SCIENCE PPT2

66問 • 1年前

問題一覧

In the 1700s, _______ Lwho is a Swedish botanist, made a contribution to studying the evolutionary relationship of the different types of organisms. (Nomenclature)

carolus linnaeus

father of taxonomy

carolus linnaeus

A French naturalist proposed that organisms shared ancestors.

georges louis leclerc de buffon

He also opposed the idea of the time that the age of Earth is only 6000.

georges louis leclerc de buffon

He suggested that the earth was much older.

georges louis leclerc de buffon

The idea that "all living things were descended from a common ancestor" (grandfather of Charles Darwin)

erasmus darwin

In 1809, he proposed the idea that "all organisms evolved toward perfection and complexity" in which he further explained that species evolved into different features.

jean-baptiste lamarck

He also proposed that organisms tend to change due to the condition of the environment and behaviour to change, resulting the use and disuse of a structure.

jean-baptiste lamarck

was coined (synonym phrase) by Herbert Spencer.

survival of the fittest

huge diversity of plants and animals in the tropics region including the fossil records. Their ideas were presented to a group of scientists in London.

alfred russel wallace, charles darwin

In 1859, Darwin published his thoughts.about evolution and natural selection in On the Origin of Species.

theory of evolution by natural selection

It was as popular as it was controversial.

theory of evolution by natural selection

According to Stephen Nowicki, "there are four main principles to the theory of natural selection that can result in biodiversity:

descent with modification, variation, overproduction, adaptation

suitable environment for survival and reproduction

descent for modification

heritable differences from difference in genetic traits of the parent

variation

have enough food resources and shelter to reproduce and survive

overproduction

potential to adapt themselves to fast changing type of environment

adaptation

This refers to the scientific study of embryos and their development.

embryology

Fish, birds, mammals, and reptiles have similarities based on the result of shared common ancestry.

embryology

It refers to the physical structures of organisms that have the same evolutionary origin and positions.

homologous structure

As they progress, the animals developed differently in response to the function of their appendages (arms and leg).

homologous structure

It refers to the structure of animals which is gradually disappearing.

vestigial structure

A structure of an organism that have few or no function but is clearly homologous to the structure.

vestigial structure

This is another evidence in organisms have the basic heredity units for all life which consist of similar nucleotides and proteins

genetics

These are remains of plants and animals over the past 3.5 billion years.

fossils

It may be in the form of bones, shells, leaves, and foot prints of animals.

fossils

To determine the age of the fossilized organisms, they used ____ dating like the K-Ar isotope.

radioisotope

can be found through the help of paleontologists.

fossils

is the study of fossils in an effort to try and understand the evolution and interactions between organisms and their environment.

paleontology

In the 18th century, Paleontology was established as a science following the works of ____ who worked on comparative anatomy. However, it was in the 19th century when the field developed quickly.

Georges cuvier

is the scientific study of human artifacts through analysis and recovery of these material cultures.

archaeology

as a field of study can be categorized as social science and a branch of the humanities.

archaeology

the transfer of alleles from the former population to another population

gene flow

this is a change in allele frequencies that affect an organism to be eliminated

genetic drift

____ occurs in the DNA sequence, which causes a nucleotide base to be inserted, deleted or substituted

mutation

Mating is an important effect on evolution population. Female animals have a greater chance to select their mates.

sexual selection

happens when males display unique traits that attract the females.

intersexual selection

Happens when there is competition among males. The one who win will mate with the female.

intrasexual selection

These are the processes by which new species arise and existing species lose and cease to exist. This is the integral part of evolution in which many organisms are affected all the time.

speciation and extinction

refers to the formation of two or more new species from one existing species

speciation

three types of speciation

allopatric, sympatric, parapatric

occurs when there is an imbalance of gene flow between two populations due due to physical barrier

allopatric

happens if there is an overlapping range of the two diverging species within a region or locality

sympatric speciation

reproductive isolation occurs within an area by mutation

sympatric speciation

happens when there's a limited gene flow of the two species that may diverge from a single species following hybridization

parapatric speciation

divergence of non-hybridized species would result in speciation

parapatric speciation

geographical barrier

allopatric

partial spatial isolation

paraptric

genetic polymorphism

sympatric

isolation of a population at the periphery

peripatric

This happens when members of different population of species can no longer mate successfully or do not interbreed.

reproductive isolation

This occurs when population have different courtship rituals or behaviors involved in reproduction.

behavioral isolation

This occurs when there are changes or disruption of the ecosystem or by means of physical barriers such as mountain rise, continent drifts or when population of species migrate.

geographical isolation

it refers to a strong mating of two different species which later develops into a new species

speciation by hybridization

the term the term "ploidy" means multiplying the number of chromosomes of the species

speciation by ploidy changes

changes in the number of chromosomes are common in plants which are habit on land

speciation by ploidy changes

this is the basic functional unit of ecology which includes organisms, populations and communities.

ecosystem

the abiotic component (temperature and light)and biotic component (organisms) are very much interrelated

ecosystem

all life forms on earth are important in the

ecosystem

it refers to the different species within a region or community

species diversity

the number of species in a region or community possesses genetic variation and distribution

species diversity

many species live on land than in the sea

species diversity

it refers to the variation of genes within species

genetic diversity

it covers distinct populations of the same species

genetic diversity

it refers to the different biomes, which is called the world's major communities, which are characterized by adaptations or organisms in a particular environment.

ecosystem diversity

examples of biomes

deserts, marine, tundra, grassland, tropical rainforest

HEALTH

Zna Reah · 8問 · 2年前

HEALTH