Test 2 Seidel's Part II

98問 • 1年前

問題一覧

Baby Sue is born with an imperforate anus. However, her outward anal appearance is normal. Which sign would indicate to the healthcare provider that she has a closed anal passageway?

Failure to pass meconium stool

In males, which surface of the prostate gland is accessible by digital examination?

Posterior

The prostatic sulcus

divides the right and left lateral lobes

The rectal past medical history of all patients should include inquiry about?

hemorrhoid surgery

The effects of aging on the gastrointestinal system leads to more frequent experiences of?

constipation

Factors associated with increased risk of prostate cancer include?

African descent

The caliber of the urinary stream is routine information in the history of?

older adults

Equipment for examination of the anus, rectum, and prostate routinely includes gloves and?

a lubricant and penlight

Which is a risk factor for colorectal cancer?

Inherited BRAC2 mutation

Nodules found in the peritoneum through the anterior rectal wall

are called shelf lesion

Perianal abscesses, fissures, or pilonidal cysts will cause the patient to experience?

tenderness and inflammation

Palpation of the anal ring is done by?

rotation of the forefinger inside the anus

The posterior surface of the prostate can be located by palpation of the?

anterior wall of the rectum

The cervix may be palpated through the

anterior rectal wall

Your patient’s chief complaint is repeated, pencil-like stools. Further examination should include?

a digital rectal examination (DRE)

Very light tan or gray stools may indicate?

obstructive jaundice

Tarry black stools should increase suspicion for?

upper intestinal tract bleeding

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening is controversial because?

no data have proved that it decreases mortality

Which finding in an infant may indicate lower spinal deformities?

Dimpling in the pilonidal area

A lower spinal cord lesion may be indicated by which finding?

Lack of an anal wink

Pinworms and Candida may both cause?

perirectal irritation

Thrombosed hemorrhoids are?

blue, shiny, painful masses

Palpation of a normal prostate in an older adult is likely to feel?

rubbery

Mr. Dunn is a 62-year-old man who has presented for a routine annual examination. On examination of the prostate you note a hard, irregular, painless nodule and obliteration of the median sulcus. These are signs of?

cancer of the prostate

The mother brings her 4-year-old to the clinic because the child complains of perianal itching. As part of your examination you complete a cellulose tape test. The cellulose tape test is used for the detection of?

enterobiasis

Mr. Sweeney is a 58-year-old man who has presented for a routine annual prostate examination. On examination, you note a normal prostate gland. Which of the following characteristics should describe the normal prostate?

About 4 cm in diameter, Gland protruding 1 cm into the rectum, and Firm, smooth, and slightly movable

The type of joint that has the widest range of motion in all planes is the?

ball-and-socket

Spinal vertebrae are separated from each other by?

disks

The joint where the humerus, radius, and ulna articulate is the?

elbow

The articulation of the radius and carpal bones is the?

wrist

The tibia, fibula, and talus articulate to form the?

ankle

Long bones in children have growth plates known as?

epiphyses

The elasticity of pelvic ligaments and softening of cartilage in a pregnant woman are the result of?

increased hormone secretion

Skeletal changes in older adults are the result of?

increased bone resorption

The family history for a patient with joint pain should include information about siblings with?

genetic disorders

Risk factors for sports-related injuries include?

failure to warm up before activity

Light skin and thin body habitus are risk factors for?

osteoporosis

Inquiry about nocturnal muscle spasms would be most significant when taking the musculoskeletal history of?

older adults

The musculoskeletal examination should begin when?

the patient enters the examination room

Fasciculation occurs after injury to a muscle’s?

motor neuron

The physical assessment technique most frequently used to assess joint symmetry is?

inspection

A goniometer is used to assess?

range of motion

When palpating joints, crepitus may occur when?

irregular bony surfaces rub together

The temporomandibular joint is palpated

anterior to the tragus

The temporalis and masseter muscles are evaluated by?

having the patient clench his or her teeth

The strength of the trapezius muscle is evaluated by having the patient?

push his or her head against the examiner’s hand

Expected normal findings during the inspection of spinal alignment include?

the head positioned superiorly to the gluteal cleft

A common finding in markedly obese patients and pregnant women is?

lordosis

A wheelchair-dependent older woman would most likely develop skin breakdown at?

the gibbus

When the patient flexes forward at the waist, which spinal observation would lead you to suspect scoliosis?

Lateral curvature of the spine

When a patient abducts an arm and the ipsilateral scapula becomes more prominent (winged), this usually means that?

there has been an injury to the nerve of the anterior serratus muscle

When the shoulder contour is asymmetric and one shoulder has hollows in the rounding contour, you would suspect?

a dislocated shoulder

Ulnar deviation and swan neck deformities are characteristics of?

rheumatoid arthritis

A finding that is indicative of osteoarthritis is (are)?

Heberden nodesswan

Carpal tunnel syndrome would result in?

reduced abduction of the thumb

Cardinal signs for rheumatoid disorders include which of the following?

Gradual onset, Joint tenderness, and Sleep disturbance

The wrist moves in?

flexion and extension, and adduction and abduction

The autonomic nervous system coordinates which of the following?

Internal organs of the body

The major function of the sympathetic nervous system is to?

orchestrate the stress response

The parasympathetic nervous system maintains the day-to-day function of?

digestion

Cerebrospinal fluid serves as a?

shock absorber

Diabetic peripheral neuropathy will likely produce?

diminished pain sensation

The thalamus is the major integration center for the perception of?

pain

The awareness of body position is known as?

proprioception

Which area of the brain maintains temperature control?

Hypothalamus

If a patient cannot shrug his or her shoulders against resistance, which cranial nerve (CN) requires further evaluation?

CN XI, spinal accessory

Motor maturation proceeds in an orderly progression from?

head to toe

Normal changes of the aging brain include?

diminished perception of touch

The area of body surface innervated by a particular spinal nerve is called a?

dermatome

A neurologic past medical history should include data about?

circulatory problems

Which is the technique most often used for evaluating the neurologic system?

inspection

When assessing superficial pain, touch, vibration, and position perceptions, you are testing?

sensory function

You are initially evaluating the equilibrium of Ms. Q. You ask her to stand, with her feet together and arms at her sides. She loses her balance. Ms. Q has a positive?

Romberg sign

The finger to nose test allows assessment of?

coordination and fine motor function

You are performing a two-point discrimination test as part of a well physical examination. The area with the ability to discern two points in the shortest distance is the?

fingertips

As Mr. B enters the room, you observe that his gait is wide-based and he staggers from side to side while swaying his trunk. You would document Mr. B’s pattern as?

cerebellar ataxia

Deep pressure tests are used mostly for patients who are experiencing?

absent superficial pain sensation

Vibratory sensory testing should be routinely done for the patient with?

diabetes

To assess a cremasteric reflex, the nurse strokes the?

inner thigh and observes whether the testicle and scrotum rise on the stroked side

When you ask a patient to close his or her eyes and identify an object placed in the hand, you are evaluating?

stereognosis

The ability to recognize a number traced on the skin is called?

graphesthesia

Which condition is consistent with Brown-Séquard syndrome?

Motor paralysis on the lesion side of the body

To assess spinal levels L2, L3, and L4, which deep tendon reflex should be tested?

Patellar

When using a monofilament to assess sensory function, the nurse?

applies pressure to the monofilament until the filament bends

Visible or palpable extension of the elbow is caused by reflex contraction of which muscle?

Triceps

It is especially important to test for ankle clonus if?

deep tendon reflexes are hyperactive

On a scale of 1+ to 4+, which deep tendon reflex score is appropriate for a finding of clonus in a patient?

Which sign is associated with meningitis and intracranial hemorrhage?

Nuchal rigidity

Cranial nerve XII may be assessed in an infant by?

observing the infant suck and swallow

You are most concerned for the infant who has a?

strong tonic neck at 6 months

At what age should the infant begin to transfer objects from hand to hand?

7 months

An acute polyneuropathy that commonly follows a nonspecific infection occurring 10 to 14 days earlier and that primarily affects the motor and autonomic peripheral nerves in an ascending pattern is?

Guillain-Barré syndrome

Which is a concern, rather than an expected finding, in older adults?

Bilateral pillrolling of the fingers

Which condition is potentially life-threatening if not treated expeditiously with antibiotics?

Bacterial meningitis

Ipsilateral Horner syndrome indicates a cerebrovascular accident (CVA) occurring in the?

posterior inferior cerebellar artery

The immune system attacks the synaptic junction between the nerve and muscle fibers, blocking acetylcholine receptor sites in?

myasthenia gravis

Persons with Parkinson disease have an altered gait characterized by?

short shuffling steps

The tests for cortical sensory function include which of the following?

Two-point discrimination, Extinction phenomenon, and Touch

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