respiratory failure

19問 • 1年前

問題一覧

Is a general term used to describe the inability of the respiratory system to maintain an adequate amount of oxygen exchange between the alveoli and pulmonary capillaries or carbon dioxide removal out of the lungs and a combination of both

respiratory failure

The arterial blood gas criteria for respiratory failure in the normal individual are an anterior partial pressure of oxygen (pao2) __________ or an arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (paco2)______or a mixture of both

less than 60 mmhg greater than 50 mmhg

Respiratory failure is a life threatening clinical condition that the respiratory therapist must be 100% proficient in______,______,&______

recognizing assessing and managing

Respiratory disorder can cause one or more abnormal_________ which intern activate specific and very predictable,_________&_______which can progressively worsen if not identified and treated

anatomic alteration of the lungs pathophysiologic mechanism and clinical manifestation

The interrelationship between the anatomic alteration of the lungs the pathophysiologic mechanism and the clinical manifestations are collectively referred to as

clinical scenarios

What are the six major anatomic alteration of the lungs which interns cause six different clinical scenarios that can result in respiratory failure:

atelectasis alveolar consolidation increase alveolar capillary membrane thickness bronchospasm excessive bronchial secretion distal airway and alveolar weakening

Atelectasis can occur from:

mucus pluging upper abdominal surgery pneumothorax and flail chest

Alveolar consolidation caused by

pneumonia

Increase alveolar capillary membrane thickness such as

ards pneumoconiosis or pulmonary edema

Bronchospasm such as

asthma

Excessive bronchial secretions such as

chronic bronchitis

Distal airway and alveolar weakening such as

emphysema

In severe cases any of the six abdominal alteration of the lungs can lead to clinical scenario that ends in

respiratory failure

Respiratory failure is commonly classified as either:

hypoxemic respiratory failure or type 1 hypercapnic respiratory failure or type 2 or combination of both

Is used when the primary problem is inadequate oxygenation exchange between the alveoli and pulmonary capillaries system which result in a decrease in pao2.

hypoxemic respiratory failure or type 1

Is used when the primary problems alveolar hypoventilation which result in a increase in paco2 and without supplemental oxygen a decrease in pao2

hypercapnic respiratory failure

In the clinical setting hypercapnic respiratory failure is commonly called

ventilatory failure

In hypercapnic ventilatory failure based on the paco2 and ph value ventilatory failure is further classified as being either

acute ventilatory failure (high paco2 and the low ph) chronic ventilatory failure (high paco2 and a normal ph)

Because acute ventilatory changes are often seen in patient with chronic ventilatory failure the patient may also present with either:

acute alveolar hyperventilation superimposed on chronic ventilatory failure acute ventilatory failure superimposed on chronic ventilatory failure

community-acquired acute pneumonia

Monica Ramos · 21問 · 3年前

community-acquired acute pneumonia