問題一覧
1
A special test that uses urine specimen
Pregnancy Test
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The pregnancy test is based on the presence of?
Glycoprotein
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The pregnancy test is based on the presence of glycoprotein that is continuously secreted by the?
Cytotrophoblastic cell of the developing placenta (hCG)
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The significance of pregnancy test
Determine whether the patient is pregnant or not , Determine the completeness of abortion , Determine trophoblastic diseases (abnormal condition producing hCG)
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Production of abnormal hCG production
Trophoblastic Diseases
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A hormone produced by the placenta during pregnancy
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
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In the patient preparation, the first thing to do is to submit the?
First morning urine sample
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The first morning urine sample should be?
Concentrated , hCG reacts with acidic urine
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In patient preparation, there should be a restriction in fluid intake so that the urine sample will not be?
Diluted
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In patient preparation, they should avoid intake of?
Sedatives
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In the specimen preparation, the container should be?
Clean, wide-mouth
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In the specimen preparation, it should not be?
Filtered nor centrifuged
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In the specimen preparation, you should avoid?
Preservatives
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Determining pregnancy test we use?
Immunologic assay
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In a refrigerated sample, place the urine sample at room temperature for at least __ minutes before examination
30
16
Causes of False-Positive
Increase in pituitary gonadotrophic hormone , FSH increased , Medications: Chlorpromazine, Aspirin, Ectopic pregnancy , Seasonal variation of animals , Acute appendicitis , Incomplete abortion
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Causes of False-Negative
Low titer/concentration of hCG, low sensitivivity of animals , Toxic urine
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Causes of False-Negative: Due to toxic urine they have?
Bacterial contamination , Excessive electrolyte content , Presence of salicylate and barbiturates (sedatives)
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Due to toxic urine there are presence of?
Salicylates, Barbiturates
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How to detoxify urine?
Perform cellophane dialysis , Add .1N HCl
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Use of experimental animals to identify the presence of hCG
Biological Assay
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Biological assay for male:
Spermatogenesis
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Biological assay for female:
Oogenesis
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Formation of sperm cell
Spermatogenesis
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Spermatogenesis is due to expulsion of _______ coming from the cloaca of frog
Spermatozoa
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A method of spermatogenesis which inject the urine subcutaneously
Male frog test/Galli Mainini test
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Oogenesis test is called?
Female frog test/Hogben's test
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Refers to the extrusion of eggs within 8-12 hours
Oogenesis
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Oogenesis is a extrusion of eggs within?
8-12 hours
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Galli Mainini Test
Male frog test
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Hogben's test
Female frog test
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Increased in blood flow that may lead to enlargement of uterus and ovary and animals
Hyperemia
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Hyperemia tests: To detect the presence of hCG hormone. All of these are injected.
Friedman's Test, Hoffman's Test, Ascheim Zondek , Frank Bermann, Kupperman
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Use of female virgin rabbit
Friedmann's Test
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Friedmann's Test, urine is injected at marginal ____ vein
Ear
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(+) corpora hemorrhagic, hyperemic uterus
Friedmann's Test
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Same as Friedmann's except serum is used instead of urine
Hoffman's Test
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Use of female mice
Ascheim Zondek
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Inject urine subcutaneously
Ascheim Zondek
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(+) corpora lutea, hemorrhagic follicle
Ascheim Zondek
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They both inject urine subcutaneously
Ascheim Zondek , Frank Bermann
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(+) ovarian hyperemia
Frank Bermann
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Use of female rats
Kupperman
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They both use of female rats
Frank Bermann , Kupperman
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Inject urine intraperitoneally
Kupperman
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= Ovarian hyperemia
Kupperman
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Based on antigen-antibody reaction
Immunologic Assay
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Immunologic Assays:
Latex Agglutination , Agglutination Inhibition, Precipitation Reaction , RIA
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Chemical Methods:
Prenandiol Test, Iodine Test/Lugol's Reaction Test
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Identifies the presence of progesterone
Prenandiol Test
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(+) formation of deep orange or dark brown color
Prenandiol Test
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(-) amber
Prenandiol Test
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Presence of epinephrine
Iodine Test/Lugol's Reaction Test
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(+) deep orange or dark brown
Iodine Test/Lugol's Reaction Test
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Thicken the lining of the uterus
Progesterone
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Clinicians Pregnancy Test
Prostigmen Withdrawal Bleeding Test, Skin Colostrum Test, Primodos Oral
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The physician will administer Prostigmen intramuscularly, patient will wait for 2 weeks
Prostigmen Withdrawal Bleeding Test
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In PWBT, the physician will administer Prostigmen ________.
Intramuscularly
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In PWBT, the physician will administer Prostigmen intramuscularly, patiently will wait for
2 weeks
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In PWBT, if there is no bleeding?
Pregnant
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In PWBT, if there is bleeding?
Not pregnant
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Breast milk will be injected subcutaneously at the fore arm, wait for 3 days
Skin Colostrum Test
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In SCT, the breast milk will be injected subcutaneously at the ______, wait for 3 days
Fore arm
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In SCT, breast milk will be injected subcutaneously at the fore arm, wait for?
3 days
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In SCT, if there is no swelling or redness?
pregnant
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In SCT, if there is swelling?
Not pregnant
67
The physician will give 5 tablets that will induce bleeding for 2 days
Primodos Oral
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In PO, the physician will give _ tablets that will induce bleeding for 2 days
5
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In PO, the physician will give 5 tablets that will induce bleeding for _ days
2
70
In PO, if there is no bleeding within 5 days?
pregnant
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In PO, if there is bleeding in 5 days?
not pregnant