the vertical through the center of buoyancy may be considered to cut the center line at a fixed point

volume of the enclosed spaces above the waterline

is the mass which must be loaded or discharged to change the ship's mean draft in salt water by 1cm

the point at which all the mass of the body may be assumed to be concentrated

If G is above M

A ship is said to be in stable equilibrium, if when inclined, she tends to return to the initial position

When G coincides with M

Is the vertical distance between G and M

height of metacenter

the vertical through the centre of buoyancy at two consecutive angle of heel intersect at a point

change shape of underwater volume

vertical COG

she will tend to return more quickly to the initial position

The ship is said to be heeled when, when she is inclined by an external forces

easier to incline and will not tend to return so quickly to the initial position.

if G is below M

sink

Is inclined to a small angle tends to heel over still further

A ship is said to be listed when she is inclined by internal forces within the ship

Is the perpendicular distance between the center of gravity and the vertical through the center of buoyancy

rise

metacentric radius

metacentric height