collection of related sentences about certain topic

has a main topic or ideathat is the most important thing of the paragrap, the sentence support that idea.

tell a story

usually from your own personal experience, npbut it may also be an event that happened to someone

In writing narration, what plays an important role

help to create unified thought and to show the transition of events to the next

A narrative text contains the _ which gives direction in making a story.

The _ of events helps to show the reader how the story moves

A series of detailed observation about the subject can help you create a good descriptive paragraph

concerns how you will arrange the details to provide an image of the scene, the person or the object you are trying to describe in your text.

The kind of words we used to describe how your subject looks, sounds, feels, smells or even tastes like are called

the use of description plays an important role to elucidate the nature of people, places and things.

where the writer presents impartial and actual picture of the subject without biases and excluding personal impression of the subject just like when you give your description of an experiment in class.

Sampaloc Lake is an inactive volcanic maar on the island of Luzon, the Philippines. It is the largest of the Seven Lakes of San Pablo, Laguna. Nearly half of the lake's depth has a shallow depression at the bottom, indicating its volcanic origin. It is approximately 104 hectares and 3.5 kilometer boardwalk. The lake is behind San Pablo City Capitol and at the foot of the Doña Leonila Park.

where the writer gives personal impression of what is observed.

This is often used in making fiction stories.

Sampaloc Lake is one of the best tourist spots in San Pablo. It is where you can bring your friends and loved ones for picnic and bonding. Most of San Pableños jog around the lake and do ride bicycles not only to have morning good exercise but also have fresh air. You can witness the beauty of nature for it is surrounded with mountains.

provide concise but exact meanings of unfamiliar words and explain special meanings for familiar words.

are often used to explain technical words and concepts

is the dictionary meaning of the word.

Rose is a family of prickly shrub with pinnate leaves and showy flowers.

is the secondary meaning of a word and not necessarily included in the dictionary.

Rather it is how a writer understands a word based on their own personal or consensual experiences.

A dozen of pink roses is usually given to their beloved ones. Instead of literally referring to flowers, love and romance are connoted.

Three priciple parts of Formal Definition

The is the name of the object, process, or concept defined.

This is usually followed by “is” and “are” and the _ or general group to which the objects belongs.

San Pablo City is one of the oldest towns in the Philippines and today, it is known as one of the first-class cities in the province of Laguna. It is also called the City of Seven Lakes namely: Bunot Lake, Calibato Lake, Mohicap Lake, Palakpakin Lake, Pandin Lake, Sampaloc Lake, and Yambo lake. These seven freshwater lakes are crater form of a steam-blast eruption from Mt. Cristobal.

In this time of global crisis, everyone is responsible for their actions, such as following the precautionary measures given by the health experts to avoid the spread of the virus.

Far from the normal situations that we had before, the pandemic makes each one of us skip buying unnecessary items.

Jollibee and McDonalds both offer savory chicken and delicious pasta that children love

The opening of the classes for School Year 2020 -2021 amidst the pandemic is a great challenge to the Department of Education. They continue researching different alternative ways of teaching and learning to be implemented in schools such as online learning, modular learning, and lastly learning from TV shows and radio programs

Writers around the world define literature in different ways. The origin of the word literature is derived from the Latin word Litera which means letter.

Due to the global pandemic, specifically COVID-19, the world embraces the new normal. People have become more conscious about sanitation and hygiene. They now learn physical distancing in public places. And, most of the people stay at home either working or developing new hobbies and exploring new things

is the most common and effective pattern to explain an idea or point. I

the writer develops a general statement –the topic sentence, with one or more examples to support it

used when a writer needs to sort out or arrange subjects to groups or categories based on their common and shared characteristics.

as pattern of development of writing makes you associate similar things or process by grouping them into classes or categories.

in writing discusses elements that are similar

analyzes two subjects comparing them, contrasting them, or both.

in writing discusses elements or ideas that are different.

is a text development pattern which explains why something happens.

It also states what results a particular event produces. It usually gives a statement emphasizing the cause and another emphasizing the effect.

A _ essay presents a problem, usually discussing several aspects of the problem, then concludes by discussing solutions to the problem

The problem may be addressed in the following ways:

Here are some ways to present solutions:

text can be in the form of an argument, discussion, exposition, review or even an advertisement.

a writer must first state the issue. Then, it should be followed by a clear, strong and specific argument.

is a writing pattern that is used to tell story.

A narrative text contains the _________ which gives direction in the stor

_________are words or phrases that help carry a thought from one sentence to another, from one idea to another, or from one paragraph to another.

Most of the common transitional words to show _________ of events are first, next, then, after and suddenly.

The _________of events helps to show the reader how the story moves

is a writing pattern of developing paragraph using detailed observation about the subject.

During my younger years of being a diligent worker, I would spend at least 10 hours working in the office and I would even bring home some paper works. Until, one day I was brought to the hospital 1. _________ I experienced more anxieties.

My attending physician told me that I collapsed 2. _________ stress.

3. ________, I started to follow my doctor’s advice.

4. ______ to spend at least three times a week for exercise.

5. Another is to take stock of internal stressors I could control

6. ________ is to use meditation techniques whenever I felt overwhelmed and make sure that I got sufficient rest. Lastly, is to take time to do things I enjoy.

7. _________, to pursue some hobbies and pleasures to live a more balanced lifestyle

Which text focuses on presenting points of view and seeks on encouraging its readers to accept a particular argument or act in a particular way?

Which written text involves sensory images to figure out something?

What pattern shows similarities and differences of two subjects in a paragraph?

When giving the full meaning of a certain topic, which pattern is applicable?

If you were to tell a story, which pattern of paragraph development would you use?

In this section, you need to mention an overview of the problem, the why of the problem, and who should be concerned about the problem.

Which would best suit a text that aims to discuss the taxonomy of a group of fossils that were recently discovered by a paleontologist?

is used to compare and contrast two subjects one at a time. You may begin by saying everything you have to say about the first subject you are discussing then move on and write everything about your second subject.

would want to address one subject at a time, you may use

can use in showing similarities are likewise, similar to, same with, like, in the same manner.

An _ is one’s claim or position that can either support or reject the issue previously stated.

are synonymous to belief, argument, assertion, or stand.

An claim is directly and clearly stated in the text. It is when you can easily point out the information in the passage.

claim is indirectly expressed in the text and you need to look for clues or make inferences to understand its meaning.

The teacher congratulated Rosie.

Rosie stood on stage and delivered her speech.

Rosie was full of happiness.

Rosie was a hard-working and intelligent student.

The parents of Rosie promised to celebrate her success.

The Department of Education shows its readiness on the ‘new normal’ in the teaching and learning process.

Curfew must be enforced by parents to their children.

Vaping can have same side effects as smoking.

The closing of Philippine borders to tourists is one way to slow down the spread of COVID-19.

Doing videos in TikTok is more exciting than vlogging.

Research says that people can reduce stress by taking a nap.

It is more beneficial for a child to grow up speaking more than one language than knowing only his or her mother tongue.

National ID system should now be implemented in the Philippines.

Neil Armstrong made a history as the first man to walk on the moon.

Watching K-Drama is the best form of entertainment.

is described as a debatable set of words or a concept that allows the source to influence the receiver for acceptance.

It is equated to an opinion, idea, or assertion.

is the argument where actions should be carried out. Basically, it is perceived as a relatively direct statement.

This claim can also be called claim of solution because it suggests and supports policies and solutions, and the action to be taken is based on the results

Simply, this claim is a statement that reports, describes predicts, make causal claims, or whether something is a settled fact.

is an argument based on morality, belief, ethics, or philosophy. It is influentially stated by combining limited facts and proving them as either good or bad by targeting the reader’s emotion

It is also called claim of judgment because the reader has to decide whether the argument or proposition is right or wrong or has to be accepted or rejected. In other words, this type of claim is more appealing to the reader’s subjectivity

Claim of value appeals to __________.

Words like good or __________ allow us to recognize claim of value.

Claim of value is also called __________ because it persuades the readers to decide whether to value or not an argument.