Multi lesson 5

51問 • 3年前

問題一覧

- The forces within a person that affect the direction, intensity, and persistence of voluntary behavior

Motivation

- Motivated employees are willing to exert a particular level of effort (intensity), for a certain amount of time (persistence), toward a particular goal (direction)

Motivation

- Both emotional and cognitive motivation

Employee engagement

- Focused, intense, persistent, purposive effort toward goals

Employee engagement

- High level of absorption (focus) - High self-efficacy

Employee engagement

Primary needs

Drives

- Hardwired brain activity (neural states) that energize individuals through generation of emotions to correct deficiencies and maintain equilibrium

Drives

activate emotions that put us in a state of readiness

Prime movers of behavior

- Goal-directed forces that people experience.

Needs

- We channel emotional forces toward specific goals - Goals formed by self-concept, social norms, and experience

Needs

- Seven categories – five in a hierarchy -- capture most needs - Lowest unmet need is strongest -- when satisfied, next higher need becomes primary motivator - Model lacks empirical support

Moslow’s needs hierarchy theory

- Study multiple needs together

Holistic perspective

- Influence of social dynamics, not just instinct

Humanistic perspective

- Self-actualization (growth needs) - Foundation of positive OB

Positive perspective

- Needs are amplified or suppressed through self-concept, social norms, and past experience

Learned needs theory

3 learned needs

Need for achi, need for affili, need for power

- Want to accomplish reasonably challenging goals

Need for achievement

- Desire clear feedback, moderate risk tasks

Need for achievement

- Seek approval from others, conform to others’ wishes, avoid conflict

Need for affiliation

- Effective decision makers have low nAff

True

- Desire to control one’s environment

Need for powe

- Personalized versus socialized power

Need for power

- Personalized versus socialized power

Need for power

seek, acquire, control, retain objects or experiences

Drive to inqure

form social relationships and develop mutual caring commitments with others

Drive to bond

satisfy our curiosity, know and understand ourselves and the environment

Drove to comprehend

protect ourselves physically and socially

Drive to defend

when reinforcer (consequence) is introduced, the behavior is increased/maintained

Positive reinforcement

when introduced, the frequency or probability of the behavior decreases

Punishment

when this consequence is removed, behavior is increased/maintained

Negative reinforcement

behavior decreases when no consequence occurs

Extinction

Effective goal setting features

Smarter

What, how, where, when, and with whom the task needs to be accomplished

Specific

how much, how well, at what cost

Measurable

challenging, yet accepted (E-to-P)

Achievable

within employee’s control

Relevant

due date and when assessed

Time framed

employee commitment, not just compliance

Exciting

feedback and recognition on goal progress and accomplishment

Reviewed

- Organizational-level goal setting and feedback

Balanced scorecard

- Usually financial, customer, internal, and learning/growth process goals - Several goals within each process

Balanced score card

connected to goal details

Specific

Relates to person’s behavior

Relevant

links actions to outcomes

Timely

trustworthy source

Credible

o Employee’s knowledge

 Sufficiently frequent

- Builds on employee’s strengths rather than trying to correct weaknesses

Strengths based coaching

feedback directly from others - e.g., boss, customers, multisource

Social sources

feedback not conveyed directly by people - e.g., electronic displays, customer survey results

Nonsocial sources

- Perceived fairness in outcomes we receive relative to our contributions and the outcomes and contributions of others

 Distributive justice

- Perceived fairness of procedures used to decide the distribution of resources

Procedural justice

MULTICULTURAL

rhyzza sanpedro · 135問 · 3年前

MULTICULTURAL