wprksheet 18

77問 • 2年前

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are the network of tubes that carry blood away from the heart, and cansport it to the tissues of the body and then return it to the heart.

blood vessels

types of blood vessels

arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, veins and vasa vasorum

are vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood away from the heart except the pulmonary arteries

The arteries

is the biggest artery of the body

aorta

smaller branches of arteries that deliver blood to the capillaries

arterioles

are microscopic vessels that connect arterioles and venules where actual exchange of substances between the blood and the body tissue cells occur. These are found close to nearly all cells of the body and functionally the most important blood vessels

capillaries

are smaller branches of veins that connect the veins to the capillaries

venules

vessels that convey oxygen-poor blood from the tissues back (towards) the heart

veins

The biggest veins of the body are the

superior and infenor vena cavae.

The veins are vessels that convey oxygen-poor blood from the tissues back (towards) the heart except the __

pulmonary veins

are the blood vessels in the walls of the blood vessels that supply oxygen and nutrients to the muscular layer of vessels.

vasa vasorum

Walls of the Blood Vessels

tunica intima tunica media tunica externa

the innermost wall of the blood vessel - lines the lumen or interior of the vessels - is the endothelium: a thin layer of squamous epithelial cells resting on a basement membrane - cells closely fit together forming a slick surface that decreases friction as blood flows

tunica intima

the bulky middle coat - is mostly smooth muscle and elastic tissue

Tunica media:

the outermost tunic - is composed largely of fibrous connective tissue - function to support and protect the vessels

Tunica externa

The basilic and cephalic veins are joined at the anterior aspect of the elbow by the

median cubital vein

This is often chosen as the site for blood removal for the purpose of blood testing.)

median cubital vein

Extending upward as the __ from the left ventricle,

ascending Horta

The ___ is the largest artery of the body. Extending upward as the ___from the left ventricle, it arches posteriorly and to the left at the ____ and then curses downward as the ___through the thoracic cavity. It passes through the Saphragm to enter the abdominal cavity as the _____ anterior to the ertebral column

aorta,ascending Horta ,aortic arch, thoracic aorta, abdominal aorta,

- the only branches of the ascending aorta - are blood supplies of the heart

Right and left coronary arteries:

arterial branches arising from the aortic arch

brachiocephalic trunk left common carotid artery left subclavian artery

the first branch and gives off two branches: right common carotid artery and right subclavian artery

Brachiocephalic trunk:

rhe second branch and gives off left internal carotid artery and left external carotid artery

Left common carotid artery:

the third branch and gives off

left subclavian artery

supplying the axilla

axillary artery:

the continuation of axillary artery supplying the arm

brachial artery:

are branches of brachial artery supplying the forearm

radial and ulnar arteries

Arterial Branches of Thoracic Aorta

Intercostal arteries Bronchial arteries Esophageal arteries Phrenic arteries

: 10 pairs and supplying the muscles of the thorax wall

intercostal arteries

: supply the lungs

Bronchial arteries

: supply the esophagus

Esophageal arteries

supply the diaphragm

Phrenic arteries

the first branch of the abdominal aorta and it is a single vessel that has 3 branches:

celiac trunk

supplying the stomach

left gastric artery:

supplying the spleen

splenic artery:

supplies the liver

common hepatic artery:

supplies most of the small intestine and the first half of the large intestine or the colon

Superior mesenteric artery:

supplying the second half of the large intestine

Inferior mesenteric artery:

serve the kidneys

Renal arteries:

supply the gonads

Gonadal arteries:

serving the ovaries

ovarian arteries:

serving the testes

testicular arteries:

serving the heavy muscles of the abdomen and trunk walls

Lumbar arteries:

are the final branches of the abdominal aorta which give off several branches

Common iliac arteries:

supplies the pelvic organs (bladder, rectum, etc)

Internal iliac artery:

become the femoral artery as it enter the thigh and together with the deep femoral artery they serve the muscles of the thigh

External iliac artery:

two branches of common iliac artery

internal iliac external iliac

is the continuation of the femoral artery at the knee where it splits Into anterior and posterior tibial arteries supplying the leg and foot

Popletial artery:

erminal branch of the anterior tibial artery to serve the dorsum of the foot

Dorsalis pedis artery: t

The brain is supplied by two pairs of arteries, the

internal carotid arteries and the vertebral arteries

are branches of the common carotid arteries. which divide into anterior and middle cerebral arteries supplies most of the cerebrum

The internal carotid arteries

which join to form the basilar artery serving the brain stem and cerebellum,

The vertebral (R and L) arteries

The basilar artery divides to form ___to supply the posterior part of the cerebrum.

posterior cerebral arteries

The result is a complete circle of connecting blood vessels called the __ which surrounds the base of the brain.

circle of Willis

are deep veins draining the forearm They unite to form the deep brachial vein which drains the arm and empties into the axillary vein in the axillary region

The radial and ulnar veins

provides for the superficial drainage of the lateral aspect of the arm and empties into the axillary vein

The cephalic vein

is a superficial vein that drains the medial aspect of the arm and empties in the brachial vein proximally.

The basilic vein

receives venous blood from the arm through the axillary vein and from the skin and muscles of the head through the external jugular vein.

subclavian vein

drains the posterior part of the head

The vertebral vein

drains the dural sinuses of the brain.

The internal jugular vein

veins are large veins that receive venous drainage from the subclavian, vertebral, and internal jugular veins on their respective sides.

The brachiocephalic (R and L)

join to form the superior vena cava which enters the heart.

The brachiocephalic veins

drain the leg (calf and foot).

The anterior and posterior tibial veins and the fibular vein

becomes the popliteal vein at the knee and then the femoral vein in the thigh

The posterior tibial vein

becomes the external iliac vein as it enters the pelvis.

The femoral vein

are the longest veins in the body. They receive the superficial drainage of the leg. They begin at the dorsal venous arch in the foot and travel up the medial aspect of the leg to empty into the femoral vein in the thigh.

great saphenous veins

is formed by the union of the external iliac vein and the internal iliac vein (drains the pelvis) on each side

5. Each common iliac (R and L) vein

form the inferior vena cava, which then ascends superiorly in the abdominal cavity.

The common iliac veins join to

drain the kidneys.

The renal (R and L) veins

drain the liver.

The hepatic (R and L) veins

includes veins that drain the digestive organs, spleen, and pancreas and deliver this blood to the liver through the hepatic portal vein.

Hepatic portal circulation:

drains the terminal part of the large intestine and drains into the splenic vein

The inferior mesenteric vein

drains the spleen, pancreas, and the left side of the stomach

The splenic vein

drain the small intestine and the first part of the colon) join to form the hepatic portal vein.

The splenic and superior mesenteric vein

, which drain the right side of the stomach, drains directly into the hepatic portal vein.

The L gastric vein

branchs aricint from thorracic aorta

intercostal arteries bronchial arteries esophangeal arteries phrenic arteries

three branches of celiac trunk

left gastric artery splenic artery common hepatic artery

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Conan Clint · 100問 · 2年前

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