in multi rooted teeth, two or more teeth the collgen fibers found between root or furction

5 gingival ligaments

5 alveolodental ligament

Age changes of PDL 4

a tissue described as the masticatory mucosa lining the alveolar bone which surrounds the cervical portion of the teeth.

moist lining of the oral cavity that is continuous with the exterior surface of the skin on one end and the pharynx on the other end.

mucous membrane covers all structure except clinical crowns of the teeth.

2 layers oral mucosa

Outer covering oral mucosa

Inner connective tissue

Only one kind of oral mucosa in the mouth

4 functions oral mucosa

Oral mucosa of deeper tissues against mechanical forces and surface abrasion.

Oral mucosa Covering the dorm of the tongue

Covers gingiva and hard palate

Cover all the other parts of mouth Chuck buccal mucosa Alveolar mucosa underneath tongue soft palate

buccal mucosa, labial mucosa, alveolar mucosa, floor of the mouth, ventral tongue, soft palate non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium soft, moist, ability to stretch and compress

- attached gingiva, hard palate, dorsal tongue

dorsal tongue surface associated with the lingual papillae

In between tissues of oral mucosa

underneath epithelium -attached to the periosteum of the alveolar bone

-Dense thick firm connective tissue containing collagenous fibers.

Underneath lamina propria -contains: - Glands, blood vessels, nerve and adipose tissue.

-thin loose connective tissue with muscle and collagenous fibers different areas varying from 1 another in their structure.

gingiva from the marginal crest to the level of the base of the gingival sulcus.

Space between the tooth and free gingiva.

Outer aspect of gingiva in each gingival embrasure tringular gingiva

Is a shallow groove that runs parallel to the marginal crest of the free gingiva.

Dense connective tissue with its keratinized stratified squamous epithelium etend from level of the depth of the gingival sulcus.

thin, soft tissue that is loosely attached to the underlying alveolar bone. movable covering of maxilla or mndible

The transition between keratinized attached gingiva and non-keratinized alveolar mucosa

Consists of small indentations into the mucosal surtace.

-Compact bone inner and outer plate of alveolar process

-Fills the areas between plates and alveolar bone proper.

composed of 65% inorganic material, 35 % organic material.

Age changes • Smoother • Dryer • Atrophic friable • Epithelium becomes thinner • Reduction in filiform papillae • Vascular changes

Compact layer of bone lining the tooth socket

a part of the maxilla and the mandible-forms, supports, and lines the sockets into which the roots of teeth fit.

Inner cortical plate

3 attachment apparatus

most organic matter of cementum is

Has cervical loop

elongated cervical loop

guide the root formation

HERS WILL MAKE CEMENTUM

cementoblast came from

newly formed cementum not yet mineralized it contains

terminal ends of collagen fibers tht will be embedded into cementoid

Parallel to CDJ larger

oblique/horizontal more fine, smaller

cementum contains collagen fibers from cementoblast

Principal cementum for attachment

Majority of cementum is

Fibers produced by cementoblast no sharpeys fibers FIRST FORMED BEFORE PDL FORMS 15-20 microns

cementum on enamel

cementum on top of enamel

fills the resorption lacunae collagen fibers forms cementoblast

found on apex of tooth and forcation of molar collagen fibers from combination of sharpeys and cementoblasts

hyalin layer of hopewell smith Produce by HERS very close to dentin in root region

acellular fibrillar cementum

gingiva in crown region covering crown as age, gingiva more on apical location APICAL MOVEMENT OR MIGRATION OF GINGIVAL

created when theres cementum repair after resorption demarkation between repaired and old cementum

repair of root resorption is

island of cells coming from HERS form _

epithelial rest of malassez can be calcified turning epithelial cells into tiny stones in PDL called

cementicles completely covered by secondary cementum

- rubbery, resilient keratinized or parakeratinized stratified squamous epithelium