Catalyzes reversible reaction between CO2 and H2O to form HCO3

RBC production in early gestation

RBC production last month gestation to 5 years.

RBC production after 5 years

Anemia, hypoxemia, circulatory failure, high altitude all stimulate.

Elevated Reticulocyte Level

Anemia without elevated Reticulocyte

Detecting Erythroblasts in Lab Test

Low tissue oxygen triggers

In low oxygen, Erythropoietin makes Hematopoietic Stem Cells that makes.

Pluripotent Stem Cell makes Erythrocyte CFU that leads to.

Succinyl-Co-A from Krebs binds with Glycine to form.

Protoporphyrin IX is comprised of.

Heme Molecule

Hemaglobin Metabolism

Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, Fetal

2 Alpha 2 Beta Chains

Oxygen Carrying Capacity of Hemoglobin

Each Hbg Fe can carry.

Fetal Hbg is comprised of.

Has the greatest affinity for oxygen.

Which of the following is not a normal component of plasma?

What is the average life span of an erythrocyte?

Which of the following minerals is required for erythropoiesis?

Erythropoietin is released by the:

The purpose of erythropoietin is:

Where does the sequestration and destruction of aged erythrocytes normally take place?

As an individual ages:

When a blood cell is damaged:

RBC lysis yields which of the following products?

What is the correct sequence in coagulation:

What is the correct sequence in fibrinolysis?

Granulocytes contain:

Why do lymph nodes enlarge and become tender during an infection?

Eosinophils

The greatest proportion of total body iron is located in the:

Polycythemia is typically seen in:

Polycythemia puts babies at risk for:

Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn:

Anemia is:

Increases for every 1000 meters above sea level

Smoking Increases:

Aging causes RBCs to become:

After lysis/hemolysis of RBCs, Hbg is:

Macrophages release Fe from Hgb and transported as:

Storage of Transferrin not in use:

Porphyrin is converted to:

Anemia

Kidney disease leading to decreased Erythropoietin production causes:

Low Fe, B12, Folate intake causes:

Co-morbid inflammatory diseases cause:

Shortened RBC lifespan in Aging causes:

Sickle Cell Disease and Thalassemia cause:

Decreased: pCO2, H+, 2,3-DPG, Temp, HbF

Increased: pCO2, H+, 2,3-DPG, Temp

Low WBC and PLT levels alone indicate:

Average size of RBC

Amount of Hbg in RBC compared to size (color of RBC)

MCV < 80

MCHC < 27

MCV 80-100

MCHC >= 27

MCV > 100

Iron Deficiency Anemia, Anemia of Chronic Ilness, Thalassemia, Sideroblastic Anemia

Anemia of Chronic Illness, Sickle Cell Amemia, Aplastic Anemia, Hemolytic Anemia, CKD, HIV, Acute Blood Loss:

B12 and Folate Deficiency, Myelodysplastic Syndrome, Adverse Drug Reaction, Alcohol Abuse, Hypothyroidism:

New RBC will have:

Iron, Folate, B12 Deficiencies. Hemolytic Anemia.

GI Bleeding associated with

Vegetarians are at risk for:

Chron’s Disease and Gastric Bypass causes Iron Deficiency Anemia due to:

Periods of rapid growth (toddler and adolescents) can cause:

Pregancy increases metabolism which can lead to:

What MCV should you expect in Iron Deficiency Anemia

What can interfere with Ferritin levels when diagnosing Iron Deficiency Anemia?

Indicates amount of stored Iron

Ability of the body to transport Iron

Proteins available to bind Iron

Increased in Iron Deficiency Anemia

Decreased in inflammation and malignancy

Autosomal Recessive- Alpha and Beta Types - Mutation of HBB gene

Decrease O2 affinity, Hgb more unstable and prone to early breakdown

Treating Thalassemia with transfusions risks:

Thalassemia is what type of anemia?

Proinflammatory cytokines inhibit erythropoietin, destroy immature erythroblasts, and stimulate release hepcidin

Stores too much Iron in the liver. Decreases oral absorption of Iron in GI tract, and blocks release of Iron from Reticuloendothelial system. Found in Anemia of Chronic Illness.

Can be both Hypocytic or Normocytic

Labs: increased - bilirubin, phosphorus, uric acid, hemoglobinuria; decreased - haptoglobin

Normocytic

Pancytopenia - decreased “all cell lines” (RBC, WBC, PLT)

Normocytic

RBCs with Hgb S has low O2 capacity and found in:

Sickle Cell is what type of anemia?

Shorter RBC lifespan r/t less effective DNA synthesis, lack intrinsic factor, autoimmune can atrophy gastric cells

Symptoms: paraesthesia, decreased balance, sore tongue, increased homocysteine

Pernicious Anemia is what type of anemia?

Impaired RNA/DNA synthesis, found commonly in alcoholics, elderly, effects of aspirin, fetal neural tube defects.

What type of anemia is Folate Deficiency Anemia?

Granulocytes and Monocytes

Lymphocytes and Plasma Cells