Hormonal Control During Exercise

21問 • 2年前

問題一覧

• are produced in endocrine glands from which they are transported through blood to the target cells. • are typically secreted into the bloodstream and carried to target cells or organs, where they bind to specific receptors and elicit a response. • are involved in most physiological processes, so their actions are relevant to many aspects of exercise and sport.

Hormones

functions through neurons that go directly to a location releasing a chemical signal.

Nervous System

• defined as all tissues or glands that secrete hormones. • release chemical signal to the entire body throughout the blood • responds slowly but has longer-lasting effects. • endocrine glands typically secretes their hormones directly into the blood where they act as chemical signals throughout the body.

Endocrine System

cell that possess specific hormone receptors

Target cells

• have a chemical structure similar to cholesterol, since most are derived from cholesterol. • lipid soluble • can pass through cell membranes

Steroid Hormones

Groups of hormones that are being secreted: • (cortisol and aldosterone) • (estrogen and progesterone) • (testosterone) • (estrogen and progesterone)

The Adrenal Cortex, The Ovaries, The Testes, The Placenta

• not lipid soluble • they cannot easily cross cell membranes

Non-steroid Hormones

Two sub-divided groups of these hormones • nonsteroidal hormones • two hormones produced by thyroid glands are (thyroxine and triiodothyronine) and the two from adrenal medulla (epinephrine and norepinephrine)

Protein or Peptide Hormones, Amino acids

TWO PARTS OF PITUITARY GLAND (ENDOCRINE SYSTEM) • includes glands that are located in the front of the body, such as the pituitary gland, thyroid gland, and parathyroid gland. • includes glands that are located in the back of the body, such as the adrenal glands and the pancreas.

Anterior Pituitary, Posterior Pituitary

TWO MAJOR COMPONENTS OF ENDOCRINE SYSTEM • it is a small region of the brain that is located just above the brainstem tells other glands/organs to do the work • produces hormones that stimulate or inhibit the release of hormones from the pituitary gland

Hypothalamus

TWO MAJOR COMPONENTS OF ENDOCRINE SYSTEM • it is a small pea-sized gland located at the base of the brain, just below the hypothalamus • it releases a bunch of stuff • produces hormones that regulate the function of other glands in the body

Pituitary

Three Macronutrients • made up of amino acids and are found in foods such as fish, meat, eggs, beans, and nuts. • are broken down into amino acids, which are then used to build and repair tissues in the body.

Proteins

Three Macronutrients • found in foods such as bread, rice, pasta, fruits, and vegetables. • are broken down by the body into glucose, which is used for energy or stored as glycogen in the liver and muscles.

Carbohydrates

Three Macronutrients • found in foods such as oils, butter, nuts, and fatty fish. • are broken down by the body into fatty acids, which are used for energy or stored in adipose tissue for future use. • also play a role in the absorption of certain vitamins and minerals, as well as the production of hormones.

Fats

plays a major role in monitoring fluid levels and correcting imbalances, along with regulating electrolyte balance, especially that of sodium.

Endocrine System

• refers to the regulation of physiological processes in the body by hormones, which are chemical messengers secreted by endocrine glands. • plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis and ensuring proper physiological function in the body.

Hormonal Control

HORMONES INVOLVED IN EXERCISE • also known as ''Epinephrine'' • released from the adrenal glands in response to physical nor emotional stress, and it has a number of effects on the body during exercise.

Adrenaline

HORMONES INVOLVED IN EXERCISE • it is produced by adrenal glands and is released in response to stress. • helps to mobilize energy stores in the body, including glucose and fatty acids, and it also helps to reduce inflammation and promote tissue repair.

Cortisol

HORMONES INVOLVED IN EXERCISE produced by pancreas and helps to regulate blood sugar levels.

Insulin

HORMONES INVOLVED IN EXERCISE produced by pituitary gland and is involved in the growth and repair of tissue in the body.

Growth Hormone

HORMONES INVOLVED IN EXERCISE • produced by testes in males. • helps to build and maintain muscle mass.

Testosterone

INTRODUCTION TO PHYSIOLOGY OF EXERCISE AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY OF EXERCISE

Federico Lasco Sinogbuhan · 15問 · 2年前

INTRODUCTION TO PHYSIOLOGY OF EXERCISE AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY OF EXERCISE