Vitamins and Minerals

32問 • 1年前

問題一覧

ARE ORGANIC COMPONENTS IN FOOD THAT ARE NEEDED IN VERY SMALL AMOUNTS FOR GROWTH AND FOR MAINTAINING GOOD HEALTH.

VITAMINS

Dissolve easily in water and, in general, are readily excreted from the body, to the degree that urinary output is a strong predictor of vitamin consumption. Because they are not readily stored, consistent daily intake is important. This includes Vitamins C and B Complex Family. All raw fruits and vegetable contains Ascorbic Acid.

Water-soluble vitamins

are absorbed through the intestinal tract with the help of lipids (fats). Because they are more likely to accumulate in the body. Because they can build up over long periods of time, it's possible to develop a toxicity from too much. Soluble in fat solvents and are absorbed along with dietary fats; they are not normally excreted in the urine and tend to be stored in the body in moderate amounts.

Fat-soluble vitamins

Utilization of Iron in Protein. Alleviating allergic reactions, enhancing immune functions

Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid)

-Helps maintain normal appetite -regulates muscle tone of the GIT necessary for digestion. -normal functioning of nerves

Vitamin B1

-involves in the metabolism of CHO,PRO,Fat -normal growth and development -normal skin tone -vision and light adaptation -antioxidant -Cheilosis -Glossitis -Dermatitis, burning and itching eyes -Growth retardation -congenital malformation

Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)

The symptoms are exactly the same, cracked and sore lesions on the mouth corners, difficulty eating or drinking and an overall feeling of ill health

CHEILOSIS

A painful tongue which appears smooth due to loss of the filiform and sometimes the fungiform papillae secondary to certain nutritional deficiencies, especially B-vitamin deficencies, as seen in pellagra, thiamin deficiency, and disorders such as pernicious anaemia

GLOSSITIS

-Functions of CHO and Lipid metabolism -Use therapeutically to lower blood cholesterol -Muscular weakness -anorexia -indigestion -Pellagra char. By Dermatitis, Dementia, Diarrhea and Death

Vitamin B3 (Niacin)

-maintains normal skin And development of the Central Nervous System -Helps man to withstand stress due to the effect of adrenal gland -It helps body produce RBC Occasional diarrhea

Vitamins B5 (Panthothenic Acid)

-Plays a role in CHO metabolism - conversion of essential fatty acids Depression Fatigue Irritability Headache Difficulty in walking

Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxic Acid)

-promotes growth -normal development and maturation of the RBC -normal function of nerve tissue Irritability Weakness Decreased antibody formation Poor growth Convulsion Anemia

Vitamin B12 (Cyanocobalamin)

Therapeutical useful in nutritional anemia Necessary for RBC formation together with B12 and Vit C Anemia, Poor growth Depression Mental confusion

Folate (Folic Acid)

- maintenance of visual purple for vision in dim light - normal bone and tooth development -Night blindness -poor growth/faulty bone and tooth formation -lowered resistance to infection

Vitamin A (Retinol)

is also known as Night Blindness, Retinol Deficiency, Vitamin A Deficiency, Xerophthalmia and Xerotic Keratitis. It is an ocular condition when the cornea becomes dry, soft and thin, and then ulcerates, usually affecting both eyes.

Keratomalcia

-regulates the absorption, transport of calcium and phosphorous in the body -Rickets in children, defective bones and retarded growth -Bones are Fragile. -Deficiencies related to Calcium and PhosphorousViatmin D (Calciferol) -regulates the absorption, transport of calcium and phosphorous in the body -Rickets in children, defective bones and retarded growth -Bones are Fragile. -Deficiencies related to Calcium and Phosphorous

Viatmin D (Calciferol)

. Drawing of three pairs of legs (labelled 'a', 'b', 'c'). Pair 'a' and 'b' show the effect of rickets. Pair 'c' show the legs of a rickets sufferer after undergoing an osteotomy. An osteotomy is a surgical operation whereby a bone is cut to shorten, lengthen, or change its alignment.

Rickets

- Antioxidant -Protects the structure function of the muscle tissue. Loss of weight Poor eating habit Developmental problems such as mental and physical problems •Gastrointestinal diseases •Dry hair or loss of hair •Muscular weakness •Slow tissue healing •Leg cramps and -It helps slo

Vitamin E (Tocopherol)

For bloood Clotting because without it -Prolong coagulation of Hemorrhage -Vitamin K deficiency is very rare. -It occurs when the body can't properly absorb the vitamin from the intestinal tract. Vitamin K deficiency can also occur after long-term treatment with antibiotics.

VITAMIN K

is the type that comes from the diet, especially green leafy vegetables but also dairy products and vegetable oils. K1 is also produced commercially to use as an oral or injectable treatment for some conditions associated with excess bleeding.

Vitamin K1 (phylloquinone)

is made by bacteria, the normal flora in the intestines. It supplements K1, but there is not enough of it to meet the body's requirements.

Vitamin K2 (menaquinone)

is a synthetic water-soluble form of vitamin K that is used as a treatment for adults. It is no longer given to infants in the United States as it can cause hemolytic anemia.

Vitamin K3 (menadione)

-An inorganic element that remain an ash when food is burned -important part in the vital processes of the body Classification Macro nutrient mineral –essential for human nutrition present in amounts greater than 5grams e.g. Calcium, Sodium, Phosphorous, Potassium,Chlorine, Magnesium Micro nutrient mineral – essential for human nutrition Present in amounts less than 5 grams e.g. Iron, Iodine,, Zinc, Manganese, Copper, Cobalt Chromium

MINERALS

Builds and renew bones and teeth and other tissues. Rickets Osteoporosis

Calcium

-For growth and maintenance -Mineralization of bones and teeth -Aids in the absorption of sugars and fats Same with calcium Deficiency

Phosphorous

Help your muscles and nerves function properly Maintain the proper electrolyte and acid-base balance in your body Help lower your risk of high blood pressure muscle weakness, confusion, irritability, fatigue, and heart disturbances. Athletes with low potassium stores may tire more easily during exercise

Potassium

-A vital component of nerve as it, Stimulates Muscle contraction -Weakness -Nausea -cramps in the muscle of the extremities

Sodium

Essential in the formation of blood. It is involved in the transport and storage or oxygen in the blood Anemia -feeling tired and weak - Decreased work and school performance - Slow cognitive and social development during childhood -Difficulty maintaining body temperature - Decreased immune function, which increases susceptibility to infection - Glossitis (an inflamed tongue)Iron Essential in the formation of blood. It is involved in the transport and storage or oxygen in the blood Anemia -feeling tired and weak - Decreased work and school performance - Slow cognitive and social development during childhood -Difficulty maintaining body temperature - Decreased immune function, which increases susceptibility to infection - Glossitis (an inflamed tongue)

Iron

is an ailment when there is not enough hemoglobin produced by the body to meet its requirement. The benchmark for its diagnosis is marked by below-normal total body iron

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA)

Help ensure proper thyroid gland functioning Goiter-enlargeme nt of the thyroid gland -regulates growth and development

Iodine

is a condition in which the thyroid gland does not make enough thyroid hormone.

Hypothyroidism

often referred to as an 'overactive thyroid', is when the thyroid gland produces and secretes excessive amounts of the free - not protein bound and circulating in the blood

Hyperthyroidism

Latin Abbreviations

JULLIANNE DANDAN · 43問 · 2年前

Latin Abbreviations