Test 2 Seidel's Part I

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Montgomery tubercles are most prominent in the breasts of?

pregnant women

Most women with breast cancer

risk increases with aging

A 50-year-old woman presents as a new patient. Which finding in her personal and social history would increase her risk profile for developing breast cancer?

Nulliparity

If your patient has nipple discharge, you will most likely need a?

glass slide and fixative

While examining a 30-year-old woman, you note that one breast is slightly larger than the other. In response to this finding, you should?

note the finding in the patient’s record

A 23-year-old white woman has come to the clinic because she has missed two menstrual periods. She states that her breasts have enlarged and that her nipples have turned a darker color. Your response to this finding is to?

suggest pregnancy testing

In patients with breast cancer, peau d’orange skin is often first evident

on or around the nipple

A firm, transverse ridge of compressed tissue is felt bilaterally along the lower edge of a 40-year-old patient’s breast. You should?

ask the patient to have a mammogram as soon as possible

When examining axillary lymph nodes, the patient’s arm is?

flexed at the elbow

Male gynecomastia associated with illicit or prescription drug use can be expected to?

resolve after the drug is discontinued

A nursing mother complains that her breasts are tender. You assess hard, shiny, and erythemic breasts bilaterally. You should advise the patient to

massage gently and continue nursing

You are conducting a clinical breast examination for your 30-year-old patient. Her breasts are symmetric, with bilateral, multiple tender masses that are freely movable and with well-defined borders. You recognize that these symptoms and assessment findings are consistent with?

fibrocystic changes

Your patient is a nursing mother who asks you to look at a mole she has under her left breast at the inframammary fold. The mole is nontender and soft and has grown in size since she started nursing. There are no other changes to the mole. This mole probably represents an undiagnosed?

supernumerary nipple

When conducting a clinical breast examination, the examiner should?

inspect both breasts simultaneously

Mrs. Weber is a 65-year-old patient who has presented at the clinic with a complaint of a tender breast mass that she discovered during breast self-examination. You have completed a physical examination on Mrs. Weber and have palpated a mass of the right breast in the lower outer quadrant. When providing patient education to Mrs. Weber regarding the breast mass, you will explain that the characteristics of a cancerous mass would be which of the following?

Immobile and firm, Irregular border edges, and Nontender

Ms. Lawson is a 41-year-old patient who presents for a routine annual examination. During her breast examination, you are also completing a lymphatic examination. Which of the following lymph nodes are examined during a breast examination?

Supraclavicular, Lateral axillary nodes, and Posterior cervical nodes

Mrs. James is 7 months’ pregnant and states that she has developed a problem with constipation. She eats a well-balanced diet and is usually regular. You should explain that constipation is common during pregnancy because of changes in the colorectal areas, such as?

decreased movement through the colon and increased water absorption from the stool

The family history of a patient with diarrhea and abdominal pain should include inquiry about cystic fibrosis because it is?

one cause of malabsorption syndrome

When assessing abdominal pain in a college-age woman, one must include?

the first day of the last menstrual period.

Infants born weighing less than 1500 g are at higher risk for?

necrotizing enterocolitis

You are completing a general physical examination on Mr. Rock, a 39-year-old man with complaints of constipation. When examining a patient with tense abdominal musculature, a helpful technique is to have the patient?

flex his or her knees

Mrs. Little is a 44-year-old patient who presents to the office with abdominal pain and fever. During your examination, you ask the patient to raise her head and shoulders while she lies in a supine position. A midline abdominal ridge rises. You document this observation as a(n)?

diastasis recti

Mr. Robins is a 45-year-old man who presents to the emergency department with a complaint of constipation. During auscultation, you note borborygmi sounds. This is associated with?

gastroenteritis

To document absent bowel sounds correctly, one must listen continuously for?

5 minutes

Percussion of the abdomen begins with establishing?

overall dullness and tympany in all quadrants

When percussing a spleen, Traube space is a?

semilunar region

Your patient is complaining of acute, intense, sharp epigastric pain that radiates to the back and left scapula, with nausea and vomiting. Based on this history, your prioritized physical examination should be to?

inspect for ecchymosis of the flank

To assess for liver enlargement in the obese person, you should?

auscultate using the scratch technique

An umbilical assessment in the newborn that is of concern is

one umbilical artery and two veins

Your patient presents with symptoms that lead you to suspect acute appendicitis. Which assessment finding is least likely to be associated with this condition?

Consistent right lower quadrant (RLQ) pain

When using the bimanual technique for palpating the abdomen, you should?

push down with the top hand and concentrate on sensation with the bottom hand

Flatulence, diarrhea, dysuria, and tenderness with abdominal palpation are findings usually associated with?

diverticulitis

A 51-year-old woman calls with complaints of weight loss and constipation. She reports enlarged hemorrhoids and rectal bleeding. You advise her to?

come to the laboratory for a stool guaiac test

Costovertebral angle tenderness should be assessed whenever you suspect that the patient may have?

pyelonephritis

A mother brings her 2-year-old child for you to assess. The mother feels a lump whenever she fastens the child’s diaper. Nephroblastoma is a likely diagnosis for this child when your physical examination of the abdomen reveals a(n)?

nontender, slightly movable, flank mass

In older adults, overflow fecal incontinence is commonly caused by?

fecal impaction

Your patient is a 48-year-old woman with complaints of severe cramping pain in the abdomen and right flank. Her past medical history includes a history of bladder calculi. You diagnose her with renal calculi at this time. Which of the following symptoms would you expect with her diagnosis?

Abdominal pain on palpation, CVA tenderness, Fever, and Hematuria

Your patient returns to the office with multiple complaints regarding her abdomen. Which of the following are objective findings?

Dullness on percussion, Rebound tenderness, Diarrhea, and Burning pain in epigastrium

Your patient returns to the office with multiple complaints regarding her abdomen. Which of the following are objective findings?

Dullness on percussion, Rebound tenderness, Diarrhea, and Burning pain in epigastrium

Posteriorly, the labia minora meet as two ridges that fuse to form the?

fourchette

A cervical polyp usually appears as a?

bright red, soft protrusion from the endocervical canal

Which structure is located posteriorly on each side of the vaginal orifice?

Bartholin glands

During sexual excitement, how is the vaginal introitus lubricated?

The Bartholin glands secrete mucus

The vaginal mucosa of a woman of childbearing years should appear?

transversely rugated

The adnexa of the uterus are composed of the?

fallopian tubes and ovaries

A bluish color to the cervix during pregnancy is called (the)?

Chadwick sign

The pelvic joint that separates most appreciably during late pregnancy is the?

symphysis

Pregnancy-related cervical changes include?

softening and bluish coloring

Mrs. Robinson, a 49-year-old patient, presents to the office complaining of missing her menstrual period. She asks about menopause. You explain to her that the conventional definition of menopause is?

1 year with no menses

Which systemic feature is related to the effects of menopause?

Increased abdominal fat distribution

Ms. A, age 32, states that she has a recent history of itchy vaginal discharge. Ms. A has never been pregnant. Her partner uses condoms and she uses spermicide for birth control. Which of the following data are most relevant to Ms. A’s problem?

Douching routines

Which risk factor is associated with cervical cancer?

Multiple sex partners

The risk of ovarian cancer is increased by?

the use of oral contraceptives

he form of gynecologic cancer that is increased in obese women is?

endometrial

The mother of an 8-year-old child reports that she has recently noticed a discharge stain on her daughter’s underwear. Both the mother and daughter appear nervous and concerned. You would need to ask questions to assess the child’s?

risk for sexual abuse

The female patient should ideally be in which position for the pelvic examination?

Lithotomy

When you plan to obtain cytologic studies, speculum introduction may be facilitated by?

lubrication with warm water

Which one of the following is a proper technique for the use of a speculum during a vaginal examination?

Press the introitus downward, and insert the closed speculum obliquely

When collecting specimens, which sample should be obtained first?

Pap smear

The presence of a fishy odor after adding potassium hydroxide to a wet mount slide containing vaginal mucus suggests?

bacterial vaginosis

The assessment of which structure is not part of the bimanual examination?

bladder

Mrs. Reilly brings her 6-year-old daughter in with complaints of a foul vaginal discharge noted in her underpants. The most common cause of a foul vaginal discharge in children is a(n)?

foreign body

A 3-year-old girl is being seen because of a foul vaginal odor. To inspect the vaginal vault, you should first?

pull the labia forward and slightly to the side

A mother brings her 8-year-old daughter to the clinic because the child says it hurts to urinate after she fell while riding her bicycle. On inspection, you find posterior vulvar and gross perineum bruising. These findings are consistent with?

sexual abuse

What accommodations should be used for the position of a hearing-impaired woman for a pelvic examination?

The head of the table should be elevated

Asking the woman to close the introitus during a pelvic examination is a test for?

sphincter tone

Itchy, painful, small red vesicles are typical of

herpes simplex lesions

A young, sexually active woman comes to the urgent care clinic complaining of suprapubic abdominal pain. She is afebrile with rebound tenderness to the right side. There is no dysuria and no vaginal discharge or odor. A pelvic examination is done. She has pain with cervical motion, and you palpate a painful mass over the left adnexal area. Your prioritized action is to?

obtain a surgical consult immediately

While examining an 18-year-old man, you note that his penis and testicles are more darkly pigmented than the body skin. You should consider this finding to be?

within normal limits

In an uncircumcised male, retraction of the foreskin may reveal a cheesy white substance. This is usually?

a collection of sebaceous material

Inspection of the scrotum should reveal?

the left scrotal sac lower than the right

Expected genitalia changes that occur as men age include that?

the scrotum becomes more pendulous

Inspection of the male urethral orifice requires the examiner to?

press the glans between the thumb and forefinger

You are inspecting the genitalia of an uncircumcised adult male. The foreskin is tight and cannot be easily retracted. You should?

inquire about previous penile infections

Which type of hernia lies within the inguinal canal?

Indirect

Which condition is of minor consequence in an adult male?

Lumps in the scrotal skin

Mr. L has an unusually thick scrotum, with edema and pitting. He has a history of cardiac problems. The appearance of his scrotum is most likely a(n)?

indication of general fluid retention

A characteristic related to syphilis or diabetic neuropathy is testicular?

insensitivity to painful stimulation

On palpation, a normal vas deferens should feel?

smooth

A premature infant’s scrotum will appear?

smooth

An enlarged painless testicle in an adolescent or adult male may indicate?

a tumor

You palpate a soft, slightly tender mass in the right scrotum of an adult male. You attempt to reduce the size of the mass, and there is no change in the mass size. Your next assessment maneuver is to?

transilluminate the mass

The most common cancer in young men ages 15 to 30 years is?

testicular

The most emergent cause of testicular pain in a young male is?

testicular torsion

An adolescent male is being seen for acute onset of left testicular pain. The pain started 3 hours ago. He complains of nausea and denies dysuria or fever. Your priority action should be to?

establish absent cremasteric reflex

The most common type of hernia occurring in young males is?

indirect inguinal

Difficulty replacing the retracted foreskin of the penis to its normal position is called?

paraphimosis

Which genital virus infection is known to have a latent phase followed by the production of viral DNA capsids and particles?

Condyloma acuminatum

Pearly gray, smooth, dome-shaped, often umbilicated lesions of the glans penis are probably?

molluscum contagiosum

A 12-year-old boy relates that his left scrotum has a soft swollen mass. The scrotum is not painful on palpation. The left inguinal canal is without masses. The mass transilluminates with a penlight. This collection of symptoms is consistent with?

a hydrocele

Which condition is a complication of mumps in the adolescent or adult?

Orchitis

Parents of a 6-year-old boy should be asked if he has?

scrotal swellin

The male with Peyronie disease will usually complain of?

deviation of the penis during erection

A cremasteric reflex should result in?

testicular and scrotal rise on the stroked side

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Renal 2

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Fluid Balance

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Infections

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