physiology of Respiration

通報

問題一覧

what are the 4 function of the lung?

gas exchange host defense metabolic function excretory function

gaseous interchange between an organism and the environment

respiration

what is the ultimate goal of respiration

is to oxygenate the tissues

refers to the provisions of fresh air into the lungs

ventilation

it is only a part of respiration

ventilation

what are the 4 processes of respiration

1. pulmonary ventilation 2. alveolar gas exchange 3. gas transport 4. cellular respiration

move from environment from the atmosphere to the lungs and to aerate the lungs

pulmonary ventilation

Also known as gaseous interchange. there should be a diffusion from the lungs to the blood and co2 from blood to alveoli

alveolar gas exchange

transport O2 from the lungs into the tissues, CO2 from tissues to the lungs

gas transport

utilization of O2 and production of CO2

cellular respiration

the total amount of air inspired/ expired during one minute

pulmonary ventilation

what is the total ventilation?

7500 ml/min 15(mean of rr) × 500 (resting Vt)

not all air will go to the alveoli and will involve in gas exchange, some air stays in the ________?

conducting zone (anatomic deadspace) 150 ml

at FRC, the lungs have the tendency to ______(_____); the chest wall have the tendency to ______(_____) due to recoil forces creating intrapleural pressure (_________)

recoil inwards (collapse) recoil outward (expand) negative pressure

the amount of inspired air that is available for gas exchange each minute

alveolar ventilation

what is the formula for alveolar ventilation?

AV= (TIDAL VOLUME -DEADSPACE) × BREATHS/MIN

pressure of the fluid in the thin space between the lungs pleurw and chest wsll pleura

pleural pressure

pressure of the air inside the lung alveoli

alveolar pressure

dirrerence between pleural pressure and alveolar pressure

transpulmonary pressure

outer layer and attached to the chest wall

parietal pleura

inner layer and cover the lungs, blood vessels, nerves and bronchi

visceral pleura

factors affecting ventilation distribution:

pleural surface tension gravity lung distensibility resistance to airflow lung volume

well known factors that affect ventilation distribution

gravity (upright position)

when pressure inside the lung is change, the anatomical continuity of pleural pressure it will lead to ?

dyspnea

in what zone has a very minimal flow observed

zone 1

in what zone has the intermittent Flow observe

zone 2

in what zone has the best flow observed

zone 3

Palv>Pa>Pv

zone 1

Pa>Palv>Pv

zone 2

Pa>Pv>Palv

zone 3

ratio of alveolar ventilation to pulmonary blood flow

V/Q ratio

important to achieve gas exchange

V/Q RATIO

what is the normal VQ ratio?

0.8

diffusion of 02 and CO2 through the respiratory membrane

external respiration

volume of gas that diffuses through the membrane each minute for the pressure difference of 1 mmhg

diffusion capacity

oxygen is carried in blood in two forms

dissolving plasma(1-3%) and bound to hemoglobin(97%)

carbon dioxide in blood forms

dissolve carbon dioxide carbominohemoglobin bicarbonate (90%)

production of atp

glycolysis krebs cycle etc ( electron transport chain)

two types of substrate level phosphorylation

glycolysis and krebs cycle

oxidative phosphorylation

electron transport chain

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