respiratory assessment

74問 • 3年前

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reflex response to stimuli, irritate receptor in the larynx the trachea or bronchi, mucus, pus, blood, allergens,dust , foreign bodies or even extremely hot and cold

cough

chronic cough that is greater than eight weeks duration with wheezing

asthma

cough with a post nasal drip or sinus congestion or headache

upper airway cough syndrome

irritating chronic dry cough

esophageal reflux and acid irritation of the airway

cough that wakes a patient from sleep is a symptoms of

cardiac failure and or reflux of acid

chronic cough that is productive and large volume of purulent sputum

bronchiectasis

cough associated with recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy--halo sounds--vocal cords are un able to close completely

bovine cough

cough that is worst at night

asthma or hf

cough after eating or drinking, incorporate swallowing or esophageal reflux

or rarely, a TEF

less than three weeks

acute cough

cough that is greater than eight weeks

chronic cough

cough that is 3-8 weeks

subacute cough

copd/bronchiectasis without current infection/rhinitis

clear(mucoid)

infection and contain wbcs, lower respiratory tract infection or asthma

yellow (mucopurulent)

current infection-acute disease or exacerbation of chronic disease such as copd

green (purulent)

pneumococcal pneumonia what color of sputum

red/brown (rusty)

acute pulmonary edema

pink (serous/frothy)

used to guide the need for antibiotic treatment

color of sputum

appear thick, colored and sticky

purulent sputum

sputum that is foul smelling

fatid

clear, thick sputum commonly seen in patient with asthma

mucoid

translucent, white or gray--viral infection in cystic fibrosis

mucoid sputum

yellow or green bacterial pneumonia

purulent sputum

anaerobic lung abscesse

foul smelling sputum

thick tenacious sputum

bronchiectasis and lung abscess

large volume of purulent sputum

bronchiectasis

foul smelling sputum but often settle into several layer

<20 ml in 24 hours -streak of blood discoloriy sputum

mild

>250 ml of blood 24hours-- medical emergency

massive

a sudden episode of a small volume of blood with pleuritic and breathlessness

pulmonary embolism

recurrent streaks of blood in clear sputum

lung cancer

recurrent blood streaks in purulent sputum over week-__________ over years-_______

tuberculosis or cancer with infection bronchiectasis

22 respiratory or cardiac disease or lack of physical fitness or anxiety

dyspnea

pneumothorax, pulmonary embolus or acute allergy

instantaneous

asthma, acute pulmonary edema or acute infection

onset over hours

develope effusion interstitial disease and tumor

insidious onset

is characteristically pleuritic in nature

pleural pain

worse inspiration and coughing -- sharp, stabbing or knife-like

pleuritic pain

either direct pleural fluid inflammation or adhesion with plural traction on expiratory movement

pneumonia and pulmonary infarcts

mechanical distortion of pleura with lung collapse

pneumothorax

diminish appetite and the systemic inflammatory response

breathlessness

loss of appetite

acute infection

poor prognostic indicator in any chronic respiratory disease

underweight

dyspnea while lying down inadequate diaphragmatic movement during ventilation

orthopnea

triggered by assuming the upright position

platypnea

oxygen desaturation on assuming an upright position

orthodeoxia

shortness of breath after being in bed for several hours cardiac patient and results in acute pulmonary edema

paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea

occurs when a patient with unilateral lung disease lies with the affected side

trepopnea

patient with cardiopulmonary disease severity is determined by the amount of exertion

exertional dyspnea

arterial desaturation and involve the skin mucous membrane lips and tongue

central cyanosis

increase oxygen uptake in peripheral tissues it is not associated with arterial desaturation

peripheral cyanosis

common in respiratory patient effect of high-dose beta agonist bronchodilators on skeletal muscle

fine tremor

patient with co2 retention

course flapping tremor

occurs when a significant number of chronic respiratory disorder decrease oxygen delivery to the tissues

clubbing

tenderness over the sinuses on palpation

sinusitis

palpable vibrations transmitted through the bronchopulmonary 3 to the chest wall as the patient is a speaking and is normally symmetric

fremitus

unilateral pleural effusion, pneumothorax or neoplasm. decreases transmission of low frequency sound

asymmetric decreased fremitus

unilateral pneumonia which increases transmission through consolidated tissue

asymmetric increased fremitus

one of the most important techniques of physical examination. sets the chest wall and underlying tissue in motion producing audible sounds and palpable vibration---airfield, fluid-filled, or consolidated

percussion

high pitch sound of long duration--over areas with equal distribution of air and tissue

resonance

a loud, low pitch sound of long duration---over areas that contain a greater proportion of air than tissue

hyperresonance

medium intensity and pitch of short duration---areas that contain a higher proportion of tissue or fluid than air--atelectasis consolidation plural effusion pleural thickening floral

dullness

low amplitude and pitch-areas that contain a higher proportion of tissue than air. massive pleural effusion, massive atelectasis pneumonectomy.

flatness

a drum like sounds, tension pneumothorax

tympany

the most important technique for assessing airflow through the tracheobronchial tree

auscultation

generate confusing crackling sound that interfere with auscultation

bedclothes, paper gowns, and even chest hair

loud, low pitch bubbling or cracking or gurgling sound. nurturing inspiration or expiration--flowing to the airway constant vision on fluid

coarse crackles

high pitch cracking at the end inspiration

fine crackles

musical quality airflow through constricted airway

wheezes

commonly featuring inspiration produce as air passes through the narrowed upper airway

stridor

a clicking or grating sound friction that is produced as the parietal and visceral pleural rub against each other

pleural friction rub

noisy low pitch briefing during inhalation airway obstruction usually above the larynx vibration of the tissue of the nasa pharynx or soft palate

stertor

low pitch continuous abnormal long sound

rhonchi

cracking sensation proton palpating the skin of the chest or neck. inspection there is often diffuse swelling on the chest wall and neck caused by air trapping from the lungs and is usually due to the knew

subcutaneous emphysema

community-acquired acute pneumonia

Monica Ramos · 21問 · 3年前

community-acquired acute pneumonia