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83問 • 1年前

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Genetics came from the word "genesis" meaning heredity.

Which is the foundation for all the other branches of genetics that focuses on the expression of traits and how they are passed down from parent to offspring?

Transmission Genetics

Which is the study of genes at the level of atoms and molecules?

Molecular Genetics

Inherited genetic mutations play a major role in about 5 to 10% of all cancers. Under what subdivision of Genetics will this mainly fall under?

Molecular Genetics

Which is the study of the change in alleles and genetic variation in a group of organisms?

Population Genetics

They are healthcare professionals with training in both genetics and psychology.

Genetic counselor

The passing on of physical or mental characteristics genetically from one generation to another.

Heredity

2 copies of each chromosome.

Diploid

It is the basic physical and functional unit of heredity.

Genes

It is the study of inheritance in relation to the structure and function of chromosomes.

Cytogenetics

This is the basic physical and functional unit of heredity

Gene

Characteristics such as hair, eyes, or skin color is a _____________.

Phenotype

Scientists credited for the discovery of the double helix structure of DNA.

Watson & Crick

Which is the study of the change in alleles and genetic variation in a group of organisms?

Population Genetics

A trait-one that manifests itself even when an allele is an heterozygous state.

Dominant

All of the ff are true except:

Humans have 43 pairs of chromosomes.

Prokaryotic cells reproduce by:

Binary fission

Escherichia coli O157:H7 is a serotype of E.coli. This particular organism produces Shiga-like toxins that may be more harmful that the typical E.coli. What type of organism is Escherichia coli O157:H7?

Neither

All of the ff is false except:

Humans have 22 pairs of autosomal chromosomes

Produced by simple cell division called mitosis

Somatic cell

Gametes reproduce by this type of cell division

If the statement pertains to Meiosis

Start with a single parent cell

If the statement pertains to both Mitosis and Meiosis

Each daughter cells will yield 23 chromosomes

If the statement pertains to Meiosis

Will yield exact copies of the parent cell

If the statement pertains to Mitosis

Cell division occurs only once.

If the statement pertains to Mitosis

Major site of ATP synthesis when oxygen is available

Mitochondria

Assembly site of large and small ribosomal subunits

Nucleolus

Protein synthesis and transport to Golgi apparatus

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Site of protein synthesis

Ribosome

Centers for microtubule formation; determine cell polarity during cell division; form the basal bodies of cilia and flagella

Centrioles

Chromosome is a segment of DNA that is the basic unit of heredity.

False

The law of independent assortment states that an organism with alternate forms of a gene will express the form that is dominant.

False

Gregor Mendel was a 20th century scientist who worked on the genetics research involving peas.

False

Mendel proposed the Law of Segregation after observing that pea plants with two different traits produced offspring that all expressed the dominant trait, but the following generation expressed the dominant and recessive traits in a 2:2 ratio.

False

Homozygous pertains to an organism in which both copies of a given gene have the same allele.

True

6. All of the following are not true regarding allele, except:

one of several possible forms of a gene

The idea that different pairs of alleles are passed to offspring independently is Mendel's principle of:

Law of Independent Assortment

The idea that for any particular trait, the pair of alleles of each parent separate and only one allele from eachparent passes to an offspring is Mendel's principle of:

Law of Segregation

When the genotype consists of a dominant and a recessive allele, most of the time the phenotype will be like _________________ allele.

the dominant

Which of the following is not true regarding Law of Dominance?

All traits are controlled by simple dominance as a form of inheritance.

It refers to the fact that when two homozygotes with different alleles are crossed, all of the offspring in the F1 generation are identical and heterozygous.

The Law of Uniformity

How traits are transmitted from one generation to the next.

The laws of inheritance

It refers to the observation that each person possesses two genes for a particular characteristic, only one of which can be transmitted at any one time.

The Law of Segregation

It refers to the fact that members of different gene pairs segregate to offspring independently of one another.

The Law of Independent Assortment

He presented the results of his breeding experiments on garden peas to the Natural History Society of Brünn in Bohemia

Gregor Mendel

When dominant alleles are present but fail to show up as a phenotype, the condition is termed

Incompletely penetrant

Sometimes, traits seem to grow stronger and gain more expressivityfrom one generation to the next. This phenomenon is called _________.

Anticipation

There are 4 main blood groups (types of blood) – A, B, AB and O. Your blood group is determined by the genes you inherit from your parents. Type AB blood is expressed by:

Codominance

All of the ff is true regarding "ANTICIPATION" , except:

None of the above

This depicts genes hide or mask the action of other genes altogether.

Epistasis

Phenotype AO

Dominant-recessive

Phenotype AB

Codominant

Death immediately and thus never expressed beyond the zygote

Lethal alleles

It is only expressed when both alleles are recessive.

Recessive phenotype

It is the probability that an individual having a dominant allele will show the associated phenotype

Penetrance

[object Object] Study this table.

1-2) B 3-4) B 5) A

Study Mitosis

Mitosis

Study Meiosis

Meiosis

A pair of chromosomes that consists of XX is a __________________.

Female

A condition in which the chromosome 21 has three copies instead of two is called:

Both B and C

Which of the ff is true regarding centromere? I. The chromosomes are attached to spindle fibres at this region during cell division. II. Aka Secondary Constriction III. Specialized ends of a chromosome

I only

It is the outer envelope around the substance of chromosome.

Pellicle

All of the ff are not true regarding the functions of chromosome, except:

Both A and B

Chromosomes with more than two centromeres

Polycentric

Rod-shaped chromosomes with centromere occupying a sub-terminal position. One arm is very long and the other is very short.

Acrocentric

Human chromosome 5

Metacentric

Chromosomes without centromere.

Accentric

This chromosomes have a centromere which is severely offset from the center leading to one very long and one very short section.

Acrocentric

It refers to the number of sets of chromosomes an organism has.

Euploid

It refers to an imbalance in the number of chromosomes, with either missing or extra chromosomes.

Aneuploid

It refers to having more than two complete sets of chromosomes.

Polyploid

It refers to having three complete sets of chromosomes

Triploidy

It is the normal state for humans (and many other organisms, such as dogs, mice, horses, and chickens)

Diploid

Which of the ff is false about nuclear DNA?

Hoop-shaped

Acc. to Chargaff's rule Adenine pairs with ______________.

Thymine

Which sugar is found in the back bone of DNA?

Deoxyribose

Which of the following might you find in the backbone of DNA? I. Phosphate group II. Hexose sugar III. Adenine

I only

Which of the following is FALSE regarding eukaryotic DNA?

DNA is found in the nucleus, cytoplasm, and ribosomes.

Who is credited for the discovery of the DNA double helix?

James Watson and Francis Crick

Which of the following bases are purines?

Adenine and guanine

Which of the following is not a nucleotide found in DNA?

Uracil

All of the following is not true except:

Mitochondrial DNA is circular in shaped

When the genotype consists of a dominant and a recessive allele, most of the time the phenotype will be like _________________ allele.

the dominant

PMLS

Reviewer · 87問 · 2年前

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