Blood Specimen Collection

Almira Coleen · 28問 · 1年前

通報

問題一覧

The sample should be processed within

4 hours

After 4hrs of blood collection the ____ should be separated from the RBC

Serum

If the specimen is refrigerated it will be preserve for up to

8 hours

Freezing of specimen at

-20 degrees

Test that should not be refrigerated

Lactate dehydrogenase (inactivation in cold temperature) (lowering of value), Alkaline phosphatase (falsely elevate when exposed to cold temperature)

Fasting requirements: Blood sugar/Glucose - Lipid profile -

8-10, 12-14

Kapag may glucose na kasama ang lipid profile we allow how many hours of fasting?

10 hours

For some laboratories they allow how many hours of fasting?

16 hours

In IV lines, in both arms ____ is needed to avoid hemodilution

2 minutes

In IV lines in both arms, collect ____ the site if there are two IV sites

Below

Areas with hematoma has already have small • Collect if no other choice

Cluts

red blood cell destruction

Hemolyzed

You should avoid puncturing scarred area

True

Don't collect blood on thrombosed (abnormally big) veins and possible of small cloths collected - There is accumulation of platelets

True

Possible contamination of tissue juices

Edematous Arms

Removing of breast

Mastectomy

Mastectomy: I. Collect the arm that has still has breast II. Leakage of lymphatic fluid to the circulation III. If sa right breast and tinanggal, sa left arm ka kukuha ng blood IV. If both breast are removed, try to collect from the ankle

I, II, III, IV

Connection of artery and vein in dialysis

AV Shunt or Fistula

We follow correct order of draw if we are performing ETS to prevent the contamination. Even though magkaroon ng carry over from blood culture to citrate, wag lang magkakaroon ng carry over from heparin to citrate.

True

• Yellow Sterile Mechanisms: - It prevents complement - Prevents phagocytosis - Acts as an antimicrobial removal device - Used for blood culture system. Recover microorganisms causing blood infections. - Microbiology

(SPS) Sodium Polyanethol Sulfonate

- Sodium Citrate - It prevents clotting by binding calcium (reversible clotting) - (3-4 times inversion) - Hematology, Coagulation studies

Light Blue

- Buffered Sodium Citrate - ESR studies only, used for Westergren Sedimentation Rate - Inversion: 8-10

Black

- Gel Separator - Enchances coagulation to separate serum - Inversions: 5 - Routine Chemistry/Blood Bank

Yellow/Red Top (Plastic)

No Additive - Enhances coagulation to separate serum - Routine Chemistry/ Blood Bank

Red Top (Glass)

- Clot Activator, Polymer Gel, SST - Inversions - 5 - Separate cells from the serum of the blood sample. - Clinical Chemistry

Gold

- Heparin, Polymer Gel - 8-10 - This tube is widely used for ammonium levels, pH level analysis, blood glass analysis - Clinical Chemistry, Immunochemistry

Light Green

- Sodium Heparin, Lithium Heparin or Ammonium Heparin - 8-10 - This tube is widely used for ammonium levels, pH level analysis, blood glass analysis - Clinical Chemistry, Immunochemistry

Dark Green

Binds calcium, irreversible binding

EDTA

Glycerated hemoglobin (EDTA)

HbA1C

Most common additive which is use for many tests such as CBC and coagulation with factor V Leiden. It also preserves cellular morphology and inhibit platelet clumping.

EDTA (Ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid)

- EDTA - K2 EDTA - Hematology, Clinical Chemistry, Molecular Diagnostics, Blood Banking

Lavender

- K2 EDTA - Inversions: 8-10 - Hematology, Clinical Chemistry, Molecular Diagnostics, Blood Banking

Pink

- Polymer Gel with EDTA - Inversion: 8-10 - Hematology, Clinical Chemistry, Molecular Diagnostics, Blood Banking

Pearl

Cell counting

CBC

Inhibits thrombin

Heparinized Tube

- This is used to lactic acid measurement, glucose tolerance test, FBS (Fasting Blood Sugar), Blood alcohol todoacetate preserve glucose for 24hours while Sodium Fluoride preserves it for 72 hours. - Inversion: 8-10 - Sodium Fluoride, Iodoacetate or Potassium Oxalate - Clinical Chemistry

Gray

Iodoacetate preserve blood/glucose for up to

24 hours

Sodium fluoride could preserve the glucose for how many hours?

72 hours

Used for human leukocyte antigen (HLA), Paternity testing, Tissue typing

Yellow (Non-Sterile)

- Acid Citrate Dextrose (ACD)-A - Acid Citrate Dextrose (ACD) - B - Inversion: 8-10 - Immunology, Blood Bank, Immunohematology

Yellow (Non-Sterile)

If the patient is dehydrated, all the dissolved components will appear to be = Reason: Loss of fluid, Falsely elevated

Concentrated

Chronic smoking triggers the production (increase) of ______ which causes elevated plasma glucose level

Cortisol

Chronic alcohol consumption - increased _______ enzyme, hypoglycemia, increased triglycerides, elevation of the liver enzymes

Gamma Glutamyl Transferase

Increased muscular enzymes Release of: Lactate dehydrogenase, Creatinine kinase

IM Injection (Intramuscular Injection)

Morphine based painkillers - elevated (increased) liver and pancreatic enzymes - Amylase and Lipase

Opiates

- Can cause frequent urination - Decreased levels of sodium, potassium - Release of electrolytes

Diuretics

- A drug for chemotherapy - triggers hyperglycemia and increased pre-renal azotemia

Thiazide

Increased in blood urea level

Pre-renal Azotemia

As a person advances in ___ , his or her kidneys will start to become less functional

Age

Factor that affects the creatine clearance increase value and hormone levels value will decrease, especially your sex hormones

Age

Most of the analytes of the female is higher than the male, in some test separate ang normal value ng male and female.

True

High level/value of analytes in females:

Iron, Cholesterol, y (gamma) - globulins, a (alpha) -lipoproteins

In diurnal variation: Mataas lagi na level in morning ay? - Stress hormone, Wake-up cycle

Cortisol

In diurnal variation: Mataas lagi na level in the afternoon, especial when the body is at rest... Because when our body is at rest, our body will repair itself. Repair requires?

Growth Hormone

What are the important analytes that we have to take in to consideration? - Day to day variation/ recent food ingestion

Triglycerides, Insulin, Glucose

In posture activity, expected to have what type of analyte level?

Albumin

In the posture activity, the ambulatory patients produce what type of analyte?

Creatine Kinase

Analytes in posture activity: Increase of exercise

Lactic Acid, Creatine, Protein, CK, AST, LD, K+, Glucose

Posture Activity: Decrease with exercise

Cholesterol, Triglycerides, pH

Stress level: Increase of what type of analyte?

Cortisol, Catecholamines

Requires fasting: Analyte factors affected

Blood Sugar, Glucose Tolerance Test, Triglycerides, Lipid Panel

Immediate cooling

Ice slurry

Ice slurry (Immediate cooling after collection) is familiar to? They immediately put the sample in an ice pack...

Blood Gas

Analytes that increase when your sample is hemolized?

Potassium, Ammonia, Phosphate, Iron, Magnesium, Enzymes: ALT, AST, LD, ALP, ACP

Marked hemolysis will cause false elevation of what?

Citrate Kinase

Cell counting

CBC

Immediate cooling

Ice slurry

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