cardiopulmonary rehabilitation

100問 • 2年前

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aims to help improve quality of life in such patients and reduce the burden of chronic respiratory diseases

pulmonary rehabilitation

the restoration of the individual to the fullest medical mental emotional social and vocational potential of which he or she is capable

rehabilitation

physical activities such as aerobic exercises increases energy demands. to maintain homeostasis during exercise to cardiorespiratory system must keep pace

physical reconditioning

normal respiratory rate depth and rhythm

eupnea

decrease respiratory rate less than 12 bpm variable depth and irregular rhythm

bradypnea

increase respiratory rate more than 20 bpm

tachypnea

shortness of breath

dyspnea

cessation of breathing

apnea

what color does a healthy mucus is

clear

indicates that an allergy or sinus infection is present

white

is a sign that your body may be starting the fight of some types of infection

yellow

is a sign of a viral or bacterial infection

green

this is always the sign of pulmonary edema this color comes from the fluid in the lungs

pink

this means that there is a blood mix with the mucus

red or brown

indicates that the presence of smoker or has been breathing polluted air

black

also known as the pigeon chest

pectus carinatum

also known as funnel chest

pectus excavatum

hunchback or convex spinal curve

kyphosis

lateral curvature of the spine

scoliosis

a combination of kyphosis and scoliosis

kyphoscoliosis

anterior protrusion of the sternum

pectus carinatum

depression of the parts or all of the sternum

pectus excavatum

patient lying face down

prone

patient lying on spine

supine

supine position in which an individual lies on their back of the bed which the head of the bed elevated between 30 to 45 degree

semi fowler position

bed angle is between 45° and 60°

fowler position

lateral position or side lying position

lateral recumbent position

normal airfilled lung

resonance

area over sternum muscles or bony

flatness

areas over fluid filled organ

dullness

areas over air filled organ

tympany

a breath sounds due to secretions or fluids

crackles or rales

abnormal breath sounds do to bronchospasm

wheeses

abnormal breath sounds due to the upper airway obstruction

stridor

a course grating sound

pleural friction rub

Normal airway clearance requires ____,______,_____, and ______.

patent airway functional mucociliary escalator adequate hydration effective cough

primary goal of airway clearance therapy?

improve mobilization of secretion remove retrained secretion prevent accumulation of secretion

removal of these retained secretions may improve:

gas exchange promote alveolar expansion reduce the work of breathing

indication of acute Condition

copious secretion inability to mobilize secretion patient with retained secretions or ineffective cough

indication of chronic condition

cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis ciliary dyskinetic syndrome COPD patients with retained secretions

hazards and contraindications of airway clearance therapy

head and neck injury until stabilize active hemorrhage with hemodynamic instability intracranial pressure greater than 20 mmhg recent spinal surgery or acute spinal surgery hemoptysis

involves placing the patient in various position to drain secretion from specific lang segment into the central airway. the technique uses gravity to mobilize separation for removal by coughing or suctioning

postural drainage

in postural drainage a specific position is typically held for_______ or longer in severe cases. the length of the therapy depends on the patient's condition and ability to tolerate the body positioning

3-15 minutes

what are the complications of postural drainage

hypoxemia increase intracranial pressure acute hypertension pulmonary hemorrhage injury to muscle ribs or spine aspiration vomiting bronchospasm arrhythmias

is an airway clearance technique that helps clear secretion improve ventilation and strengthen the muscle involved in breathing

chest physical therapy

chest physical therapy it's effectiveness in mobilizing separation using of the three_____, ,_____,____

positioning, gravity, and mechanical energy

the technique involves striking the patient's chest with your hands, a cough or an automatic percussor to loosen secretion from the airway walls. then they can easier to remove by coughing or suction

cpt chest physical therapy

a technique performed by a respiratory therapist involve striking the patient's chest wall with caffed hands

manual percussion

rhythmic percussions over a targeted area or perform for_______ minutes as the technique is perform back and forth in a circular pattern

3 to 5 minutes

involved a pneumatic or electrical device to deliver vibrations at the controllable frequency. this method is preferred because it reduces fatigue decreases treatment time and deliver consistent impact forces

mechanical percussion

is a coughing method that forces mucus up your trolls by breathing in holding it and actively exhaling

huff cough

should be used to prevent small airway compression due to high pleural pressure during the force cough in patient with copd cystic fibrosis and bronchiectasis

half coughing or forced expiratory technique FET

it is the compression of the diaphragm by another person to replace the work of abdominal muscle in order to facilitate a cough

manuel assisted cough

in manual assisted cough patient with____________ _____ present a special challenge in cough management

neuromuscular condition

patient with neuromuscular condition typically or unable to generate the forceful expulsion needed to move secretion to wards the trachea. if these problem result in retained secretion there are only three option:

1. placement of an artificial airway and removal of section by suctioning 2. manually assisted cough 3. mie

combines different breathing techniques that help clear mucus from the lungs in the three phases

active cycle breathing technique

active cycle of breathing technique consists of repeated cycle of

breathing control thoracic expansion FET

soft drainage and uses different speeds of breathing to move mucus

autogenic drainage

is another modification of . opted coughing design as an airway clearance mechanism that can be performed independently by train patient

autogenic drainage

in autogenic drainage the patient uses diaphragmatic breathing to mobilize secretion by varying lang volume and expiratory airflow in three distinct phases:

phase 1: unsticking phase 2: collecting phase 3: evacuation

mechanical insufflation exsfflation is also called

cough assist device

used to manage the creation in patient with certain neuromuscular disorder ( those who are not able to demonstrate a peak cough flow greater than 180 liters per minute or not able to generate an an effective cough)

mechanical insulation exsfflation

helps prevent respiratory complication in patients with neuromuscular disease by helping them generate sufficient expiratory flow rates needed for effective secretion clearance

MIE

a typical treatment session with the mie consists of about______ cycle followed by a period of normal spontaneous or assisted breathing

5 cycle

it is infrequent and reduced by decreasing airway pressure during insufflation not exsfflation

abdominal distension

MIE is contraindicated in patients with a history of bullous emphysema or previous barotrauma such as

pneumothorax or pneumomediastinum

are used to help mobilize secretion and treat atelectasis

pap adjuncts

this method are usually paired with another airway clearance technique such as directed cough

PAP Adjuncts

involves active expiration against a fixed orifice flow resistor or variable orifice threshold restore capable of developing pressure of 10 to 20 cm h 2 o

pep therapy

helps move secretion into the larger airway by providing a constant back pressure that prevents airway collapse during expiration and the airway behind the mucus fills via collateral ventilation

Pep therapy

oscillating positive expiratory pressure some refer to these as a

vibratory pep

a device provide rapid fluctuation in airway pressure as the patient exhale

vibratory p e p

determine the picture

flutter

determine the picture

theraPEP

determine the picture

Acapella

determine the picture

aerobika

determine the picture

RC- cornet

determine the picture

high-frequency chest wall oscillation

determine the picture

high-frequency positive airway pressure device or ipv

determine the picture

mechanical insufflation- exsfflation

determine the picture

electrically powered mechanical percussor

uses a pneumatic device to deliver a rapid series of pressurized cost mini burst at rate of 200 to 300 cycle per minute(1.7-5Hz) to the airway

intrapulmonary percussion ventilator IPV or HFPAP

a device which uses similar characteristics that provides a pneumatic form of chest physiotherapy

metaneb

determine the picture

metaneb

are passive oscillatory device. this device uses a two-party system: a variable air pulse generator a non stretch inflatable best that wraps around the patient's entire torso

high-frequency chest wall compression

a device that is an alternative to vest device

byphasic cuirass ventilation (BCV)

it may be used to provide non-invasive ventilation and or a cough assist. it uses a chest cuirass or shell that encompasses the anterior chest wall

byphasic cuirass ventilation

increase respiratory rate rhythm and depth

hyperpnea

slowly shallow breathing

hypopnea

shortness of breath when lying down

orthopnea

shortest of breath in a standing or sitting position

platypnea

attack of severe shortness of breath and coughing at night

paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea

abnormal breathing with alternating progressively deeper breath and shallow breathing with apne

chayne-stoke respiration

rapid breathing with irregular apnea periods with identical breadth depth in its cycle

biot's respiration

deep and fast breathing with an irregular rhythm of an associated with diabetic ketoacidosis

kussmaul respiration

abnormal breathing with tip gasping inspiration pulse and full inspiration and brief insufficient release

apneustic

normal dyspnea after unusual exertion

grade 1

breathlessness after going up hills or stairs

grade 2

dyspnea a while walking at the normal speed

grade 3

100

dyspnea when slowly walking short distance

grade 4

community-acquired acute pneumonia

Monica Ramos · 21問 · 3年前

community-acquired acute pneumonia