Body Mechanics

22問 • 2年前

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Nursing is a job that needs a lot of bending our backs, flexing our arms and legs and pushing and pulling patients. Because of this, many nurses are at risk for developing physical strain and back injuries or even fractures. One way to prevent these from happening is to practice proper (blank).

Body Mechanics

A broad term used to denote an effort COORDINATED by the MUSCLES, BONES AND NERVOUS SYSTEM. It can either be COOD or BAD and can be directly related to the occurrence of BACK PAINS.

Body Mechanics

Importance

1.Musculoskeletal strain 2.Injuries to members of the staff 3.Injury to the client 4. Fatigue

Before you lift guidelines!

How big is it? How heavy is it? Can I make it lighter? Do I need help?

Rules of Body Mechanism

1. Keep the lower portion of your back in its normal position at all times. 2.Move as close to the patient’s bed as you can. 3.Don’t twist your body. Always do a side step or a pivot. 4.Set your feet into a comfortable and solid wide base of support when lifting. 5.Keep your abdominal muscles contracted, bow slightly using the hips and squat. 6.Keep the head upright and hold your shoulders up. 7. Pushing up from the knees and using your own momentum would help you lif the patient.

Is the force that pulls the object toward the center of the earth. •The center of gravity is the point at which the mass of any body is centered.

Gravity

1. Keep your center of gravity low. 2. Greater balance is met with a low center of gravity. 3. Flex your knees and keep your body straight rather than bending.

Stable Center of Gravity

1. Having a wide base of support gives your body more stability. 2. Spread your feet apart to a reasonable distance. 3. Flex your knees to move the center of gravity closer to the base of sunnort.

WIDE BASE OF SUPPORT

It means that the body is in alignment with all the parts in balance. •Safe body mechanics require good posture. • Also aids other body systems to work; efficiently.

Body Alignment/Good Posture

Proper Body Alignment

1. Body alignment refers to the way the joints, tendons, ligaments and muscles are arranged when initiating a position. 2. A line of gravity passing through your base of support maintains your balance. 3. Equal activity balance in upper and lower parts of the body would reduce your risks of having back injury. 4. When you're stronger muscle group are involved, greater amount of work can be safely done. 5. Keep the back upright when performing interventions.

Rules for correct upright posture:

1.Hold chest up and slightly forward with the waist extended. 2. Hold head erect with the chin held in. 3. Stand with the feet parallel and at right angles to the lower legs. The feet should be 4-8 inches apart. 4.Keep the knee slightly

• The distance between this person's feet (base of support) is small, and the heaviest part of his body (center of gravity) is far away from the base of support, making him more likely to lose balance. • By increasing the distance between his feët and lowering his body toward the ground, the person has increased ability to maintain side-to-side balance. His right foot is slightly in front of the left, for back-to-front stability •One foot is placed slightly in front of the other for back-to-front stability. The weight is distributed evenly between both feet. The knees are flexed slightly, to absorb jolts. The feet are moved to turn the object being moved. (It is important not to twist the body.) -Pull - dominant na paa sa likod Push- Nasa harap ang dominant na paa.

Body Balance

• Is the safe movement of a person from one surface location to another or from one position to another. • Can be performed independently, with assistance (minimal, moderate, maximal, standby/supervision).

Transfer

Organization of Patient Transfer

• A transfer requires planning and organization before the patient attempts to perform the transfer. • The patient should be informed about the transfer and instructed how to assist with perform it before attempting it. • Careful attention to the safety precautions associated with each transfer will enhance the pt's confidence and lead to a more effective transfer. (Make sure naka lock lahat ng paglilipatan,esp. wheelchair and bed). • Be certain to obtain and use sufficient assistance or equipment to ensure a safe procedure. • Although patient independence is a frequent goal associated with transfer activities, our primary responsibility to guard and protect the patient to avoid injury. - Always be aware sa status ng patient before transfer (ex. IV, catheter).

•We have to prepare the patient, the environment, yourself, and possibly other persons before performing the transfer activity. • Review the medical record and interview the patient information to assist you in planning the activity. (Know the history (ex. kung mag fracture ba ang patient.) • Introduce yourself to the patient and prepare for the transfer by explaining the activity and, in many instances, by demonstrating it. •You should inform and instruct the patient about the role and how to assist with or perform the activity. • The patient should be properly dressed for the transfer. (O.R patient naka nude talaga, need to protect them.) • You should obtain consent after you explain the activity and the possible risks. (Alway ask the patient for their consent).

Preparation

Precautions during Transfer

•Predetermine the patient's mental and physical capabilities to perform the transfer, including weight-bearing status. (Consious, Sub Concious, Unconsious) •The patient's clothing and footwear should be suitable for the transfer. (Not slippery shoes) • Mentally preplan the activities and sequence associated with the transfer. • Instruct the patient slowly and concisely; allow time to process and apply the information. • Select position, and secure equipment before the transfer, put a safety belt on the patient. • Be alert for unusual; events that may occur. • Do not guard the patient by using clothing or grasping the arm. • Position yourself to guard and protect the patient throughout the transfer. (Always support on the weak side ng patient).

Condition Requiring Special Precautions during Transfer

• Total Hip replacement; especially within the initial 2 weeks after surgery. • Hip should not be adducted or rotated.. flexed more than 90 degrees, or extended beyond neutral flexion-extension. Not cross the ankle of the surgically affected extremity over the opposite extremity, pull on the surgically affected extremity, or allow the patient to lie on the affected side. (Move on not affected side). • Low back trauma or discomfort should avoid excessive lumbar rotation, trunk side bending, and flexion Moving via LOGROLL (rolling the entire body simultaneously)

with external device: brace, plaster or plastic jacket and halo; internal fixation: bone graft, metal rod or wires distracting and rotational forces should ber avoided, should not pull downward on the - lower extremities and the person should be logrolled.

Spinal Cord Injury

should avoid excessive lumbar rotation, trunk side bending, and flexion Moving via LOGROLL (rolling the entire body simultaneously) -Logroll -

Low back trauma or discomfort

The primary precaution is to avoid creating a shear force across the surface of the burn wound. The patient should be f instructed to elevate the body when moving to avoid the effect of shear forces. -2nd degree - anti tetano 3rd degree - hydration.

Burns

Pulling on the involved or weakened extremities should not be used to control or move the patient. This is particularly important for the affected shoulder because the muscle will not provide adequate support to the joint because of the effect of paralysis.

Hemiplegia

Latin Abbreviations

JULLIANNE DANDAN · 43問 · 2年前

Latin Abbreviations