pft

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the most basic test of pulmonary function is the measurement of

vital capacity (VC)

this test simply measure the largest volume of air that can be moved into or out of the lungs

vital capacity

he developed a simple water seal spirometer that allows measurement of what he named vital capacity are vital breath as he noted its relationship to the survival

mid 1800s hutchinson

vital capacity was usually ____ ____ ____ _____which allows subdivisions of the vital capacity to be identified

graphed on chart paper

is an advancement of the simple vital capacity test

forced vital capacity

he observed that patients with asthma or emphysema exhaled more slowly than healthy individual

1930 barach

____ noted that airway out of the lungs was important in detecting abstraction by of the airway

barach

barack use a rotating chart Drum ______ to display vital capacity changes as a____

kymograph spirogram

who evaluated the effect of bronchodilator medication using the FVC traced as a spirogram

barach

who describe measuring the volume expired in the first second at a maximum acceleration in proportion to the maximum volume that could be inspired ( FEV1/IVC) as an index of airflow obstruction

1947 tiffeneau

home again using a microswitch in conjunction with a water sealed spirometer to time FVC

1950 gaensler

you observed that healthy patients consistently exhaled approximately 80% of their fdc in one second and almost all of the fvc in three seconds

gaensler

he used the force expired volume in the first second (FEV1) to assess airway obstruction

gaensler 1950

who demonstrated a traffic method used to assess airflow

1955 leuallen and Fowler

who measured air flow between 25% and 75% points on a force expiratory spirogram. this measure was described as the _____

1955 leuallen and Fowler maximal midexpiratory flow rate

MMFR is no referred to as the

force expiratory flow 25% to 75% (FEF 25%-75%)

who began using the flow volume display to assess the area function and the tracing was trimmed the______

Hyatt and others 1950s maximal expiratory flow volume (MEFV) curve

by combining the force expiratory with an inspiratory maneuver a closed-loop can be displayed called

flow volume loop

____ is measured using either a flow sensing spirometer or peak flow meter

peak expiratory flow (PEF)

who popularized the use of peak flow to monitor asthmatic patient

1960s wright and mckerrow

___,____and ,___, along with ___, are all used to measure response to bronchodilator medication

FVC, FEV1 and OTHER FLOW- VOLUME LOOPS

this test is used to assess airway response after a challenge to the airway

bronchial challenge or bronchial provocation test

bronchial challenge maybe in a form of a____ or ____

non specific inhaled agent( methacholine) and physical agent (exercise)

maximal voluntary ventilation (MVV) he's also known as

maximal breathing capacity (MBC)

in the mvv test, the patient's breath rapidly and deeply for______

12-15 seconds

MVV GIVES AN ESTIMATE OF THE PEAK VENTILATION AVAILABLE TO MEET______

physiologic demands

measurement of the respiratory muscle strength is accomplished by assessing______ and ______

maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) AND maximal expiratory pressure (MEP)

MIP and MEP is done using either a_______ or ___________

pressure transducer or a simple aneroid manometer

important adjuncts to spirometry for monitoring respiratory muscle function in a variety of pulmonary and non pulmonary disease

MIP and MEP

who developed the first device to assess these parameters and turn the device "bugle" because the expiratory maneuver was similar to going into a bugle

black and hyatt

they perfected the technique that provided estimates of alveolar pressure

comroe, dubois, and others

this simplified the measurement of the required signal so that plethysmography is widely used

microprocessor

is measured by passing a small balloon into the esophagus to measure plural pressure

lung compliance

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