INTRODUCTION TO PHYSIOLOGY OF EXERCISE AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY OF EXERCISE

15問 • 2年前

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an activity requiring physical effort, carried out to sustain or improve health and fitness.

Exercise

• is the study of how the human body works. • It describes the chemistry and physics behind basic body functions, from how molecules behave in cells to how systems of organs work together. • It helps us understand what happens in a healthy body in everyday life and what goes wrong when someone gets sick • is the scientific discipline that deals with the processes or functions of living things. • It is important in physiology to recognize structures as dynamic rather than fixed and unchanging.

Physiology

It is the study of the body’s responses to physical activity. These responses include changes in metabolism and in physiology of different areas of the body like the heart, lungs, and muscles, and structural changes in cells.

Exercise Physiology

The word exercise comes from the Latin ________, “to drive forth,” while physiology comes from the words ________ (“nature”) and _______ (“study”). It is the performance of movements in order to develop or maintain physical fitness and overall health.

exercitus, physis, logia

• is, as its name suggests, related to athletes. • Sport physiologists use knowledge of the body’s response to exercise in order to develop training regimens for athletes. • Such regimens include fitness conditioning, which is the process of training to become more physically fit through periods of exercising certain muscles and resting.

Sport exercise physiology

is the use of physical activity for therapy, treatment, and prevention of chronic diseases.

Clinical exercise physiology

These are exercises performed to improve the range of motion of muscles and joints.

Flexibility

Rhythmic in nature, uses large muscle groups and can be maintained continuously. Here the working muscles draw on oxygen in the blood as well as fat and glucose to increase cardiovascular endurance (causes the heart to work harder than at rest) and muscle density.

Aerobic

Involves intense or explosive sports or strenuous activity that leaves one gasping for breath. It can be done for a minute or two at a time, because it depends on limited supply of glycogen that is rapidly depleted, resulting intense muscle fatigue.

Anaerobic

Always consider the number of aerobic exercise sessions per week.

Frequency

To be effective aerobic exercises should be done in moderate intensity, that is, are heart rate should be 60-80% of our maximum heart rate.

Intensity

More time spent doing aerobic exercises means more calories burned and an increase in endurance.

Time

It is also important to try different exercises and activities to improve heart rate and avoid boredom.

Type

These are the sudden, temporary changes in function caused by exercise. These functional changes disappear shortly after the exercise period is over. Examples are: increase in heart rate, rise in blood pressure, increase in breathing.

Responses

• These are the persistent changes in structure or function following training that apparently enables the body to withstand repeated bouts of exercise. • are long term and are thus not seen until several weeks of training. Examples are: reduction of the heart rate for sub-maximal exercise load.

Adaptations

STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF EXERCISING MUSCLES

Federico Lasco Sinogbuhan · 22問 · 2年前

STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF EXERCISING MUSCLES