ethnicity on underachievement in education

Chinese People’s had the highest of 76.3% of a strong pass in maths and English whereas black Caribbean has only 26.5%, In every ethnic group, girls do better, In every ethnic group, pupils obliged for free school meals are less likely to get a strong past than those not, Minority ethnic groups are less likely to get to a more prestigious uni, apart from Chinese and Indians, Class appears to be the most influential on achievement

Intellectual and logistics skills, Family structure, and parent support -Sewell, attitude and values

Says the children from low income, black families like intellectual stimulation and enrichment experiences. So leaves them poorly equipped for school. So may struggle with reasoning and problem-solving skills.

Gillborn and Mirza

Argues that Indian students are doing very well, even though despite having not having English as there first language

They see lack of motivation as the main cause of failure of black children, as they do not have the attitude and values for education. Contrast some cultural deprivation, sociologists say black children are socialised into some cultures that installs fatalistic views which does not value education and leave some unequipped for success.

Sewell

cultural deprivation, sociologists argue that this failure to socialise aquatically is the reason of dysfunctional family structures

A lack of underachievement is due to a lack of fatherly, nurturing or tough love. This results in black boys, finding it hard to overcome their emotional and behavioural difficulties of adolescence. Also developing auntie school black masculinity = poor results.

Black boys are more likely to be permanently excluded, Black boys are more likely to be put into lower streams and sat even if their abilities do you not reflect this, Black boys are 1.3 times more likely than white people is to be identified with a behavioural need.

Driver

says cultural deprivation theory ignores the positive effects of ethnicity on achievement. Black Caribbean families are not dysfunctional families as it provides girls with independent women.

the lack of physical necessities

Flaherty

Found that material deprivation and financial issues were an important factor in young children is poor attendance at school. 2006, only 33% of children receiving free school meals gained a five or more GCSE.

Swann

social class account for 50% of differences in achievement between ethnic groups. Lowest achievement, minorities, or ethnic groups that are in the lowest social class positions. Bangladesh and Pakistan peoples are more likely to be working-class and likely to do worse compared to Indians and whites.

Rex

shows how racism can cause social execution, and how this is worse than the poverty faced by ethnic minorities. Housing discrimination means minorities are more likely to be found in substandard accommodation than white people in the same social class.

Found the teachers were quicker to discipline black boys than others for the same behaviour says this is a result of teacher racialised expectations

Archer

The ideal pupil’s identity, Pathologised pubils identity, Demonised, people identity

A white middle-class masculine identity with normal sexuality will achieve through ability and initiative, which is seen as the correct way to achieve

An Asian deserving poor feminised identity, which has a tendency of being asexual, or of an oppressed sexuality. They are overachiever through hard work.

Black or white working-class individuals with a hyper sexualised identity. They tend to be an intelligent, led by deprived and underachievement.

teachers tend to see all black boys as rebels, despite how they may respond to teacher racism, negative labelling and streaming. This contributed to the underachievement of many black pupils

The rebels, the Conformists, the retreatists, The innovators

A tiny minority that has the biggest influence and a visible group. Have an anti-school subculture and possess an anti-authority masculinity.

The largest group who were keen to succeed so accepted schools goals and had friends from different ethnic backgrounds. Not a part of a subculture and did not want to be stereotyped by teachers.

tiny minority of isolated individuals who disconnect from both school and black sub cultures, and were despised by the rebels

The second largest group. They are pro education, but anti-school. They distance themselves from conformist which allows them to maintain credibility with rebels and value education.

He argues that external to school such as Street culture, and a lack of nurturing fathers are more important for underachievement

Because of marketisation, it gives school more scope to select people it allows negative stereotypes to interfere with decisions of schools, admissions.

shows procedures that lead to ethnic segregation minority. Pupils fail to get into better secondary schools due to discrimination e.g. they found that primary schools reports why are used to screen out people with learning difficulties when application process was defaulted. Also non-English-speaking parents will have difficulty understanding, so these mean that white people are favoured, they concluded that segregation leads to an ethnic stratification of education system

says that the curriculum focuses on white British culture and tries to re-create a mythical age of Empire and post-glory while largely ignoring the history of black and Asian people

argues that national curriculum is specifically British and focuses only on white culture, ignoring non-European languages literature and music.

As the evidence to suggest that ethnocentric curriculum may produce underachievement. However, this does not explain why Chinese and Indian pupils are still at the top of the league tables on educational achievement.