Chapter 4 HW

Zander Chavez · 27問 · 2年前

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Which macronutrient provides 4 kilocalories per gram?

Carbohydrates

The primary function of carbohydrates in the body is to provide energy.

True

Name the major monosaccharide found in the body.

glucose

Sucrose is found naturally in:

maple sugar

Which of the following is the best description of starch?

A digestible carbohydrate made of many units of glucose

Which macronutrient provides 9 kilocalories per gram?

Fat

Which type of carbohydrate is formed by linking many (e.g., hundreds) of glucose units together?

Polysaccharides

What is the primary function of carbohydrates in the body?

To provide energy for the body

Both fiber and starch are types of polysaccharides.

True

What is the major monosaccharide in the body?

glucose

Name the long, straight-chain type of starch that makes up about 20% of digestible starch.

Amylose

Select all that apply What are some natural food sources of sucrose?

maple sugar, sugar beets

Vegetables, beans, breads, pasta, and rice are common food sources of:

amylose.

Which of the following is a type of complex carbohydrate?

strach.

Carbohydrates containing many glucose units, from 1000 or more, are called ______.

polysaccharides

Which polysaccharide is a digestible, branched-chain type of starch composed of glucose units?

amylopectin

Select all that apply Which of the following are examples of polysaccharides?

amylopectin, amylose, cellulose

Because of its branched polysaccharide structure, ______ is digested more rapidly than ______.

amylopectin; amylose

What is a digestible straight-chain type of starch composed of glucose units called?

amylose

The advantage of the branched structure of ______ is that it allows multiple enzymes to attach to its structure and break it apart quickly.

glycogen

Select all that apply Which of the following are common food sources of amylose?

Vegetables, Breads, Beans

Which of the following are major storage sites for glycogen?

Liver and muscle

Select all that apply Which of the following statements about fiber are true?

A substance found in plants, Adds bulk to feces, Is a complex carbohydrate

Of the following polysaccharides, which is digested most rapidly?

Amylopectin

Which fiber type speeds up intestinal transit time?

Insoluble (nonfermentable) fiber

Because of its branched structure that can be broken down quickly, glycogen is an ideal storage form of carbohydrate in the body.

True

The liver and muscles are the major storage sites for glycogen.

True

Which of the following is a benefit of soluble fiber?

Reduces total serum cholesterol

Fiber is a type of:

polysaccharide.

Wheat bran, nuts, fruit skins, and some vegetables are food sources of ______ fiber.

insoluble

Select all that apply Which MyPlate food groups provide many high-fiber foods?

Vegetables, Fruits, Grains

The Dietary Guidelines recommends increasing whole grain intake by replacing some refined grains with whole grains.

True

Select all that apply Which of the following are benefits of including some insoluble fiber in the diet?

Speeds up transit time of feces, Acts as a natural laxative

Select all that apply Which of the following are subgroups of vegetables, according to MyPlate?

Dark green vegetables, Starchy vegetables, Beans, peas, and lentils, Red and orange vegetables

Select all that apply Which of the following statements about fiber are true?

A substance found in plants, Is a complex carbohydrate, Adds bulk to feces

Select all that apply Which of the following types of fruit are good sources of dietary fiber?

cut-up, whole

Foods in the Dairy group are rich sources of fiber.

False

The Dietary Guidelines recommends that ______ of our grains come from whole grains.

1/2

Vegetables must be consumed raw to enjoy their nutrient benefits.

False

Lactose is the main carbohydrate found in:

dairy foods.

Choose the food that will have the most fiber.

whole orange

Select all that apply What are the two broad categories of sweeteners?

alternative sweeteners, nutritive sweeteners

Which regulatory agency in the United States determines the Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) guidelines for alternative sweeteners?

Food and Drug Administration

Which of the following can assist the digestion of carbohydrates even before food enters the mouth?

Cooking food

The main form of carbohydrate found in dairy foods is:

lactose.

The monosaccharides and disaccharides are designated as ______ because they provide calories.

nutritive sweeteners

What is the guideline for alternative sweeteners that is set at a level 100 times less than the level at which no harmful effects were noted in animal studies?

Acceptable Daily Intake

The cooking process is often viewed as the starting point of carbohydrate digestion because cooking helps to soften the tough connective fibers in the plants.

True

When dietary consumption of carbohydrates exceeds the amount needed for energy and glycogen storage, the excess carbohydrates will be stored as fat.

True

Lactose ______ is a condition in which significant symptoms, such as abdominal gas and bloating, appear after ingestion of foods containing lactose.

intolerance

If a person consumes a large amount of fiber without adequate fluid, which of the following may happen?

Blockages in the intestine

Which of the following can assist the digestion of carbohydrates even before food enters the mouth?

Cooking food

When is glucose most likely used to produce fat?

When overall calorie needs are exceeded.

The main function of glucose is to:

supply energy.

To avoid constipation, adequate fiber and water should be consumed.

True

What is the technical term for high blood sugar?

Hyperglycemia

Select all that apply A high-fiber diet may improve blood cholesterol measurements because:

soluble fiber inhibits cholesterol absorption from the small intestine, fatty acids produced during fermentation of soluble fiber in the large intestine may reduce cholesterol synthesis in the liver

Select all that apply Which of the following food choices comply with the recommendations of the Dietary Guidelines?

Choose brown rice instead of white rice in a recipe., Add baked acorn squash as a side dish with dinner., Choose frozen blueberries with with no added sugars instead of sweetened frozen berries.

What is the adequate intake level for fiber in adult women?

25 grams

The main function of glucose is to provide the body with a source of fuel.

True

Anna's blood test showed that her fasting blood sugar was 150 mg/dl. According to these results, she is:

hyperglycemic.

As intake of added sugars increases, dietary quality

decreases.

Soluble fiber ______ the absorption of cholesterol from the small intestine into the blood.

decreases

Select all that apply The Dietary Guidelines urges Americans to:

consume 3 or more ounces per day of grains, making half the choices from whole grains., choose fiber-rich fruits, vegetables, and grains often

What is the Adequate Intake level of dietary fiber for men?

38 grams

What type of diabetes is characterized by insulin resistance and often associated with obesity?

Type 2 diabetes

There is not sufficient evidence to link intake of sugared-sweetened beverages to risk for obesity.

False

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