist of a single layer

later stages of development, the odontoblastic layer appeared ____ where the broadest part of the cell contains the nucleus

These are the most abundant type of cells in pulp, characteristic of cell-rich zone.

form and maintain the pulp matrix CN fibers and ground substance

in periods of less activity and aging these cells appear smaller and round or spindle-shaped with few organelles,

light microscope, the cells appear irregular in shape with short blunt processes.

The nucleus is small, more rounded and darker in staining than fibroblast.

presence is disclosed by intra-vital dyes such trypan blue.

cells are distributed around the odontoblasts and small blood vessels and capillaries.

inflammation cart wheel eccentric antibodies

They are found in normal pulp and they increase during inflammation.

found in normal pulp and they increase during inflammation.

round nucleus cytoplasm contains many granules. toluidine blue.

histamine and heparin

undifferentiated mesenchymal cells smaller than fibroblast

found along walls of blood vessels have the potentiality of forming other types of formative or defensive connective tissue cells.

the fibers are relatively sparse and delicate throughout the pulp and gradually the bundles increase in size with advancing age.

two patterns of collagen distribution can be seen: diffuse collagen network with no definite orientation, bundles of collagen.

no elastic fibers

consists of acid mucopolysaccharides and neutral glycoprotein. environment that promotes life of the cells

Sensory nerve fibers that originate from inferior and superior alveolar nerves innervate the odontoblastic layer of the pulp cavity.

orthodontic tooth movement tooth preparation heavy occlusal forces

antimicrobial agents, restorative materials

galvanism

metal restoration

results from aging or mild irritation (e.g., slowly advancing caries) and causes a change n the composition of the primary dentin.

becomes wider, gradually filling the tubules with calcified material, progressing pulpally from the DEJ

sclerosis resulting from a mild irritation

Neutrophils, granulocytes, lymphocytes, and macrophages seen in

Increase blood flow and volume. pain elicited from the irritation and will linger a few seconds.

typified spontaneous, continous throbbing pain. pain elicited by heat and can e relieved with a cold then later, no response to any stimulus.