Child Psych Sleep/Wake Disorders

10 to 13 hours

9 to 12 hours

8 to 10 hours

BEARS

Bedtime, Excessive Daytime Sleepiness, Awakenings, Regularity, Snoring

3 nights per week or more and have been present for 3 months or more

Episodic

Persistent

Recurrent

6 to 9 months

18 to 36 months

Self-reported complaints of excessive sleepiness despite 7 hours of sleep at night with one or more of the following symptoms: -Recurrent periods of sleep within the same day -A prolonged sleep episode of more than 9 hours per day that is not refreshing

At least 3 times per week for at least 3 months

17 to 24 years

Narcolepsy

Occurs at least 3 times per week for the past 3 months.

Cataplexy

Spontaneous grimaces, spells with jaw opening and tongue thrusting, or global hypotonia without apparent emotional triggers are present

Hypocretin deficiency

First peak between 15 to 25 years of age

Obesity and premature puberty

Sleepiness, hypnagogic hallucinations, vivid dreams, and REM sleep behavior disorder

Puberty

An autoimmune response, such as Group A strep, influenza, winter infections, head trauma, and disrupted sleep-wake patterns

Odd sleep postures such as sleeping on hands and knees

OSA in children < 5 years old

OSA in children > 5 years old

Growth of airway and regression of tonsillar tissue

Circadian rhythm sleep-wake disorders

Delayed Sleep Phase Type

PER3, CKIe

Actigraphy

Chronotherapy

2 years of age through adolescence

Sleepwalking

Sleep terrors

NREM sleep arousal disorder (sleepwalking type)

NREM sleep arousal disorder (sleep terror type)

Poor sleep, illness, discomfort, a full bladder, and medications

Plan scheduled awakenings prior to expected episode

Nightmare disorder

1 month or less

1 to 6 months

6 months or longer

Less than 1 episode per week

1 to 6 nights per week

7 nights per week

Occurs at least 3 times per week over the course of at least 3 months

NREM sleep terror type is more common in males, and RLS is more common in females

RLS

RLS

Hot baths, massaging legs, applying hot or cold packs, avoiding caffeine and alcohol, engaging in regular exercise, acupuncture

2-week sleep diaries and actigraphy

TBI

Preictal

Ictal

Postictal