may be defined as the organization of sounds in time.

is an organized sound.

A complete form of music is called

begins with the vibrations of an object.

Sound that moves human soul.

refers to the relative highness or lowness we hear in a sound. Most men speak and sing in a lower range of __ than women or children do.

degrees of loudness or softness in music.

Pianissisimo – ppp – very very soft Pianissimo – pp – very soft Piano – p – soft Mezzo Piano – mp – moderately soft Mezzo forte – mf – moderately loud Forte – f – loud Fortissimo – ff – very loud

it is the quality of the sound that distinguishes them. Music is painted with the harmonic palette of Timbre in much the same way an artist uses color to give life to his painting.

this property of sound depends on the length of time over which vibration is maintained. Tones are not only high or low, but also short or long.

• Singing has been the most widespread and familiar way of making music. The song projected by the human voice is the most natural form of music.

• Singing can make the words easier to remember and heighten their emotional effect.

CLASSIFICATION OF VOICE RANGES FOR WOMEN

CLASSIFICATION OF VOICE RANGES FOR MEN

An instrument is any mechanism, other than voice that produces musical sounds. Instruments produce tones more rapidly than voice_._

Those which are bowed or plucked are the

ü usually made of brass.

ü originally made of wood.

Instruments which are struck are called

Music has five essential elements which the composer works in much the same way than any other artist works with his materials.

Is the basic to life

Is the ordered flow of music through time

2 elements in rhythm

– means measure and refers to number of beats a rhythmic unit or measure.

– refers to speed, whether the music moves fast or slowly.

• series of single tones that adds up to a recognizable whole.

• begins, moves and ends.

moves by small intervals called steps or larger one called leaps.

• is the interval between adjacent tones as in do-re-mi scale.

Any interval larger than step

• Refers to the way chords are constructed and how they flow each other.

• A chord is a combination of these or more tones sounded at once.

is the simultaneous sounding of two or more tones

• Refers to how many different layers of sounds are heard at once, to what kind of layers they are (melody or harmony) and to how they are related to each other.

• associated with shape, structure, organization, and coherence.

is the organization of musical ideas and time.

termed as ensemble when two or more performers are engaged in playing or singing a piece of music.

• is the most spectacular of ensembles composed of any sizeable group of instrumental performers usually under the direction of a conductor.

• is a large ensemble which includes all the principal instrumental types.

• is a form written for orchestra and usually one solo instrument is given a prominent role in music.

is the director of the orchestra.

He has to know every detail of the music and be able to give the most precise direction with his baton and bands.

• is an instrument ensemble, large like orchestra but consisting mainly or exclusively of wind and percussion instruments.

• it is the best-known instrumental group in the Philippines today.

A band usually made up of stringed instruments

• copies the actual sound of the subject.

• music pictures, an event or scene.

intends to tell a story or represent a series of relative events. ex. Don Quixote

It is the traditional and spontaneous music of a people, race, nation or region. It is passed down orally from one generation to another and is generally not a composer’s work.

It is usually composed with a piano accompaniment and is often sophisticated. Unlike folk songs, an art song is the work of a composer who is trained in music.

It is a music genre that originated at the beginning of the 20th century in African American communities in the Southern United Statesfrom a confluence of African and European music traditions. Melody and Rhythm blend harmonically in jazz music.

Musical Compositions of enduring excellence felt to be the first significance before modern times. Filipino Classical music Composers are: Buencamino, Santiago and Silos

This is a musical drama, which for many years, has been one of the most attractive forms of entertainment. It is a wonderful combination of vocal and instrumental music, ensembles, soloist, chorus, ballet, orchestra, scenery pantomime and acting.

comes from the Greek word “dram”, meaning “to do” or “to act.”

is a story acted out on stage before an audience.

depicted as the art that represented by two masks that distinguish between tragedy and comedy.

The greek muse, is the laughing face of the comedy mask,

The crying face of the tragedy mask.

tells of a high and noble person who falls because of a “tragic flaw”, a weakness in his own character.

It is concerned with the lives of ordinary people brought low by circumstances beyond their control. (realistic and on the seamy side of life)

It is a love story. The main characters are lovers; the secondary characters are comic.

It is comedy at its broadest. Much fun and horseplay enliven the action.

It is a love story. The main characters are lovers; the secondary characters are comic.

mixes sentimental emotion with its humor

It has a plot filled with pathos and menacing threats by a villain, but it does include comic relief and has a happy ending.

The action of the play comes from conflict of characters, how the stage people react to each other. The reactions make the play.

The sequence of events of which the story is composed.

The person who appears in the play and portrays the role.

The controlling idea or central insight.

It provides the substance of a play. Each word uttered by the character contributes to its effect as a whole.

The arrangement of theatrical space; the set, or setting, is the visual environment in which a play is performed.

is whatever is worn on the performer’s body.

can also be wigs, masks and make-up.

convey information about the character and aid in setting the tone or mood of the production.

A special element of costume is the

It indicates symbolically significant aspects of the character.

may also function as a mask, especially in Oriental theater, where faces may be painted with elaborate colors and images that exaggerate and distort facial features.

may be divided into preproduction and run of production.

is now generally recorded during the reproduction period. Any sound that cannot be created by a performer may be considered a sound effect.

The movement of the body in a rhythmic way, usually to music and within a given space for the purpose of expressing an idea or emotion, releasing energy, or simply taking delight in the movement itself.

are not just performing artists; their bodies are also the instrument through the art is created.

is the art of making dances, the gathering of organization of movement into order and pattern.

is a performing art, the survival of any dance work depends either on its being presented through traditions. Methods of recording dance are important in the preservation of its history.

Music, design, the drama have all played important roles in the evolution of dance, and in many cultures, dance has actually been inseparable from these arts.

All dances need to begin somewhere, build toward something, and come to a resolution (beginning, middle and end). When a dance builds in intensity and interest and reaches a high point, the high point is called

can be achieved by combining unlike movements.

movement phrases or parts of phrases is reassuring for an audience.

permits an audience to see the movements in more detail, allowing them to become familiar with the movement.

refer to the ordering movement in a meaningful way. This creates continuity, helping the audience follow the intent of the dance.

needed when movements and dance phrases are connected.

should promote continuity.

When all parts work together to contribute to the whole dance, there is

Every movement, no matter how brief, should work toward the intent of the composition.

within a dance composition can engage and hold an audience’s interest. It can be incorporated in several ways.

This type of dance has its origin in the royal courts of the middle ages.

convey a feeling of delicate beauty and lightness-ballet dancers’ graceful motions seem airy and effortless, and much of the movement is focused upward.

This dance is native to a particular ethnic group.

They are performed by dancers associated with national and cultural groups.

are often derived from ethnic dances.

Through these, we can discover a lot more about our own heritage.