is the technical field of using microscopes to view samples & objects that cannot be seen with the unaided eye (objects that are not within the resolution range of the normal eye).

an instrument that magnifies an image and allows visualization of greater detail than is possible with the unaided eye

To visualize bacteria, fungi, parasites and even viruses.

to visualize the cells in the blood, BM, lymph, and other body fluids

to visualize the tissue biopsies, cytological specimens and gynecological specimens

Instrument design to make fine details visible

Microscope 3 Tasks:

Produce a magnified image of the specimen

Separate the details in the image

Render the details visible to the eye, camera, or other imaging device.

measure of relative velocity at which light passes through.

ability of lenses to separate closely distant objects

the extent to which detail in the magnified objects are maintained

make objects stand out from the background.

to retain focus when objective lens is changed.

to maintain the focus at the center from the previous lens to another objective lens.

considered to be the first microscope.

Created the first microscope

Types of Microscope

DARK IMAGE AGAINST BRIGHT BACKGROUND.

BRIGHT IMAGE AGAINST DARK BACKGROUND

PRINCIPLE: Light source provides the light that aims into the specimen in stage. Stains absorb the light and this contrast allows the viewer to view the specimen.

FUNCTION:  For demonstration of organisms that are hard to visualize in bright microscope.  Example: bacteria that causes syphilis and Leptospirosis.

THREE CATEGORIES OF COMPONENTS OF MICROSCOPE

is the object being examined.

These are used to adjust the focus of the microscope.

is used to move the stage up and down to bring the specimen into rough focus

is used for finer focusing.

The lens the viewer looks through to see the specimen.  usually contains a 10X or 15X power lens.

Useful as a means to change focus on one eyepiece so as to correct for any difference in vision between your two eyes

connects the eyepiece to the objective lenses

This is the part of the microscope that holds two or more objective lenses and can be rotated to easily change power (magnification)

connects the body tube to the base of the microscope

Brings the specimen into general focus

Fine tunes the focus and increases the detail of the specimen.

A rotating turret that houses the objective lenses. The viewer spins the nosepiece to select different objective lenses.

The flat platform where the slide is placed.

Metal clips that hold the slide in place

These knobs move the stage left and right or up and down.

The hole in the middle of the stage that allows light from the illuminator to reach the specimen

This switch on the base of the microscope turns the illuminator off and on

The light source for a microscope.  Older microscopes used mirrors to reflect light from an external source up through the bottom of the stage; however, most microscopes now use a low-voltage bulb

Adjusts the amount of light that reaches the specimen.

Gathers and focuses light from the illuminator onto the specimen being viewed.

supports the microscope and it’s where illuminator is located.