African

27問 • 2年前

問題一覧

The most notable literary selections are those that capture the _ of the African people.

life and struggle

There have been significant struggles that could have been left untouched, but writers choose to face courageous task of

answering the call of pen, and begin the process of social healing through literature.

The literary tradition of Africa became

richer than ever as it gained artistic and sophisticated expression in different languages.

became vehicles of cultural thoughts. Around a hundred languages are widely used for inter-ethnic communication.

Traditional languages

are spoken by tens of millions of people.

Arabic, Somali,Berber,Oromo, Igbo, Amharic, Swahili, Hausa, Manding, Fulani and Yoruba

flourished as the literary genres.

Poetry, drama, novel, and short story

The people’s struggle to cope with – or oppose – the changing atmosphere of their homelands was dramatically recorded in what is known as

African literature

The texts for the study of African literature shed light on controversial issues such as ,

racial discrimination, political conflicts, civil wars, feminism and gender sensitivity, and human rights issues.

In the 1930s, black intellectuals from French colonies living in Paris initiated a literary movement called

Negritude

emerged out of "a sudden grasp of racial identity and of cultural values and an awareness "of the wide discrepancies which existed between the promise of the French system of assimilation and the reality."

Negritude

the self-affirmation of black people, or the affirmation of the values of civilization of something defined as

“the black world”

writers wrote poetry in French in which they presented African traditions and cultures as antithetical, but equal, to European culture.

Negritude

Negritude writers wrote poetry in French in which they presented African traditions and cultures as

antithetical, but equal, to European culture

The journal, according to its founder, was an endeavor "to help define African originality and to hasten its introduction into the modern world.”

Presence Africaine by Alioune Diop in 1947

flourished in Africa for many centuries and take a variety of forms including folk tales, myths, epics, funeral dirges, praise poems, and proverbs.

Oral literature

usually explain the interrelationships of all things that exist, and provide for the group and its members a necessary sense of their place in relation to their environment and the forces that order events on earth.

Myths

are elaborate literary forms, usually performed only by experts on special occasions. They often recount the heroic exploits of ancestors.

Epics

chanted during funeral ceremonies, lament the departed, praise his/her memory, and ask for his/her protection.

Funeral Dirges

are epithets called out in reference to an object (a person, a town, an animal, a disease, and so on) in celebration of its outstanding qualities and achievements.

Praise poems

are short, witty or ironic statements, metaphorical in its formulation which aim to communicate a response to a particular situation, to offer advice, or to be persuasive.

Proverbs

Includes novels, plays, poems, hymns, and tales.

Written literature

three waves of literacy

Ethiopia Africa Europe

where written works have been discovered that appeared before the earliest literatures in the Celtic and Germanic languages of Western Europe.

Ethiopia

The second wave of literacy moved across _ with the spread of Islam.

Africa

through trade relationships, missionary activities, and colonialism propelled the third wave of literacy in Africa.

Europe

The written literatures, novels, plays, and poems in the 1950s and 60s have been described as

literatures of testimony

The African authors who produced literatures in European languages have been described as

literatures of revolt

Earth's Subsystem

Gwenneth Dalawampu · 13問 · 2年前

Earth's Subsystem